Polyester based HMAs are solvent-free thermoplastic solid which are characteristically solid at low temperature, low viscous fluids at high temperatures, and rapidly set upon cooling with good thermal stability and weather and moisture resistance comparing to others. In this reason, polyester based ...
Polyester based HMAs are solvent-free thermoplastic solid which are characteristically solid at low temperature, low viscous fluids at high temperatures, and rapidly set upon cooling with good thermal stability and weather and moisture resistance comparing to others. In this reason, polyester based HMAs are used in a variety of manufacturing processes including packing, binding, product assembly, heat sealing as a fibers, powders or film forms. In recent year, as laser printers have become more commonly used and demanded higher speed as well as fine image, printer toner also has been increasing and more demanding on the polyester HMAs. Laser printer toner should rapidly melt on substrate without thermal roller contamination under the printer fusing. To meet the demand, toner binder should have low melt viscosity and high melt elasticity at the same time under high temperature. There are various copolyesters have been developed in order to achieve this property. These copolyesters are prepared with glycol or acid derivatives as a comonomer and trimethylol propane, glycerol, trimellitic acid are used as a branching agent for improvement of printing fusing properties. However, these copolyesters are restricted to perform a thermal press roller process like laser printing system, because of contamination on the roller surface due to a lack of elasticity. Although the elasticity of these copolyesters could be improved by a branching agent during melt polymerization, it has insufficient properties for a thermal press roller process From such a view point, HPP based branched copolyesters and PPDI chain extended copolyesters were carried out to improve low viscosity and melt elasticity which is most important characteristic of laser printer process. In Chapter 2, The linear and branched copolyester was synthesized from DMT, two kinds of diol and multifunctional compounds such as 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)propane(HPP), ethylene glycol, and trimethylol propane or pentaerythritol(PER) or glycerol or trimellitic anhydride. The HPP, as a monomer, decreased PET crystal and made amorphous co-PET with 30 mol% over and contributed to excellent low melt viscosity with high Tg. As a trifuctional group branching agent, TMP enhanced melt viscosity and elasticity. I.V, Mn and MWD values of the copolyester increased by incorporation of TMP. M.I and T1/2, also greatly improved by TMP increment. The rheological behaviors of the branched copolyesters had changed from Newtonian to power low fluid through molecular weight increasing and the highly branching network structure by TMP. The modified Cole-Cole plots revealed that the branched copolyester showed higher elasticity than the linear copolyester. Among the branching agent, Tetra function PER and Tri function TMA showed the noticeable rheology results. In Chapter 3, The branched copolyester was synthesized from DMT, two kinds of diol and triol compounds such as 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl)propane, ethylene glycol, and trimethylol propane. TMP branched copolyester reacted with p-phenylenediisocyanate (PPDI) through the reactive extrusion for enhancement of melt viscosity and elasticity. The molecular weight of the chain extended copolyester increased through the addition of PPDI. The thermal properties of copolyester could be greatly improved with this reactive extrusion method, especially T1/2, of the chain extended copolyester. The rheological behaviors had changed more power law fluid by PPDI increment through the long-chain branching and polymeric melt containing sparsely distributed weak gel-like structures. The modified cole-cole plots revealed that the chain-extended copolyester showed higher elasticity than the unreacted copolyester. In Chapter 4, 2 kinds of Toner, based commercialized branched copoly ester(A) and PPDI chain extended copolyester(B), were manufactured through toner manufacturing equipment and investigated to confirm toner characteristic. All of toners showed good storage stability with similar mean particle size(A: 9.40μm, B: 9.25μm) and Q/M value(A: -35.9μC/g, B: -30.8 μC/g). In fusing properties printing test, Toner B showed 140℃ which was lower 5℃ than Toner A but, recorded 190℃ which was higher 15℃ than Toner A. Toner B had 20℃ wider offset range than Toner A. As a result, the toner containing high gel network due to PPDI gives excellent wide fusing ability. It is verified that the printing characteristic of toner is closely related to binder characteristic, specially, fusing ability can be developed through modification of binder structure like a long-chain branching and polymeric melt containing sparsely distributed weak gel-like.
Polyester based HMAs are solvent-free thermoplastic solid which are characteristically solid at low temperature, low viscous fluids at high temperatures, and rapidly set upon cooling with good thermal stability and weather and moisture resistance comparing to others. In this reason, polyester based HMAs are used in a variety of manufacturing processes including packing, binding, product assembly, heat sealing as a fibers, powders or film forms. In recent year, as laser printers have become more commonly used and demanded higher speed as well as fine image, printer toner also has been increasing and more demanding on the polyester HMAs. Laser printer toner should rapidly melt on substrate without thermal roller contamination under the printer fusing. To meet the demand, toner binder should have low melt viscosity and high melt elasticity at the same time under high temperature. There are various copolyesters have been developed in order to achieve this property. These copolyesters are prepared with glycol or acid derivatives as a comonomer and trimethylol propane, glycerol, trimellitic acid are used as a branching agent for improvement of printing fusing properties. However, these copolyesters are restricted to perform a thermal press roller process like laser printing system, because of contamination on the roller surface due to a lack of elasticity. Although the elasticity of these copolyesters could be improved by a branching agent during melt polymerization, it has insufficient properties for a thermal press roller process From such a view point, HPP based branched copolyesters and PPDI chain extended copolyesters were carried out to improve low viscosity and melt elasticity which is most important characteristic of laser printer process. In Chapter 2, The linear and branched copolyester was synthesized from DMT, two kinds of diol and multifunctional compounds such as 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)propane(HPP), ethylene glycol, and trimethylol propane or pentaerythritol(PER) or glycerol or trimellitic anhydride. The HPP, as a monomer, decreased PET crystal and made amorphous co-PET with 30 mol% over and contributed to excellent low melt viscosity with high Tg. As a trifuctional group branching agent, TMP enhanced melt viscosity and elasticity. I.V, Mn and MWD values of the copolyester increased by incorporation of TMP. M.I and T1/2, also greatly improved by TMP increment. The rheological behaviors of the branched copolyesters had changed from Newtonian to power low fluid through molecular weight increasing and the highly branching network structure by TMP. The modified Cole-Cole plots revealed that the branched copolyester showed higher elasticity than the linear copolyester. Among the branching agent, Tetra function PER and Tri function TMA showed the noticeable rheology results. In Chapter 3, The branched copolyester was synthesized from DMT, two kinds of diol and triol compounds such as 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl)propane, ethylene glycol, and trimethylol propane. TMP branched copolyester reacted with p-phenylenediisocyanate (PPDI) through the reactive extrusion for enhancement of melt viscosity and elasticity. The molecular weight of the chain extended copolyester increased through the addition of PPDI. The thermal properties of copolyester could be greatly improved with this reactive extrusion method, especially T1/2, of the chain extended copolyester. The rheological behaviors had changed more power law fluid by PPDI increment through the long-chain branching and polymeric melt containing sparsely distributed weak gel-like structures. The modified cole-cole plots revealed that the chain-extended copolyester showed higher elasticity than the unreacted copolyester. In Chapter 4, 2 kinds of Toner, based commercialized branched copoly ester(A) and PPDI chain extended copolyester(B), were manufactured through toner manufacturing equipment and investigated to confirm toner characteristic. All of toners showed good storage stability with similar mean particle size(A: 9.40μm, B: 9.25μm) and Q/M value(A: -35.9μC/g, B: -30.8 μC/g). In fusing properties printing test, Toner B showed 140℃ which was lower 5℃ than Toner A but, recorded 190℃ which was higher 15℃ than Toner A. Toner B had 20℃ wider offset range than Toner A. As a result, the toner containing high gel network due to PPDI gives excellent wide fusing ability. It is verified that the printing characteristic of toner is closely related to binder characteristic, specially, fusing ability can be developed through modification of binder structure like a long-chain branching and polymeric melt containing sparsely distributed weak gel-like.
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#레이저프린터 PET 핫멜트 토너 변성 폴리에스테르
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