Acarapis mites including Acarapis woodi, A. externus, and A. dorsalis are parasites of bees which can cause severe damages on bee industry by decreasing honey production, destroying colonies and decreasing pollination. All three species of the genus are distributed throughout many countries includin...
Acarapis mites including Acarapis woodi, A. externus, and A. dorsalis are parasites of bees which can cause severe damages on bee industry by decreasing honey production, destroying colonies and decreasing pollination. All three species of the genus are distributed throughout many countries including European and American continents, Iran, Turkey, China and Japan. Based on the previous reports of Acarapis spp. occurring in northeast Asia, it is hypothesized that the mites are also present in Korea. Therefore, we investigated a survey of Acarapis mite infestations in honey bees in Korean apiaries. A total of 99 colonies of Apis Mellifera were sampled from 82 apiaries in five provinces (Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungcheong, Gyeongsang and Jeonla). The head and thorax of 20 bees from each hives were used for DNA extraction. Total DNA was performed by PCR assays with following primer sets including T, A and K primer sets. T primer set amplifies a honey bee genomic DNA fragment encoding a part of AmHsTRPA gene. A and K primer sets amplify mitochondria Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA fragments of Acarapis mites. The PCR products amplified with T&A or T&K primer sets were sequenced and aligned with the sequences available in Genbank. To confirm the presence of Acarapis mites, a total of 20 bees per each colony were examined with a Modified dissection method developed by Lorenzen and Gary (1986). As a result, 42.4% (46/99) samples were Acarapis-positive by PCR assay and sequenced to identify their species. Each sequence showed 92.6 to 99.3% homology with reference sequences. Based on the homology (98 - 100%), the number of colonies infected with A. dorsalis was 32 which showed the most high infection rate among the three species, while the number of colonies infected with A. externus and A. woodi was 9 and 1, respectively. In microscopic examination, however, no Acarapis mites were detected although foreign bodies which assumed the mite and some debris were found from some colonies including the A. woodi-positive colony. This result could be explained that all apiaries in the survey used in-house type acaricides against bee mites such as Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps clareae which also affected against Acarapis spp and therefore only dead bodies of the mites or debris might have remained. Based on this study, it is highly probable that Acarapis spp as well as Varroa and Tropilaelaps could also be prevailing in Korean apiaries.
Acarapis mites including Acarapis woodi, A. externus, and A. dorsalis are parasites of bees which can cause severe damages on bee industry by decreasing honey production, destroying colonies and decreasing pollination. All three species of the genus are distributed throughout many countries including European and American continents, Iran, Turkey, China and Japan. Based on the previous reports of Acarapis spp. occurring in northeast Asia, it is hypothesized that the mites are also present in Korea. Therefore, we investigated a survey of Acarapis mite infestations in honey bees in Korean apiaries. A total of 99 colonies of Apis Mellifera were sampled from 82 apiaries in five provinces (Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Chungcheong, Gyeongsang and Jeonla). The head and thorax of 20 bees from each hives were used for DNA extraction. Total DNA was performed by PCR assays with following primer sets including T, A and K primer sets. T primer set amplifies a honey bee genomic DNA fragment encoding a part of AmHsTRPA gene. A and K primer sets amplify mitochondria Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA fragments of Acarapis mites. The PCR products amplified with T&A or T&K primer sets were sequenced and aligned with the sequences available in Genbank. To confirm the presence of Acarapis mites, a total of 20 bees per each colony were examined with a Modified dissection method developed by Lorenzen and Gary (1986). As a result, 42.4% (46/99) samples were Acarapis-positive by PCR assay and sequenced to identify their species. Each sequence showed 92.6 to 99.3% homology with reference sequences. Based on the homology (98 - 100%), the number of colonies infected with A. dorsalis was 32 which showed the most high infection rate among the three species, while the number of colonies infected with A. externus and A. woodi was 9 and 1, respectively. In microscopic examination, however, no Acarapis mites were detected although foreign bodies which assumed the mite and some debris were found from some colonies including the A. woodi-positive colony. This result could be explained that all apiaries in the survey used in-house type acaricides against bee mites such as Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps clareae which also affected against Acarapis spp and therefore only dead bodies of the mites or debris might have remained. Based on this study, it is highly probable that Acarapis spp as well as Varroa and Tropilaelaps could also be prevailing in Korean apiaries.
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