A series of novels, Ulidongne: Our Village of Lee, Mun-gu deeply deals with several problems in rural community, derived from the 'National Modernism' which carried out by the Korean government between 1960 and 1970. In the early of 1960, Korea fell into two dilemmas; absolute poverty and politic un...
A series of novels, Ulidongne: Our Village of Lee, Mun-gu deeply deals with several problems in rural community, derived from the 'National Modernism' which carried out by the Korean government between 1960 and 1970. In the early of 1960, Korea fell into two dilemmas; absolute poverty and politic unstability. The reorganization of industrial structure was the policy urged by 5.16 military government as one model of western capitalism in order to break through these problems. As Korea had insignificant natural resources and her industry still depended on primary industry, it was impossible to supply enormous expenses necessary for industrialism. Therefore, the Korean government obtained a great sum of loan and tried to achieve the economic restoration by building industrial factories in cities and exporting industrial goods. This governmental policy, 'Preferred Industrial Policy' caused the 'Leaving country to go to city' phenomenon. Since 1970, Korean traditional agricultural villages started to be rapidly collapsed. The Ulidongne watches with deep concern about the peasants who were thoroughly victimized in the process of national modernism. The government schemed for inner colonialism by committing violence and suppression toward peasants only for the national industrialism. On the assumption that the Ulidongne contains self-reliance ideology as well as the resistance against the governmental colonial modernism scheme, this page quoted and examined the Post-colonial theory. The intention started from the questions on the existing discussions that the series of novels have been considered as 'Realism literature', 'Agricultural literature' and 'Poor modernism type'. We consider the Post-colonialism as a symbolical colonial period at that time. Based on this viewpoint, I would like to find a new possibility of Ulidongne as a self-reliant literature by examining the Post-colonialism in the book through the governmental rule and subordination in the process of modernism and the peasants's lives against them. The governmental policy which focused on the development of industry for the accumulation of the capital made rural community, the root of Korean industry, collapsed. The lopsided industrial-focused policy without the consideration of realistic situations in agricultural society causes a sense of alienation among peasants and brought distrust in the government. Accordingly, there was a sharp confrontation between the government which carried out the policy and the dependants, peasants. The government suppressed the resistance of peasants by force in order to enforce the industrial policy in the name of 'National Modernism'. With this, the peasants experienced double pains; governmental oppression and the fall of agricultural economy. As the capital culture came into rural communities because of urbanization, the general lifestyle in rural society became fetishism. The devastation of lives leaded by this pathological phenomenon, fetishism, influenced on the social conditions in rural community and the sense of value among peasants. The absence of emotional, moral and psychological values knocked down the traditional order and community spirit in agricultural villages, which was accompanied by Dehumanization. Ironically, the economic growth increased the positiveness of social/political attitudes among the people. The Ulidongne of Lee, Mun-gu describes the course of Post-colonialism which the peasants sought, resisting the negativeness and colonization of the governmental modernism scheme. The peasants in this book are different from those who unconditionally followed the governmental policies, but rather active characters who scold the faulty policy and actively urge better improvement. In the background that the peasants' attitude was changed, they realized that their poverty was caused by structural inconsistency of government's blunder. At the same time, the book describes the post-colonialism of peasants who tried to get out of the rule and subordination of the government, resisting the violent suppression. The post-colonialism was the process of mental and cultural independence against new colonial modernism based on western capitalism, which ultimately worked as a resistant principle which the peasants recovered their own identification. Also these series realistically describe the harsh situations in rural community and the devastated lives of peasants, and make people reconsider a desirable human life themselves. The Ulidongne of Lee, Mun-gu presents a prospective viewpoint which all the peasants can share by facing up to the rural reality in 1970s and analyzing the problems in agricultural villages structurally. In this point, this book provides an important clue to go toward the Post-colonialism after overcoming the modernism. The Post-colonialism theory take a right view of dual relation between rule/subordination and suppression/exploitation and provides the helpful theoretic basis in order to solve these problems. Furthermore, recent post-colonialism discussions tend to pursue 'Cultural Hybridity' which get rid of self-centered view and is mixed with other people. In this point, the Ulidongne of Lee, Mun-gu provides an essential clue to go toward the Post-colonialism. This book shows the process that the peasants obtained the Post-colonialism by restoring the rural community through the reconciliation and unification among hostile characters. The true Post-colonialism which the peasants sought did not mean the reproduction of past rural tradition but meant to form a new community to make extraneous people tie up as "We". Post-modernism does not seek one unified existence, but rather various surroundings and various small points, which overcomes the modernism. Korean modernism caused various complicated problems in rural community, so it changed self-sufficient simple life of farmers into various types. The Ulidongne emphasizes on the new community through 'Reconciliation and Tolerance' rather than the 'Overthrow and Abolition with sharp strategies to overcome the real situations in rural community. The new community of Lee, Mun-gu's series seek recognizing and accepting rather than excluding the others. This spirit is identical with the ultimate aim which the Post-colonialism is orientating. The peasants in the Ulidongne gains the true Post-colonialism by eliminating self-centered view and accepting others as members of one community. It seeks a new community by keeping the complementary relation between tradition and development rather that relative concept between two. In this point, the Ulidongne shows the essence of Post-colonialism. As mentioned above, this paper examined the characteristics of Post-colonialism in the serial novel Ulidongne written by Lee, Mun-gu. Rejecting the western modernism and succeeding own tradition is not the only way to overcome the orientalism in order to achieve the post-colonialism. True Post-colonialism does not unconditionally exclude western modern civilization, but renovate negative factors in own tradition and orientate hybridized-future. This book has the significant point that people should recognize other's values and seek the coexistence and solidarity with others. The ultimate purpose of the author in the Ulidongne is to obtain the Post-colonialism by establishing a new community which everyone be together. This future-orientated features provide current important issues, being out of the existing evaluations and sublating a new analysis on the Ulidongne.
A series of novels, Ulidongne: Our Village of Lee, Mun-gu deeply deals with several problems in rural community, derived from the 'National Modernism' which carried out by the Korean government between 1960 and 1970. In the early of 1960, Korea fell into two dilemmas; absolute poverty and politic unstability. The reorganization of industrial structure was the policy urged by 5.16 military government as one model of western capitalism in order to break through these problems. As Korea had insignificant natural resources and her industry still depended on primary industry, it was impossible to supply enormous expenses necessary for industrialism. Therefore, the Korean government obtained a great sum of loan and tried to achieve the economic restoration by building industrial factories in cities and exporting industrial goods. This governmental policy, 'Preferred Industrial Policy' caused the 'Leaving country to go to city' phenomenon. Since 1970, Korean traditional agricultural villages started to be rapidly collapsed. The Ulidongne watches with deep concern about the peasants who were thoroughly victimized in the process of national modernism. The government schemed for inner colonialism by committing violence and suppression toward peasants only for the national industrialism. On the assumption that the Ulidongne contains self-reliance ideology as well as the resistance against the governmental colonial modernism scheme, this page quoted and examined the Post-colonial theory. The intention started from the questions on the existing discussions that the series of novels have been considered as 'Realism literature', 'Agricultural literature' and 'Poor modernism type'. We consider the Post-colonialism as a symbolical colonial period at that time. Based on this viewpoint, I would like to find a new possibility of Ulidongne as a self-reliant literature by examining the Post-colonialism in the book through the governmental rule and subordination in the process of modernism and the peasants's lives against them. The governmental policy which focused on the development of industry for the accumulation of the capital made rural community, the root of Korean industry, collapsed. The lopsided industrial-focused policy without the consideration of realistic situations in agricultural society causes a sense of alienation among peasants and brought distrust in the government. Accordingly, there was a sharp confrontation between the government which carried out the policy and the dependants, peasants. The government suppressed the resistance of peasants by force in order to enforce the industrial policy in the name of 'National Modernism'. With this, the peasants experienced double pains; governmental oppression and the fall of agricultural economy. As the capital culture came into rural communities because of urbanization, the general lifestyle in rural society became fetishism. The devastation of lives leaded by this pathological phenomenon, fetishism, influenced on the social conditions in rural community and the sense of value among peasants. The absence of emotional, moral and psychological values knocked down the traditional order and community spirit in agricultural villages, which was accompanied by Dehumanization. Ironically, the economic growth increased the positiveness of social/political attitudes among the people. The Ulidongne of Lee, Mun-gu describes the course of Post-colonialism which the peasants sought, resisting the negativeness and colonization of the governmental modernism scheme. The peasants in this book are different from those who unconditionally followed the governmental policies, but rather active characters who scold the faulty policy and actively urge better improvement. In the background that the peasants' attitude was changed, they realized that their poverty was caused by structural inconsistency of government's blunder. At the same time, the book describes the post-colonialism of peasants who tried to get out of the rule and subordination of the government, resisting the violent suppression. The post-colonialism was the process of mental and cultural independence against new colonial modernism based on western capitalism, which ultimately worked as a resistant principle which the peasants recovered their own identification. Also these series realistically describe the harsh situations in rural community and the devastated lives of peasants, and make people reconsider a desirable human life themselves. The Ulidongne of Lee, Mun-gu presents a prospective viewpoint which all the peasants can share by facing up to the rural reality in 1970s and analyzing the problems in agricultural villages structurally. In this point, this book provides an important clue to go toward the Post-colonialism after overcoming the modernism. The Post-colonialism theory take a right view of dual relation between rule/subordination and suppression/exploitation and provides the helpful theoretic basis in order to solve these problems. Furthermore, recent post-colonialism discussions tend to pursue 'Cultural Hybridity' which get rid of self-centered view and is mixed with other people. In this point, the Ulidongne of Lee, Mun-gu provides an essential clue to go toward the Post-colonialism. This book shows the process that the peasants obtained the Post-colonialism by restoring the rural community through the reconciliation and unification among hostile characters. The true Post-colonialism which the peasants sought did not mean the reproduction of past rural tradition but meant to form a new community to make extraneous people tie up as "We". Post-modernism does not seek one unified existence, but rather various surroundings and various small points, which overcomes the modernism. Korean modernism caused various complicated problems in rural community, so it changed self-sufficient simple life of farmers into various types. The Ulidongne emphasizes on the new community through 'Reconciliation and Tolerance' rather than the 'Overthrow and Abolition with sharp strategies to overcome the real situations in rural community. The new community of Lee, Mun-gu's series seek recognizing and accepting rather than excluding the others. This spirit is identical with the ultimate aim which the Post-colonialism is orientating. The peasants in the Ulidongne gains the true Post-colonialism by eliminating self-centered view and accepting others as members of one community. It seeks a new community by keeping the complementary relation between tradition and development rather that relative concept between two. In this point, the Ulidongne shows the essence of Post-colonialism. As mentioned above, this paper examined the characteristics of Post-colonialism in the serial novel Ulidongne written by Lee, Mun-gu. Rejecting the western modernism and succeeding own tradition is not the only way to overcome the orientalism in order to achieve the post-colonialism. True Post-colonialism does not unconditionally exclude western modern civilization, but renovate negative factors in own tradition and orientate hybridized-future. This book has the significant point that people should recognize other's values and seek the coexistence and solidarity with others. The ultimate purpose of the author in the Ulidongne is to obtain the Post-colonialism by establishing a new community which everyone be together. This future-orientated features provide current important issues, being out of the existing evaluations and sublating a new analysis on the Ulidongne.
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