In order to improve the dyeing method by natural indigo and prepared natural indigo dyes, silk fabrics were dyed in an extract of fresh leaves of the indigo plant, Polygonum tinctorium Lour., and cotton fabrics were dyed in an extract of waste from fresh leaves of indigo plant, natural fermented ind...
In order to improve the dyeing method by natural indigo and prepared natural indigo dyes, silk fabrics were dyed in an extract of fresh leaves of the indigo plant, Polygonum tinctorium Lour., and cotton fabrics were dyed in an extract of waste from fresh leaves of indigo plant, natural fermented indigo solution, indigo powder(Chungdae) and dry leaves of indigo plant. There is development purpose of new dyeing methods for simple and easy use of indigo. The purpose of development new indigo dyestuff is to use indigo leaves waste again. Measured UV-visible spectra of indigo extracts, the depth of the shade by dyeing condition, surface color of dyed fabrics, and fastness in order to compare the results that dyed in various methods.
The results are follows ;
(1) Dyeing with fresh leaf of indigo plant
The depth of the shade increased with amounts of fresh leaf indigo plant. The depth of the shade increased so as to take dyeing time. Amount of a fresh leaf of indigo plant affected exhaustion increase. The depth of the shade was the highest at 20℃. The depth of the shade increased till it repeated dyeing three times, but increase of the depth of the shade was not clear when the above repeated dyeing. The blue that a time of silk dyed had green worked, but dyeing is repeated, and a blue appeared intensely. Dyed repeatedly, value became lower, and chroma did not change greatly. Surface color of the silk which dyed to fresh leaves of indigo plant there is a large quantity of fresh leaves of indigo plant, and gave gradually clockwise at Munsell hue circles.
As a result of having dyed after left extracts of fresh leaves of indigo plant as it is, and having restored, cotton fabrics dyeing was possible. At this time left alone of extracts, and time gets longer, and the depth of the shade appeared high. When 40 minutes passed after sodium dithionite addition, the depth of the shade was highest. When the indigo concentration was high, amounts of sodium dithionite and lapse time affected to the depth of the shade. Lightfastness of fresh leaf dyed silk and the laundry fastness were very bad, but lightfastness of the cotton dyed with indigo extracted from fresh leaf waste was very excellent with the fifth grade.
(2) Dyeing with natural fermented indigo solution
There was hardly a change of pH, and solution which extracted the leaves of indigo plant which added an alkali became lower till 24 hours passed. pH of extracts became lower, and absorbance increased a bit since 48 hours passed. When 48 hours passed after adding to an alkali to extracts, pH rose, but wavelength of maximum absorption of extracts passed a little through 659nm, 658nm at 651nm during these processes to have increased, and absorbance changed to 661nm. The bacterium which as a result of having searched a bacterium to have been included in during the natural indigo solutions which fermented, occurred in hydrogen like Clostridium hastiforme was confirmed the majority. As temperature is high, the indigo solution which fermentation was proceeded time to get to an indigo generation was short. As a result of having dyed cotton fabrics, the depth of the shade increased greatly, but dyeing time got longer, and increase width was not large in natural direction solutions to have fermented for the five minutes that started dyeing. If liqure ratio was low, a solution was easily oxidized, and the natural indigo solution which fermented dyeing was not performed as a contact with oxygen was active.
Dyeing time gets longer, and in repetition dyeing the depth of the shade by dyeing increased. Showed to high the depth of the shade the cases that a case to dye repeatedly after was completely dry, and cleaning itself in water after dyeing dyed repeatedly in wet state. The lightfastness of the cotton fabrics which dyed in the natural indigo solutions which fermented 3~6 class worked, and dyeing density is high, and fastness increased. The boiling water fastness appeared with the 5th grade and, the laundry fastness became low so that degree of exhaustion was high.
(3) Dyeing with dry leaf of indigo plant
Dyebath for cotton dyeing is prepared with extracts from dry leaf of indigo plant and reduced by addition of sodium dithionite. Absorbance of indigo solution suddenly decreased between initial 20 minutes added sodium dithionite, but rate of decline of absorbance became slow by a temporal flow. The depth of the shade increased rapidly until three minutes after the beginning of dyeing, but it was increased slightly slow above time passed. A time of silk which was dyed repeatedly than what was dyed was darker. The depth of the shade of the cotton fabrics which was especially dyed repeatedly three times increased very much. The depth of the shade appeared highest in dyeing 30~40℃. If the dyeing density rose, therefore, the surface color aspect of dyed cotton moved little by little in a subsidiary of purple, and value and chroma decreased a little. If the depth of the shade was high, fastness appeared high.
(4) Dyeing with indigo powder(Chungdae)
In order to investigate the effects of sodium dithionite, dyeing time, repeating times of dyeing and dyeing temperature to the depth of the shade,
dyed cotton fabric with solution of indigo powder(Chungdae) dissolved in sodium hydroxide. The depth of the shade increased with concentration of sodium dithionite and dyeing time. When dyeing for six minutes the depth of the shade became maximum. The depth of the shade increased till 1~3 times repeated dyeing, but above that times repeated dyeing decrease. The depth of the shade decreased with increasing the dyeing temperature. Lightfastness of cotton fabric dyed by Chungdae was increased with increasing the depth of the shade. Hue of cotton fabric showed bluish by increasing the dyeing temperature.
In order to improve the dyeing method by natural indigo and prepared natural indigo dyes, silk fabrics were dyed in an extract of fresh leaves of the indigo plant, Polygonum tinctorium Lour., and cotton fabrics were dyed in an extract of waste from fresh leaves of indigo plant, natural fermented indigo solution, indigo powder(Chungdae) and dry leaves of indigo plant. There is development purpose of new dyeing methods for simple and easy use of indigo. The purpose of development new indigo dyestuff is to use indigo leaves waste again. Measured UV-visible spectra of indigo extracts, the depth of the shade by dyeing condition, surface color of dyed fabrics, and fastness in order to compare the results that dyed in various methods.
The results are follows ;
(1) Dyeing with fresh leaf of indigo plant
The depth of the shade increased with amounts of fresh leaf indigo plant. The depth of the shade increased so as to take dyeing time. Amount of a fresh leaf of indigo plant affected exhaustion increase. The depth of the shade was the highest at 20℃. The depth of the shade increased till it repeated dyeing three times, but increase of the depth of the shade was not clear when the above repeated dyeing. The blue that a time of silk dyed had green worked, but dyeing is repeated, and a blue appeared intensely. Dyed repeatedly, value became lower, and chroma did not change greatly. Surface color of the silk which dyed to fresh leaves of indigo plant there is a large quantity of fresh leaves of indigo plant, and gave gradually clockwise at Munsell hue circles.
As a result of having dyed after left extracts of fresh leaves of indigo plant as it is, and having restored, cotton fabrics dyeing was possible. At this time left alone of extracts, and time gets longer, and the depth of the shade appeared high. When 40 minutes passed after sodium dithionite addition, the depth of the shade was highest. When the indigo concentration was high, amounts of sodium dithionite and lapse time affected to the depth of the shade. Lightfastness of fresh leaf dyed silk and the laundry fastness were very bad, but lightfastness of the cotton dyed with indigo extracted from fresh leaf waste was very excellent with the fifth grade.
(2) Dyeing with natural fermented indigo solution
There was hardly a change of pH, and solution which extracted the leaves of indigo plant which added an alkali became lower till 24 hours passed. pH of extracts became lower, and absorbance increased a bit since 48 hours passed. When 48 hours passed after adding to an alkali to extracts, pH rose, but wavelength of maximum absorption of extracts passed a little through 659nm, 658nm at 651nm during these processes to have increased, and absorbance changed to 661nm. The bacterium which as a result of having searched a bacterium to have been included in during the natural indigo solutions which fermented, occurred in hydrogen like Clostridium hastiforme was confirmed the majority. As temperature is high, the indigo solution which fermentation was proceeded time to get to an indigo generation was short. As a result of having dyed cotton fabrics, the depth of the shade increased greatly, but dyeing time got longer, and increase width was not large in natural direction solutions to have fermented for the five minutes that started dyeing. If liqure ratio was low, a solution was easily oxidized, and the natural indigo solution which fermented dyeing was not performed as a contact with oxygen was active.
Dyeing time gets longer, and in repetition dyeing the depth of the shade by dyeing increased. Showed to high the depth of the shade the cases that a case to dye repeatedly after was completely dry, and cleaning itself in water after dyeing dyed repeatedly in wet state. The lightfastness of the cotton fabrics which dyed in the natural indigo solutions which fermented 3~6 class worked, and dyeing density is high, and fastness increased. The boiling water fastness appeared with the 5th grade and, the laundry fastness became low so that degree of exhaustion was high.
(3) Dyeing with dry leaf of indigo plant
Dyebath for cotton dyeing is prepared with extracts from dry leaf of indigo plant and reduced by addition of sodium dithionite. Absorbance of indigo solution suddenly decreased between initial 20 minutes added sodium dithionite, but rate of decline of absorbance became slow by a temporal flow. The depth of the shade increased rapidly until three minutes after the beginning of dyeing, but it was increased slightly slow above time passed. A time of silk which was dyed repeatedly than what was dyed was darker. The depth of the shade of the cotton fabrics which was especially dyed repeatedly three times increased very much. The depth of the shade appeared highest in dyeing 30~40℃. If the dyeing density rose, therefore, the surface color aspect of dyed cotton moved little by little in a subsidiary of purple, and value and chroma decreased a little. If the depth of the shade was high, fastness appeared high.
(4) Dyeing with indigo powder(Chungdae)
In order to investigate the effects of sodium dithionite, dyeing time, repeating times of dyeing and dyeing temperature to the depth of the shade,
dyed cotton fabric with solution of indigo powder(Chungdae) dissolved in sodium hydroxide. The depth of the shade increased with concentration of sodium dithionite and dyeing time. When dyeing for six minutes the depth of the shade became maximum. The depth of the shade increased till 1~3 times repeated dyeing, but above that times repeated dyeing decrease. The depth of the shade decreased with increasing the dyeing temperature. Lightfastness of cotton fabric dyed by Chungdae was increased with increasing the depth of the shade. Hue of cotton fabric showed bluish by increasing the dyeing temperature.
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