The octacosanol, primary aliphatic alcohol, has promotion of endurance as function and exists in seeds, fruits, leaves and surface of plants. The octacosanol has high melting point and is not soluble in water or alcohol. So, it is difficult to diversity the types of octacosanol for product developme...
The octacosanol, primary aliphatic alcohol, has promotion of endurance as function and exists in seeds, fruits, leaves and surface of plants. The octacosanol has high melting point and is not soluble in water or alcohol. So, it is difficult to diversity the types of octacosanol for product development, it is necessary to solubilize octacosanol because consumers want to diversity types. In this study, the octacosanol was solubilized in order to develop various applications. The octacosanol was produced to nanoemulsion by microfluidizer in order to have stability and transparency. The experiment was sequentially undertaken from formula experiment to emulsification device condition in order to find proper emulsification system. Also, stable octacosanol nanoemulsion was produced by evaluating stability on acid, salt, heating, freezing, and storage time. First, the experiments determining emulsification system were performed to produce octacosanol nanoemulsion. Grape seed oil, propylene glycol monooleate and medium chain tryglyceride which lower melting point of octacosanol was screened and was applied to emulsification. In the results, medium chain tryglyceride was selected as oil phase because it made the smallest particle. The emulsions using glycerin, fructose and sorbitol were produced to select cosurfactant and the experiment determining cosurfactant concentration was also performed. In the results, glycerin was determined as cosurfactant because it made the smallest particle and 44.8% was proper concentration. Also, the emulsions using polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monooleate and sucrose fatty acid ester with HLB similar to polyglycerin fatty acid ester were produced in order to confirm effect of surfactant types. In the results, polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monooleate and sucrose fatty acid ester did not formed emulsion. So, the determined emulsification system was as following. The octacosanol was 4%, medium chain tryglyceride was 30% as oil phase. Polyglycerin fatty acid ester was 10% as surfactant. Glycerin was 44.8% as cosurfactant and water was 11.2%. The experiments determining operational condition of microfluidizer were performed to produce octacosanol nanoemulsion. In the results, octacosanol nanoemulsion prepared at 30000 psi and 2 cycles represented the smallest particle size and the highest transparency. And then, particle size and trasmittance of octacosanol nanoemulsion was 105 nm and 86% respectively. The produced octacosanol nanoemulsion was diluted and diluted solutions were stored at 4, 25 and 40℃ during 12 weeks, and then, stability was confirmed. Also, stability on freezing and heating treatment, pH and salt concentration was confirmed. In the results, the particle size of nanoemulsion stored at 4, 25 and 40℃ during 12 weeks was 109.3, 127.0 and 115.3 nm, respectively and the sample stored at 4℃ was the most stable(p<0.05). The transmittance of nanoemulsion stored at 4 and 40℃ was maintained, however, the transmittance of nanoemulsion stored at 25℃ was decreased gradually(p<0.05). The zeta potential of all of samples was represented below -30 mV and emulsion stability index was 100%. So, it could be explained that emulsion is stable. Moreover, nanoemulsion was stable on pH 3-9 as well as 95℃ heating treatment. But, transmittance was decreased at 0.2% salt concentration or more(p<0.05). The particle size of sample treated freezing was maintained during 30 days, however, transmittance was decreased after 5 days. The octacosanol content of all of samples was maintained to initial content. The octacosanol nanoemulsion, which is not diluted, was used to storage test, and than, the samples was evaluated by particle size and transmittance. In the results, it was stable during 3 days at -20℃ and during 1 weeks at 4 and 40℃. On the other hand, it was unstable at 25℃. In this study, the octacosanol nanoemulsion which has particle size of 105 nm and transmittance of 86% was produced by microfluidizer at 30000 psi and 2 cycles. The produced nanoemulsion was stable at pH 3-9, 0.2% salt concentration and 95℃ heating treatment. This nanoemulsion was shown to be stable for 1 week. Diluted solution containing octacosanol nanoemlsion 0.5 g includes octacosanol 12 mg. This diluted solution can be stored during 12 weeks at 4℃. Because this octacosanol nanoemulsion is highly transparent, it can be applied to beverage production.
The octacosanol, primary aliphatic alcohol, has promotion of endurance as function and exists in seeds, fruits, leaves and surface of plants. The octacosanol has high melting point and is not soluble in water or alcohol. So, it is difficult to diversity the types of octacosanol for product development, it is necessary to solubilize octacosanol because consumers want to diversity types. In this study, the octacosanol was solubilized in order to develop various applications. The octacosanol was produced to nanoemulsion by microfluidizer in order to have stability and transparency. The experiment was sequentially undertaken from formula experiment to emulsification device condition in order to find proper emulsification system. Also, stable octacosanol nanoemulsion was produced by evaluating stability on acid, salt, heating, freezing, and storage time. First, the experiments determining emulsification system were performed to produce octacosanol nanoemulsion. Grape seed oil, propylene glycol monooleate and medium chain tryglyceride which lower melting point of octacosanol was screened and was applied to emulsification. In the results, medium chain tryglyceride was selected as oil phase because it made the smallest particle. The emulsions using glycerin, fructose and sorbitol were produced to select cosurfactant and the experiment determining cosurfactant concentration was also performed. In the results, glycerin was determined as cosurfactant because it made the smallest particle and 44.8% was proper concentration. Also, the emulsions using polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monooleate and sucrose fatty acid ester with HLB similar to polyglycerin fatty acid ester were produced in order to confirm effect of surfactant types. In the results, polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monooleate and sucrose fatty acid ester did not formed emulsion. So, the determined emulsification system was as following. The octacosanol was 4%, medium chain tryglyceride was 30% as oil phase. Polyglycerin fatty acid ester was 10% as surfactant. Glycerin was 44.8% as cosurfactant and water was 11.2%. The experiments determining operational condition of microfluidizer were performed to produce octacosanol nanoemulsion. In the results, octacosanol nanoemulsion prepared at 30000 psi and 2 cycles represented the smallest particle size and the highest transparency. And then, particle size and trasmittance of octacosanol nanoemulsion was 105 nm and 86% respectively. The produced octacosanol nanoemulsion was diluted and diluted solutions were stored at 4, 25 and 40℃ during 12 weeks, and then, stability was confirmed. Also, stability on freezing and heating treatment, pH and salt concentration was confirmed. In the results, the particle size of nanoemulsion stored at 4, 25 and 40℃ during 12 weeks was 109.3, 127.0 and 115.3 nm, respectively and the sample stored at 4℃ was the most stable(p<0.05). The transmittance of nanoemulsion stored at 4 and 40℃ was maintained, however, the transmittance of nanoemulsion stored at 25℃ was decreased gradually(p<0.05). The zeta potential of all of samples was represented below -30 mV and emulsion stability index was 100%. So, it could be explained that emulsion is stable. Moreover, nanoemulsion was stable on pH 3-9 as well as 95℃ heating treatment. But, transmittance was decreased at 0.2% salt concentration or more(p<0.05). The particle size of sample treated freezing was maintained during 30 days, however, transmittance was decreased after 5 days. The octacosanol content of all of samples was maintained to initial content. The octacosanol nanoemulsion, which is not diluted, was used to storage test, and than, the samples was evaluated by particle size and transmittance. In the results, it was stable during 3 days at -20℃ and during 1 weeks at 4 and 40℃. On the other hand, it was unstable at 25℃. In this study, the octacosanol nanoemulsion which has particle size of 105 nm and transmittance of 86% was produced by microfluidizer at 30000 psi and 2 cycles. The produced nanoemulsion was stable at pH 3-9, 0.2% salt concentration and 95℃ heating treatment. This nanoemulsion was shown to be stable for 1 week. Diluted solution containing octacosanol nanoemlsion 0.5 g includes octacosanol 12 mg. This diluted solution can be stored during 12 weeks at 4℃. Because this octacosanol nanoemulsion is highly transparent, it can be applied to beverage production.
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#microfluidizer octacosanol nanoemulsion
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