STUDY-2 Effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during endurance exercise PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during low-intensity endurance exercise. METHODS: Ten male students randomly received 4 different treatments: t...
STUDY-2 Effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during endurance exercise PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during low-intensity endurance exercise. METHODS: Ten male students randomly received 4 different treatments: the rice diet/exercise (RE), bread diet/exercise (BE), rice diet (RC), and bread diet (BC). On the first day, they exercised for 2 hours on the treadmill at 50% VO2max two hours after breakfast then had lunch and dinner. On the second day (recovery period), they had breakfast without exercise. Blood samples were drawn 120 min. before exercise (-120), right before exercise (E0), 60 min. (E60), 120 min. (E120) during exercise on the first day and right before diet (0), 60 min. (60), 120 min. (120), 180 min. (180) after diet on the second day. Triglyceride, Free Fat Acid (FFA), ghrelin, blood glucose, insulin, lactic acid, respiratory exchange rate, fat and carbohydrate oxidation quotient were measured. RESULTS: Triglyceride did not show significant difference in 4 different treatments on the first day but significantly decreased in RE and BE compared to RC and BC during recovery period. Free Fat Acid (FFA) significantly increased in RE and BE but did not show any difference among 4 different treatments during recovery period. Ghrelin significantly decreased in RE, BE, and 4 different treatments during recovery period and RE at the same period showed significantly higher ghrelin than any other treatment. Blood glucose did not show any significant difference in 4 treatments but BE showed significantly higher blood glucose than other treatments during recovery period. Insulin was not different in RE and BE but RE and EC showed significantly lower insulin than BE and BC on the second day. Lactic acid did not show any difference between RE and BE but significantly increased in BC compared to other treatments. During exercise, respiratory exchange rate and carbohydrate oxidation quotient significantly decreased in RC and BC. However, fat oxidation quotient significantly increased in both treatments - RC and BC - during exercise. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during low-intensity endurance exercise are as follows: Blood glucose and insulin response were more stable in rice diet than in bread diet but, triglyceride, free fat acid (FFA), and fat oxidation quotient did not show any significant difference. Rice diet showed lower triglyceride concentration than bread diet during exercise and recovery period as well as it showed a bit higher fat oxidation quotient than bread diet during exercise. Therefore, it is considered that rice diet helps lose weight when long term exercise is accompanied.STUDY-1 Effects of rice diet and bread diet on exercise performance PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of rice diet and bread diet on exercise performance during moderate-intensity endurance exercise. METHODS: Ten male students randomly received the rice diet/exercise (RE) and bread diet/exercise (BE). On the first day, they had 3 meals and the next day they exercised for 1 hour at 60% VO2max 3 hours after breakfast and then they did high-intensity endurance exercise at VO2max 75% until time to exhaustion. Blood samples were drawn before diet (0), 1 hour after diet (60), 2 hours after diet (120) on the first day and 3 hours before exercise (-180), 2 hours before exercise (-120), right before exercise (E0), 30 min. during exercise (E30), 60 min. during exercise (E60), right after all-out (A0), 15 min. after all-out (A15), and 30 min. after all-out (A30) on the second day. Blood glucose, insulin, ghrelin, lactic acid, respiratory exchange rate, fat and carbohydrate oxidation quotient and finally exercise performance were measured. RESULTS: Compared to rice diet, bread diet showed significantly higher blood glucose at 60 min. and 120 min. after the meal on the first day, and 2 hours before exercise on the second day, but it showed significantly low blood glucose right after all-out (p<.05). Insulin in BE was higher 60 min. after meal on the first day, and 2 hours before exercise, and 1 hour before exercise on the second day (p<.05). Ghrelin was significantly higher in BE 15 min. after all-out (A15) on the second day (p<.05). Lactic acid in BE was significantly higher at 60 min. after meal on the first day (p<.05), but significantly lower right after all-out(A0) and 15 min. after all-out (A15) on the second day (p<.05). Respiratory exchange rate as well as fat and carbohydrate oxidation quotient did not show any difference between RE and BE. Finally RE (456.8±58.3 sec) showed 53% higher exercise performance than BE (244.3±11.9 sec). CONCLUSIONS: To sum up the results of this study, both RE and BE showed stable blood glucose and insulin response, increase of ghrelin during moderate-intensity endurance exercise. However, RE showed higher lactic acid and lower ghrelin than BE during high-intensity endurance exercise. This can be explained by the assumption that high insulin concentration caused by bread diet resulted in increase of carbohydrate oxidation quotient while low insulin concentration and increase of ghrelin caused by rice diet resulted in decrease of carbohydrate oxidation quotient. Therefore, rice diet benefits glycogen storage and it shows more positive effects on exercise performance than bread diet.
STUDY-2 Effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during endurance exercise PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during low-intensity endurance exercise. METHODS: Ten male students randomly received 4 different treatments: the rice diet/exercise (RE), bread diet/exercise (BE), rice diet (RC), and bread diet (BC). On the first day, they exercised for 2 hours on the treadmill at 50% VO2max two hours after breakfast then had lunch and dinner. On the second day (recovery period), they had breakfast without exercise. Blood samples were drawn 120 min. before exercise (-120), right before exercise (E0), 60 min. (E60), 120 min. (E120) during exercise on the first day and right before diet (0), 60 min. (60), 120 min. (120), 180 min. (180) after diet on the second day. Triglyceride, Free Fat Acid (FFA), ghrelin, blood glucose, insulin, lactic acid, respiratory exchange rate, fat and carbohydrate oxidation quotient were measured. RESULTS: Triglyceride did not show significant difference in 4 different treatments on the first day but significantly decreased in RE and BE compared to RC and BC during recovery period. Free Fat Acid (FFA) significantly increased in RE and BE but did not show any difference among 4 different treatments during recovery period. Ghrelin significantly decreased in RE, BE, and 4 different treatments during recovery period and RE at the same period showed significantly higher ghrelin than any other treatment. Blood glucose did not show any significant difference in 4 treatments but BE showed significantly higher blood glucose than other treatments during recovery period. Insulin was not different in RE and BE but RE and EC showed significantly lower insulin than BE and BC on the second day. Lactic acid did not show any difference between RE and BE but significantly increased in BC compared to other treatments. During exercise, respiratory exchange rate and carbohydrate oxidation quotient significantly decreased in RC and BC. However, fat oxidation quotient significantly increased in both treatments - RC and BC - during exercise. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of rice diet and bread diet on lipid metabolism during low-intensity endurance exercise are as follows: Blood glucose and insulin response were more stable in rice diet than in bread diet but, triglyceride, free fat acid (FFA), and fat oxidation quotient did not show any significant difference. Rice diet showed lower triglyceride concentration than bread diet during exercise and recovery period as well as it showed a bit higher fat oxidation quotient than bread diet during exercise. Therefore, it is considered that rice diet helps lose weight when long term exercise is accompanied.STUDY-1 Effects of rice diet and bread diet on exercise performance PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of rice diet and bread diet on exercise performance during moderate-intensity endurance exercise. METHODS: Ten male students randomly received the rice diet/exercise (RE) and bread diet/exercise (BE). On the first day, they had 3 meals and the next day they exercised for 1 hour at 60% VO2max 3 hours after breakfast and then they did high-intensity endurance exercise at VO2max 75% until time to exhaustion. Blood samples were drawn before diet (0), 1 hour after diet (60), 2 hours after diet (120) on the first day and 3 hours before exercise (-180), 2 hours before exercise (-120), right before exercise (E0), 30 min. during exercise (E30), 60 min. during exercise (E60), right after all-out (A0), 15 min. after all-out (A15), and 30 min. after all-out (A30) on the second day. Blood glucose, insulin, ghrelin, lactic acid, respiratory exchange rate, fat and carbohydrate oxidation quotient and finally exercise performance were measured. RESULTS: Compared to rice diet, bread diet showed significantly higher blood glucose at 60 min. and 120 min. after the meal on the first day, and 2 hours before exercise on the second day, but it showed significantly low blood glucose right after all-out (p<.05). Insulin in BE was higher 60 min. after meal on the first day, and 2 hours before exercise, and 1 hour before exercise on the second day (p<.05). Ghrelin was significantly higher in BE 15 min. after all-out (A15) on the second day (p<.05). Lactic acid in BE was significantly higher at 60 min. after meal on the first day (p<.05), but significantly lower right after all-out(A0) and 15 min. after all-out (A15) on the second day (p<.05). Respiratory exchange rate as well as fat and carbohydrate oxidation quotient did not show any difference between RE and BE. Finally RE (456.8±58.3 sec) showed 53% higher exercise performance than BE (244.3±11.9 sec). CONCLUSIONS: To sum up the results of this study, both RE and BE showed stable blood glucose and insulin response, increase of ghrelin during moderate-intensity endurance exercise. However, RE showed higher lactic acid and lower ghrelin than BE during high-intensity endurance exercise. This can be explained by the assumption that high insulin concentration caused by bread diet resulted in increase of carbohydrate oxidation quotient while low insulin concentration and increase of ghrelin caused by rice diet resulted in decrease of carbohydrate oxidation quotient. Therefore, rice diet benefits glycogen storage and it shows more positive effects on exercise performance than bread diet.
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