The development and prospect in which research on material, system, and application of batteries are discussed. The primary, seconday, and rechargeable batteries are described in terms of applications. The state-of-the-art in secondary cell batteries is introduced. Development of lithium iron phosph...
The development and prospect in which research on material, system, and application of batteries are discussed. The primary, seconday, and rechargeable batteries are described in terms of applications. The state-of-the-art in secondary cell batteries is introduced. Development of lithium iron phosphate cathode material with better safety performance and nano-scale electrode materials with higher rate performance and better cycle performance were the research focus. The improvement of anode material and electrolyte was the key to improve the safety performance of Li-ion battery. The optimization of the technologies of assembly and the balance of the batteries were the key technology to be solved for power battery. The commercialization of these batteries has been deterred by concerns of safety hazards. Approaches being pursued to resolve the safety issue include the identification of new or improved electrolytes, the use of alternative anodes, such as lithiated carbon with lower Li activity, and improved microporous separators having smaller pore size, higher porosity and “shut down” capability. The emergence of the carbon anode-based “Li ion” batteries as potentially safe systems makes it necessary to identify organic electrolytes with oxidative stability to potentials of up to 5 V vs. Li+/Li. Solid-polymer electrolyte-based solid-state batteries are being developed for a variety of military and consumer applications including electric vehicle propulsion. Solid-state batteries with performance reminiscent of their liquid electrolyte counterparts can be fabricated with the use of non-conventional polymer electrolytes. The new batteries are also development for hybrid vehicles (HV), which were invented to solve global environmental issues and to control practical use of energy sources. Batteries play a role of power unit of electric motor in HV. Panasonic EV Energy (PEVE) has developed new-prismatic nickel metal-hydride battery for HV that succeeded higher power modifying conventional materials and structures. The main improvements are the current pathway structures, which uniforms current distribution and improves high-rated discharge performance, and the positive electrode materials. High-energy, light-weight and long-life batteries are in great demand. For practical use of electric vehicles and power load leveling to cope with energy and environment problems, development of advanced batteries is indispensable. This paper describes battery characteristics such as voltage, charging, capacity, energy density, output, internal resistance, and self discharge. Such battery components are also explained as positive and negative electrode active materials, electrolyte, and separator. The components with excellent characteristics are indispensable for advanced batteries.
The development and prospect in which research on material, system, and application of batteries are discussed. The primary, seconday, and rechargeable batteries are described in terms of applications. The state-of-the-art in secondary cell batteries is introduced. Development of lithium iron phosphate cathode material with better safety performance and nano-scale electrode materials with higher rate performance and better cycle performance were the research focus. The improvement of anode material and electrolyte was the key to improve the safety performance of Li-ion battery. The optimization of the technologies of assembly and the balance of the batteries were the key technology to be solved for power battery. The commercialization of these batteries has been deterred by concerns of safety hazards. Approaches being pursued to resolve the safety issue include the identification of new or improved electrolytes, the use of alternative anodes, such as lithiated carbon with lower Li activity, and improved microporous separators having smaller pore size, higher porosity and “shut down” capability. The emergence of the carbon anode-based “Li ion” batteries as potentially safe systems makes it necessary to identify organic electrolytes with oxidative stability to potentials of up to 5 V vs. Li+/Li. Solid-polymer electrolyte-based solid-state batteries are being developed for a variety of military and consumer applications including electric vehicle propulsion. Solid-state batteries with performance reminiscent of their liquid electrolyte counterparts can be fabricated with the use of non-conventional polymer electrolytes. The new batteries are also development for hybrid vehicles (HV), which were invented to solve global environmental issues and to control practical use of energy sources. Batteries play a role of power unit of electric motor in HV. Panasonic EV Energy (PEVE) has developed new-prismatic nickel metal-hydride battery for HV that succeeded higher power modifying conventional materials and structures. The main improvements are the current pathway structures, which uniforms current distribution and improves high-rated discharge performance, and the positive electrode materials. High-energy, light-weight and long-life batteries are in great demand. For practical use of electric vehicles and power load leveling to cope with energy and environment problems, development of advanced batteries is indispensable. This paper describes battery characteristics such as voltage, charging, capacity, energy density, output, internal resistance, and self discharge. Such battery components are also explained as positive and negative electrode active materials, electrolyte, and separator. The components with excellent characteristics are indispensable for advanced batteries.
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