The purpose of this treatise is to provide basic data for rational improvement of environment of street and space for growth through investigation on environment for planting street trees and condition of their growth. For such purpose this writer carried out research on growth environment of street...
The purpose of this treatise is to provide basic data for rational improvement of environment of street and space for growth through investigation on environment for planting street trees and condition of their growth. For such purpose this writer carried out research on growth environment of street trees of Gwanak-gu, Seoul above and under the ground and summary of measures for improvement is as follows. 1. Analysis of types of trees showed that there were 2,518(32.33%), platanus occidentalis, 2,261(29.04%) gingko trees, 1,482(19.02%) cherry trees and 234(3.00%) persimmon trees thus forming majority of street trees. Number of trees with height of 10m or below were 7,437(95.5%) trees. Number of trees with chest diameter in the range of 21-30cm were 4,068 trees(52.25%) and there were a few old street trees. In the old city sector there were many obstacles to environment of growth such as electric cables, billboards and piled up materials etc. and there were 4,701 trees (60.4%) and among them number of trees in good condition of growth were 4,482(57.6%) and in ordinary condition were 2,213 trees(28.4) and in poor condition were 1,093 trees(14.0%). Thus management of forms of trees appeared to be good mostly. Trees were planted along the length of 54km(17.05%) and along such length there were numerous subway car roads, tunnels and bridges etc. Accordingly there seems to be need for management plan of street trees which reflect regional characteristics, natural environment, road conditions and opinion of residents of the area. 2. With regard to status of installation tree protection plates among 29 in total it was completed 100% at 8 routes except 10 routes where horizontal green belts are installed. Except horizontal green belt among 3,749 street trees at 19 routes 2,973 trees(79.3%) were installed with protection plates showing relatively low rate. Result of analysis of earth at area where street trees were planted showed that at places where no tree protection plates were installed there seemed to be poor distribution of water due to trapping. 3. When streets of Gwanak-gu is analysed on the basis of patterns of streets(7th type) and characteristics of streets most numerous one was ordinary street for living with 18 routes and commercial streets with 6 routes, business street with one route, street in the vicinity of residential area with 1 route and street of urban ecological network with 2 routes. There was no street for history/landscape and street with focus on vehicles accordingly it appears that there is need for management plan according to patterns of street. 4. Result of analyzing vitality of tree types showed that good at 10 spots(34.5%) among main tree types at 29 routes, ordinary 18(62.0%) spots and poor at 1 spot(3.5%) thus generally good. Such result seemed to stem from the fact that time for measuring was when trees had robust metabolism so measures for management are required. 5. Result of measuring fertility of earth at streets for commercial and business activity and at streets for general living and for ecological network showed that significant probability of Mg among substitutive positive ion was 0.01 which was lower than 0.05 thus there was statistically significant difference. It appeared that there was no difference in level of fertility depending on street patterns because pH, organic element, K, Ca, Mg, Na, nutrition preservation density and level of saturation of chemical base was bigger than 0.05 in terms of significant probability on the basis of old city sector and urban center. 6. With regard to hardness of earth hardness index of average earth of commercial and business street was 21.5mm for the area where protective plate was installed and for area without such installation it was 35.5mm. Earth hardness index of average earth of general life and ecological network street was 24.5mm for the area where protective plate was installed and for area without such installation it was 29.2mm. Also in connection with hardness index significant probability for commercial and business streets and general life and ecological network street was .741 which is bigger than 0.05 accordingly no difference was shown depending on patterns of streets because it was possible to confirm no significant difference statistically. 7. With regard to horizontal green belts among 29 routes there was such belts established at 10 sports routes(34.5%). As for 19 spots(65.5%) routes remaining for places where forming it is possible horizontal green belts are being formed gradually. In future there should be improvement in growth environment by installing horizontal greenbelts positively more actively and filling in earth at a level 5cm lower than boundary stone to prevent outflow of earth at the time of making it. Height of boundary stones should be made flush to base surface of pedestrian way and at side of flower bed some inclination be provided to expedite inflow of rain water to improve environment for growth. 8. For building up persistent management system there is need for preparation of detailed status through strengthening conditions for environment for planting trees, planting and management in consideration of ecological condition of surrounding land, application of system of real name for civic management and building up database for management data. Through establishment of systematic greenbelt network system with map of detailed status per street tree is required and there should be improving management system by using Geological Information System(GIS).
The purpose of this treatise is to provide basic data for rational improvement of environment of street and space for growth through investigation on environment for planting street trees and condition of their growth. For such purpose this writer carried out research on growth environment of street trees of Gwanak-gu, Seoul above and under the ground and summary of measures for improvement is as follows. 1. Analysis of types of trees showed that there were 2,518(32.33%), platanus occidentalis, 2,261(29.04%) gingko trees, 1,482(19.02%) cherry trees and 234(3.00%) persimmon trees thus forming majority of street trees. Number of trees with height of 10m or below were 7,437(95.5%) trees. Number of trees with chest diameter in the range of 21-30cm were 4,068 trees(52.25%) and there were a few old street trees. In the old city sector there were many obstacles to environment of growth such as electric cables, billboards and piled up materials etc. and there were 4,701 trees (60.4%) and among them number of trees in good condition of growth were 4,482(57.6%) and in ordinary condition were 2,213 trees(28.4) and in poor condition were 1,093 trees(14.0%). Thus management of forms of trees appeared to be good mostly. Trees were planted along the length of 54km(17.05%) and along such length there were numerous subway car roads, tunnels and bridges etc. Accordingly there seems to be need for management plan of street trees which reflect regional characteristics, natural environment, road conditions and opinion of residents of the area. 2. With regard to status of installation tree protection plates among 29 in total it was completed 100% at 8 routes except 10 routes where horizontal green belts are installed. Except horizontal green belt among 3,749 street trees at 19 routes 2,973 trees(79.3%) were installed with protection plates showing relatively low rate. Result of analysis of earth at area where street trees were planted showed that at places where no tree protection plates were installed there seemed to be poor distribution of water due to trapping. 3. When streets of Gwanak-gu is analysed on the basis of patterns of streets(7th type) and characteristics of streets most numerous one was ordinary street for living with 18 routes and commercial streets with 6 routes, business street with one route, street in the vicinity of residential area with 1 route and street of urban ecological network with 2 routes. There was no street for history/landscape and street with focus on vehicles accordingly it appears that there is need for management plan according to patterns of street. 4. Result of analyzing vitality of tree types showed that good at 10 spots(34.5%) among main tree types at 29 routes, ordinary 18(62.0%) spots and poor at 1 spot(3.5%) thus generally good. Such result seemed to stem from the fact that time for measuring was when trees had robust metabolism so measures for management are required. 5. Result of measuring fertility of earth at streets for commercial and business activity and at streets for general living and for ecological network showed that significant probability of Mg among substitutive positive ion was 0.01 which was lower than 0.05 thus there was statistically significant difference. It appeared that there was no difference in level of fertility depending on street patterns because pH, organic element, K, Ca, Mg, Na, nutrition preservation density and level of saturation of chemical base was bigger than 0.05 in terms of significant probability on the basis of old city sector and urban center. 6. With regard to hardness of earth hardness index of average earth of commercial and business street was 21.5mm for the area where protective plate was installed and for area without such installation it was 35.5mm. Earth hardness index of average earth of general life and ecological network street was 24.5mm for the area where protective plate was installed and for area without such installation it was 29.2mm. Also in connection with hardness index significant probability for commercial and business streets and general life and ecological network street was .741 which is bigger than 0.05 accordingly no difference was shown depending on patterns of streets because it was possible to confirm no significant difference statistically. 7. With regard to horizontal green belts among 29 routes there was such belts established at 10 sports routes(34.5%). As for 19 spots(65.5%) routes remaining for places where forming it is possible horizontal green belts are being formed gradually. In future there should be improvement in growth environment by installing horizontal greenbelts positively more actively and filling in earth at a level 5cm lower than boundary stone to prevent outflow of earth at the time of making it. Height of boundary stones should be made flush to base surface of pedestrian way and at side of flower bed some inclination be provided to expedite inflow of rain water to improve environment for growth. 8. For building up persistent management system there is need for preparation of detailed status through strengthening conditions for environment for planting trees, planting and management in consideration of ecological condition of surrounding land, application of system of real name for civic management and building up database for management data. Through establishment of systematic greenbelt network system with map of detailed status per street tree is required and there should be improving management system by using Geological Information System(GIS).
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