Recently the development of environmentally friendly animal feed and alternative antibiotics for improvement of animal productivity control are urgently required. Futhermore, the regulation and prohibition in the use of antibiotics for growth promotion were getting more critical. On this point of vi...
Recently the development of environmentally friendly animal feed and alternative antibiotics for improvement of animal productivity control are urgently required. Futhermore, the regulation and prohibition in the use of antibiotics for growth promotion were getting more critical. On this point of view, researches on the development of alternative feed additives are actively undertaken to produce compounds of partial or complete substitute for antibiotics. Herbral medicine used in oriental medicinal fields contains not only nutrition but also various function such as appetite stimulation pigment, anti-fungi growth, antioxidation, immune modulation, stress alleviation, control of metabolism and so on. Further, they have several benefits not to induce toxicity residual, microbial resistancy. When the comparison was made with artificially synthesized antibiotics and inorganic compounds, oriental herbal extracts(OHE) are considered as a ideal additives for functional food production including animal production. OHE are called as substances extracted from natural plants, and used as natural extracts itself or processed type for medical products. From the results of experimentl, OHE showed strong antimicrobial activities on Salmonella enteritidis and typhimurium causing diarrhea. The extracts from Ligusticum wallichii and Angilica sinensis showed the unique antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enteritidis. The extract of Artemisia capollaris Thumb has an antimicrobial activity against three strains of diarrhea-causing bacteria and one bacterium causing respiratory disease. Lagenaria siceraria also showed antimicrobial activities against three diarrhea-causing bacteria. Lonicera Japonica Thumb has antimicrobial activity against four different bacteria except Salmonella typhimurium. From these results, OHE as an alternative antibiotics was considered as a good feed additive showing growth stimulation and immune modulation, but further researches are needed. In results of the experiment 2, blood glucose, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol showed the significant differences between OHE-treated group and control group rats (P<0.05). Plasma testosterone and IGF-1 concentrations were remarkably increased in rats fed the experimental diet treated with OHE than those of control rats (P<0.05). These results demonstrated that the dietary OHE can improve the energy metabolism of non-ruminant animal. In addition, it has been suggested that immune response of animals can also be strengthen fortified due to the results of increased blood IgG concentration. Daily weight gain of rats treated with OHE was higher than control group. The proliferation of PBMC stimulated with LPS or ConA of the group fed OHE have shown similar tendency to the rat immune cell numbers of splenocytes stimulated with LPS or Con A were also significantly increased in rats treated with OHE to than those of control group(p<0.05). These results demonstrated that OHE can be used for ideal feed additives in animal production. When the comparison was made between control and OHE-treated layers, Haugh Unit was higher than control group.(p<0.05) Egg mass production in OHE group layers also showed remarkably higher than control group(p<0.05). However there were no significant differences in feed intake among all groups(Exp 3). In the experiment of broiler chicken, feed intake was not changed by the different feeding condition such as stressful or un-stressful feeding densities. However, dietary feeding of OHE showed increased body weight gain under the stressful feeding density. When both the splenocytes and PBMC were stimulated by LPS, there were no significant differences in their proliferation activities. However, splenocytes or PBMC stimulated with Con A showed increased cell proliferative activities by the treatment of OHE. These results demonstrated that dietary OHE has some potential to improve the productivity of poultry animal. In summary, OHE has a function to stimulate the growth performance and may be able to be used as an alternative antibiotics in animal production.
Recently the development of environmentally friendly animal feed and alternative antibiotics for improvement of animal productivity control are urgently required. Futhermore, the regulation and prohibition in the use of antibiotics for growth promotion were getting more critical. On this point of view, researches on the development of alternative feed additives are actively undertaken to produce compounds of partial or complete substitute for antibiotics. Herbral medicine used in oriental medicinal fields contains not only nutrition but also various function such as appetite stimulation pigment, anti-fungi growth, antioxidation, immune modulation, stress alleviation, control of metabolism and so on. Further, they have several benefits not to induce toxicity residual, microbial resistancy. When the comparison was made with artificially synthesized antibiotics and inorganic compounds, oriental herbal extracts(OHE) are considered as a ideal additives for functional food production including animal production. OHE are called as substances extracted from natural plants, and used as natural extracts itself or processed type for medical products. From the results of experimentl, OHE showed strong antimicrobial activities on Salmonella enteritidis and typhimurium causing diarrhea. The extracts from Ligusticum wallichii and Angilica sinensis showed the unique antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enteritidis. The extract of Artemisia capollaris Thumb has an antimicrobial activity against three strains of diarrhea-causing bacteria and one bacterium causing respiratory disease. Lagenaria siceraria also showed antimicrobial activities against three diarrhea-causing bacteria. Lonicera Japonica Thumb has antimicrobial activity against four different bacteria except Salmonella typhimurium. From these results, OHE as an alternative antibiotics was considered as a good feed additive showing growth stimulation and immune modulation, but further researches are needed. In results of the experiment 2, blood glucose, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol showed the significant differences between OHE-treated group and control group rats (P<0.05). Plasma testosterone and IGF-1 concentrations were remarkably increased in rats fed the experimental diet treated with OHE than those of control rats (P<0.05). These results demonstrated that the dietary OHE can improve the energy metabolism of non-ruminant animal. In addition, it has been suggested that immune response of animals can also be strengthen fortified due to the results of increased blood IgG concentration. Daily weight gain of rats treated with OHE was higher than control group. The proliferation of PBMC stimulated with LPS or ConA of the group fed OHE have shown similar tendency to the rat immune cell numbers of splenocytes stimulated with LPS or Con A were also significantly increased in rats treated with OHE to than those of control group(p<0.05). These results demonstrated that OHE can be used for ideal feed additives in animal production. When the comparison was made between control and OHE-treated layers, Haugh Unit was higher than control group.(p<0.05) Egg mass production in OHE group layers also showed remarkably higher than control group(p<0.05). However there were no significant differences in feed intake among all groups(Exp 3). In the experiment of broiler chicken, feed intake was not changed by the different feeding condition such as stressful or un-stressful feeding densities. However, dietary feeding of OHE showed increased body weight gain under the stressful feeding density. When both the splenocytes and PBMC were stimulated by LPS, there were no significant differences in their proliferation activities. However, splenocytes or PBMC stimulated with Con A showed increased cell proliferative activities by the treatment of OHE. These results demonstrated that dietary OHE has some potential to improve the productivity of poultry animal. In summary, OHE has a function to stimulate the growth performance and may be able to be used as an alternative antibiotics in animal production.
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