목적: 자침의 속도변화에 따라서 인체의 생물역학적인 변화와 주관적인 침감이 어떻게 변하는지 알아보았다.
방법: 16명의 건강한 자원 실험 참가자를 대상으로 빠르게 자침하는 경우와 느리게 자침하는 경우 각각의 생물역학적인 변화와 주관적인 침감(설문지)을 측정하였다. 좌측 합곡혈을 사용하였다. 침이 피부에 닿는 경우, 진입하는 경우, 목표지점에 닿은 경우 3부분으로 나누어 측정하였다. 자침기구는 NID-K라는 기구를 이용하였고, 이 기구로 생물역학적인 변화를 측정하였다.
결과: 빠르게 자침하는 경우와 느리게 자침하는 경우 속도, 감속...
목적: 자침의 속도변화에 따라서 인체의 생물역학적인 변화와 주관적인 침감이 어떻게 변하는지 알아보았다.
방법: 16명의 건강한 자원 실험 참가자를 대상으로 빠르게 자침하는 경우와 느리게 자침하는 경우 각각의 생물역학적인 변화와 주관적인 침감(설문지)을 측정하였다. 좌측 합곡혈을 사용하였다. 침이 피부에 닿는 경우, 진입하는 경우, 목표지점에 닿은 경우 3부분으로 나누어 측정하였다. 자침기구는 NID-K라는 기구를 이용하였고, 이 기구로 생물역학적인 변화를 측정하였다.
결과: 빠르게 자침하는 경우와 느리게 자침하는 경우 속도, 감속도, 최대 일률은 유의성 있는 차이가 있었고, 최대 힘은 차이가 없었다. 주관적인 침감에 있어서는 다음과 같다.
1)자침시: 통증은 두 경우 유의성 있는 차이가 있었다
2)진입시: 둔한느낌, 시원한 느낌, 마비감은 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다.
3)목표지점에 닿은 경우: 압박감과 무거운 느낌은 유의성 있는 차이가 있었고, 따뜻한 감, 시원한 감, 뜨거운 느낌, 방산감, 안도감, 순환되는 느낌은 차이가 없었다.
결론: 자침의 속도에 따라 자침통증 및 해당부위 별로 침감의 차이가 나타난다.
목적: 자침의 속도변화에 따라서 인체의 생물역학적인 변화와 주관적인 침감이 어떻게 변하는지 알아보았다.
방법: 16명의 건강한 자원 실험 참가자를 대상으로 빠르게 자침하는 경우와 느리게 자침하는 경우 각각의 생물역학적인 변화와 주관적인 침감(설문지)을 측정하였다. 좌측 합곡혈을 사용하였다. 침이 피부에 닿는 경우, 진입하는 경우, 목표지점에 닿은 경우 3부분으로 나누어 측정하였다. 자침기구는 NID-K라는 기구를 이용하였고, 이 기구로 생물역학적인 변화를 측정하였다.
결과: 빠르게 자침하는 경우와 느리게 자침하는 경우 속도, 감속도, 최대 일률은 유의성 있는 차이가 있었고, 최대 힘은 차이가 없었다. 주관적인 침감에 있어서는 다음과 같다.
1)자침시: 통증은 두 경우 유의성 있는 차이가 있었다
2)진입시: 둔한느낌, 시원한 느낌, 마비감은 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다.
3)목표지점에 닿은 경우: 압박감과 무거운 느낌은 유의성 있는 차이가 있었고, 따뜻한 감, 시원한 감, 뜨거운 느낌, 방산감, 안도감, 순환되는 느낌은 차이가 없었다.
결론: 자침의 속도에 따라 자침통증 및 해당부위 별로 침감의 차이가 나타난다.
Main point of this study is the first report on the in-vivo acupuncture needle insertion force measurement and the correlation of biophysical properties of acupuncture needle insertion and subjective acupuncture sensation. A research device to simulate acupuncture needle insertion was used.
Accordin...
Main point of this study is the first report on the in-vivo acupuncture needle insertion force measurement and the correlation of biophysical properties of acupuncture needle insertion and subjective acupuncture sensation. A research device to simulate acupuncture needle insertion was used.
According to classical acupuncture theory, meridians exist in living organism as a pathway of vital energy, and specific points on the meridian pathway may be stimulated to achieve therapeutic effects5). Research to scientifically validate the assertion of classical acupuncture theory and related medical practice is not different from to describe parameters of acupuncture stimulation in scientific language and to evaluate the relationship between the acupuncture parameters and concomitant effects. This line of validation will lead to therapeutic validation of acupuncture stimulation parameters and development of plausible effective medical application. Acupuncture parameters include acupuncture point, mode of stimulation and others.
Mode of acupuncture needle stimulation means diverse ways of needle insertion, manipulation of an inserted needle, and needle withdrawal, in addition to the preparatory digital manipulation of the acupuncture point before needle insertion and post-factum digital manipulation of the acupuncture point after needle withdrawal. Previous research tried to investigate the biophysical properties in the rotation of the inserted needle4), but the experiment set-up adopted was fairly far from the actual acupuncture practice, in that no practitioner seems to be able to rotate an inserted needle 16 unidirectional cycles of rotation or to rotate an inserted needle 16 bidirectional cycles of rotation four rotations each at a speed of 8 revolutions per second. This study investigated more basic parameter of acupuncture stimulation, the speed of needle insertion.
Acupuncture needle was inserted into LI4 acupuncture point at a constant speed of 8.4±1.0 mm/s² or 4.3±0.6 mm/s². Real time data from force sensor and length sensor were acquired. With advancement of the needle toward deep into the acpuncuture point, transient decelerations of the velocity occurred at skin contact point and at the target depth where the needle stopped and the peak deceleration value was higher in the fast speed insertion group. In accordance with previous reports on needle insertion6-7), the maximum force was measured at the end point of the needle advancement and there existed no difference between fast insertion group and slow insertion group, while peak value of power, the product of force and velocity, was significantly higher in fast insertion group.
As for subjective sensation related with acupuncture stimulation, overall pain intensity on skin penetration was lower in fast insertion group. On the contrary, pressing and heaviness sensation was higher in slow insertion group. It is generally accepted that pressing and heaviness sensation is related with the classical phenomenon of deqi8-10). Deqi, a needle grasp feeling has been asserted to be important as an indicator of successful stimulation inducing therapeutic response of the stimulated patient.
This finding holds importance in clinical context. In real acupuncture practice, less painful intervention is more favorable when trying to involve patients more in the treatment process11). High speed penetration of the skin may accompany less pain, which is in accordance with traditional saying and clinical experience. Given that the assertion of deqi reaction to be an important factor of successful stimulation, a control of needle insertion speed may influence on the induction of deqi reaction.
This study only controlled the needle insertion speed. Further study will be required to investigate other parameters of acupuncture stimulation related phenomena.
Main point of this study is the first report on the in-vivo acupuncture needle insertion force measurement and the correlation of biophysical properties of acupuncture needle insertion and subjective acupuncture sensation. A research device to simulate acupuncture needle insertion was used.
According to classical acupuncture theory, meridians exist in living organism as a pathway of vital energy, and specific points on the meridian pathway may be stimulated to achieve therapeutic effects5). Research to scientifically validate the assertion of classical acupuncture theory and related medical practice is not different from to describe parameters of acupuncture stimulation in scientific language and to evaluate the relationship between the acupuncture parameters and concomitant effects. This line of validation will lead to therapeutic validation of acupuncture stimulation parameters and development of plausible effective medical application. Acupuncture parameters include acupuncture point, mode of stimulation and others.
Mode of acupuncture needle stimulation means diverse ways of needle insertion, manipulation of an inserted needle, and needle withdrawal, in addition to the preparatory digital manipulation of the acupuncture point before needle insertion and post-factum digital manipulation of the acupuncture point after needle withdrawal. Previous research tried to investigate the biophysical properties in the rotation of the inserted needle4), but the experiment set-up adopted was fairly far from the actual acupuncture practice, in that no practitioner seems to be able to rotate an inserted needle 16 unidirectional cycles of rotation or to rotate an inserted needle 16 bidirectional cycles of rotation four rotations each at a speed of 8 revolutions per second. This study investigated more basic parameter of acupuncture stimulation, the speed of needle insertion.
Acupuncture needle was inserted into LI4 acupuncture point at a constant speed of 8.4±1.0 mm/s² or 4.3±0.6 mm/s². Real time data from force sensor and length sensor were acquired. With advancement of the needle toward deep into the acpuncuture point, transient decelerations of the velocity occurred at skin contact point and at the target depth where the needle stopped and the peak deceleration value was higher in the fast speed insertion group. In accordance with previous reports on needle insertion6-7), the maximum force was measured at the end point of the needle advancement and there existed no difference between fast insertion group and slow insertion group, while peak value of power, the product of force and velocity, was significantly higher in fast insertion group.
As for subjective sensation related with acupuncture stimulation, overall pain intensity on skin penetration was lower in fast insertion group. On the contrary, pressing and heaviness sensation was higher in slow insertion group. It is generally accepted that pressing and heaviness sensation is related with the classical phenomenon of deqi8-10). Deqi, a needle grasp feeling has been asserted to be important as an indicator of successful stimulation inducing therapeutic response of the stimulated patient.
This finding holds importance in clinical context. In real acupuncture practice, less painful intervention is more favorable when trying to involve patients more in the treatment process11). High speed penetration of the skin may accompany less pain, which is in accordance with traditional saying and clinical experience. Given that the assertion of deqi reaction to be an important factor of successful stimulation, a control of needle insertion speed may influence on the induction of deqi reaction.
This study only controlled the needle insertion speed. Further study will be required to investigate other parameters of acupuncture stimulation related phenomena.
주제어
#자침속도
#침감
#통증
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