Recently, social economy and the third sector are new paradigms related to local and regional development. This study aims to integrate two theories, namely, sustainable local and regional development and social enterprise, using a holistic approach. Four issues are discussed to explain social enter...
Recently, social economy and the third sector are new paradigms related to local and regional development. This study aims to integrate two theories, namely, sustainable local and regional development and social enterprise, using a holistic approach. Four issues are discussed to explain social enterprises and sustainable local and regional development: (i) restructuring and integrating theories about social enterprises and sustainable local and regional development; (ii) the relationships between the spatial characteristics of social enterprises and local and regional sustainability; (iii) the path of social innovation and the effect of sustainable value; and (iv) the role of relational assets in the impact process of social enterprises. This dissertation discusses social innovation and sustainable local and regional development using a mixed research design, survey for social enterprise, and sustainability index. In the theoretical model, the social innovation model of sustainable local and regional development is developed through the method of program theory and logic model. The empirical analysis is based on this theoretical model and uses the method of qualitative and quantitative spatial analysis, path analysis, and a structural equation model. In qualitative and quantitative spatial analysis, the geographical distribution of the social enterprise, the relationship between spatial cluster and sustainability in region, and the geographical scope of activities of social enterprise are examined. In path analysis, the path of social innovation is analyzed. In the structural equation model, the relationship of the outcome of social enterprise according to the sustainable local and regional development and relational asset are discussed. The results of dissertation are divided into seven parts. First, this study develops the theoretical model, enabling the connection of the social innovation process and sustainable local and regional development. The theoretical model proposes the social innovation process and the steps of social innovation for sustainable local and regional development. Second, the social entrepreneur mixes the sustainable values, an important factor in the realization of social enterprise. Also, as the results of path analysis, the social entrepreneur considers sustainable value important. Third, in the geographical distribution, social enterprise is concentrated in a specific region, and it is discussed as the locational condition with a sustainable status. As a result of exploratory spatial data analysis, the cluster of social enterprise exists in part of Jongno-gu, Jung-gu, Mapo-gu, and Seocho-gu. Fourth, the geographical scope of activities in social enterprise is divided into the characteristics of social entrepreneur and the condition of region. In such a type of social bricoleur, the geographical scope of social purposes is present. Fifth, the result of the social innovation process is described not as a sequential but as a parallel process. It is divided into the market-oriented path and expected changes-oriented path. In the market-oriented path, social enterprise is developed under the expected market demand and social gap to accept their goods and services. In the expected changes-oriented path, social enterprise focuses on their newly social value. Sixth, the individual, contextual, and spatial factor creates the economic outcome and social outcome through the relational asset. As the result of the structural equation model, the relational asset has the role of mediator to the economic and social outcome. It means that social enterprise contributes to the sustainable local and regional development through not only goods and services but also through the relational asset as the specification of social capital. Seventh, the result of the structural equation model shows the relationship between economic outcome and social outcome has mutual influence. In their influences, the effect of economic outcome on social outcome is larger than the opposite case. The policy implication of social enterprise is discussed in two parts. First, this study discusses the social innovation and process as one theoretical framework. Second, social enterprise is related to the spatial characteristics of social enterprise being treated with the research agenda in previous research. The next policy implication is related to sustainability. First, the regional value is considered as the one of sustainable value. In this study, the regional value was discussed according to regional capability, focusing on the spatial characteristic consisting of social, economic, and environmental value. The regional value suggests some basis to integrate economic, social, and environmental value to the practical one. Second, sustainability is related to the practical role of social enterprise to sustainable local and regional development. Through relational asset, social enterprise is the main agent of sustainable development, because the purposes of social enterprise are regarded as sustainable, and the collaboration and coordination is made naturally in the process of social innovation. Finally, the policy implication is about the strategy of local and regional development. The concept of local and regional development changed from quantitative development about economic growth to qualitative development about quality of life. Also, social enterprise contributes to sustainable local and regional development through social activities according to the perspectives of social reinvestment, reflection of regional characteristics, and formation of relational assets.
Recently, social economy and the third sector are new paradigms related to local and regional development. This study aims to integrate two theories, namely, sustainable local and regional development and social enterprise, using a holistic approach. Four issues are discussed to explain social enterprises and sustainable local and regional development: (i) restructuring and integrating theories about social enterprises and sustainable local and regional development; (ii) the relationships between the spatial characteristics of social enterprises and local and regional sustainability; (iii) the path of social innovation and the effect of sustainable value; and (iv) the role of relational assets in the impact process of social enterprises. This dissertation discusses social innovation and sustainable local and regional development using a mixed research design, survey for social enterprise, and sustainability index. In the theoretical model, the social innovation model of sustainable local and regional development is developed through the method of program theory and logic model. The empirical analysis is based on this theoretical model and uses the method of qualitative and quantitative spatial analysis, path analysis, and a structural equation model. In qualitative and quantitative spatial analysis, the geographical distribution of the social enterprise, the relationship between spatial cluster and sustainability in region, and the geographical scope of activities of social enterprise are examined. In path analysis, the path of social innovation is analyzed. In the structural equation model, the relationship of the outcome of social enterprise according to the sustainable local and regional development and relational asset are discussed. The results of dissertation are divided into seven parts. First, this study develops the theoretical model, enabling the connection of the social innovation process and sustainable local and regional development. The theoretical model proposes the social innovation process and the steps of social innovation for sustainable local and regional development. Second, the social entrepreneur mixes the sustainable values, an important factor in the realization of social enterprise. Also, as the results of path analysis, the social entrepreneur considers sustainable value important. Third, in the geographical distribution, social enterprise is concentrated in a specific region, and it is discussed as the locational condition with a sustainable status. As a result of exploratory spatial data analysis, the cluster of social enterprise exists in part of Jongno-gu, Jung-gu, Mapo-gu, and Seocho-gu. Fourth, the geographical scope of activities in social enterprise is divided into the characteristics of social entrepreneur and the condition of region. In such a type of social bricoleur, the geographical scope of social purposes is present. Fifth, the result of the social innovation process is described not as a sequential but as a parallel process. It is divided into the market-oriented path and expected changes-oriented path. In the market-oriented path, social enterprise is developed under the expected market demand and social gap to accept their goods and services. In the expected changes-oriented path, social enterprise focuses on their newly social value. Sixth, the individual, contextual, and spatial factor creates the economic outcome and social outcome through the relational asset. As the result of the structural equation model, the relational asset has the role of mediator to the economic and social outcome. It means that social enterprise contributes to the sustainable local and regional development through not only goods and services but also through the relational asset as the specification of social capital. Seventh, the result of the structural equation model shows the relationship between economic outcome and social outcome has mutual influence. In their influences, the effect of economic outcome on social outcome is larger than the opposite case. The policy implication of social enterprise is discussed in two parts. First, this study discusses the social innovation and process as one theoretical framework. Second, social enterprise is related to the spatial characteristics of social enterprise being treated with the research agenda in previous research. The next policy implication is related to sustainability. First, the regional value is considered as the one of sustainable value. In this study, the regional value was discussed according to regional capability, focusing on the spatial characteristic consisting of social, economic, and environmental value. The regional value suggests some basis to integrate economic, social, and environmental value to the practical one. Second, sustainability is related to the practical role of social enterprise to sustainable local and regional development. Through relational asset, social enterprise is the main agent of sustainable development, because the purposes of social enterprise are regarded as sustainable, and the collaboration and coordination is made naturally in the process of social innovation. Finally, the policy implication is about the strategy of local and regional development. The concept of local and regional development changed from quantitative development about economic growth to qualitative development about quality of life. Also, social enterprise contributes to sustainable local and regional development through social activities according to the perspectives of social reinvestment, reflection of regional characteristics, and formation of relational assets.
주제어
#지역개발 사회적 혁신 지속가능한 개발 사회적 기업 혼합적 연구방법론 local and regional development social innovation sustainable development social enterprise mixed methodology
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