서울 양재천 하천숲 조성에 의한 야생조류 서식특성 변화 연구(2003~2015) The Change of Wild Bird Habitat Characteristics According to Seoul Yangjaecheon(Stream) Riparian Forest Construction(2003∼2015)원문보기
본 연구는 도시하천 하천숲 조성이 야생조류 서식구조에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 도시하천 야생조류 서식처 기능 개선방안을 제안하고자 서울 양재천을 대상으로 연구하였다. 하천숲을 위한 식재현황과 현존식생 조사와 계절별, 구간별, 하천횡단면구조별, 길드별 야생조류 출현현황을 분석하여 하천숲 전·후 야생조류 서식구조 변화, 현존식생과 야생조류 관계를 분석하였다. 서울 양재천은 행정구역별로 강남구와 서초구로 나눠져 있으며, 독립적인 하천관리로 상이한 식생경관을 이루고 있다. 자연형하천복원 이후 강남구 구간은 2003년 양재천 등 강남구 공원녹지 연결체계 구축 기본계획 수립 후 2003년부터 2014까지 교목 2,371주, 관목 43,320주, 초본류 112,380본 등을 식재하였으며, 현존식생은 조경수식재지(교목) 23.4%, 자생습지초본 20.7%, 조경수식재지(관목) 7.6%, 자생습지목본 5.7%이었다. 서초구 구간은 2007년 양재천 업그레이드사업 기본계획 수립 후 2007년부터 2014년까지 교목 181주, 관목 29,622주, 초본류 129,268본, 식생매트 31,924㎡ 등을 식재하였다. 현존식생 유형은 자생습지초본 20.4%, 자생건조초본 9.6%, 조경수식재지(교목) 4.3%, 외래종초본 5.0%이었다. 전반적으로 강남구 구간은 제방사면이 ...
본 연구는 도시하천 하천숲 조성이 야생조류 서식구조에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 도시하천 야생조류 서식처 기능 개선방안을 제안하고자 서울 양재천을 대상으로 연구하였다. 하천숲을 위한 식재현황과 현존식생 조사와 계절별, 구간별, 하천횡단면구조별, 길드별 야생조류 출현현황을 분석하여 하천숲 전·후 야생조류 서식구조 변화, 현존식생과 야생조류 관계를 분석하였다. 서울 양재천은 행정구역별로 강남구와 서초구로 나눠져 있으며, 독립적인 하천관리로 상이한 식생경관을 이루고 있다. 자연형하천복원 이후 강남구 구간은 2003년 양재천 등 강남구 공원녹지 연결체계 구축 기본계획 수립 후 2003년부터 2014까지 교목 2,371주, 관목 43,320주, 초본류 112,380본 등을 식재하였으며, 현존식생은 조경수식재지(교목) 23.4%, 자생습지초본 20.7%, 조경수식재지(관목) 7.6%, 자생습지목본 5.7%이었다. 서초구 구간은 2007년 양재천 업그레이드사업 기본계획 수립 후 2007년부터 2014년까지 교목 181주, 관목 29,622주, 초본류 129,268본, 식생매트 31,924㎡ 등을 식재하였다. 현존식생 유형은 자생습지초본 20.4%, 자생건조초본 9.6%, 조경수식재지(교목) 4.3%, 외래종초본 5.0%이었다. 전반적으로 강남구 구간은 제방사면이 다층구조의 식생을 이루고 있었고 서초구 구간은 제방사면보다 둔치가 다층식생구조를 이루고 있었다. 야생조류는 봄철, 여름철, 가을철, 겨울철 등 사계절을 조사하였다. 강남구 구간 야생조류 출현 종수 및 개체수는 봄철 16종 136개체, 여름철 19종 430개체, 가을철 17종 138개체, 겨울철 28종 273이었다. 겨울철에 가장 많은 종이 출현하였고, 영동3교에서 영동5교 구간과 대치교에서 탄천합류부 구간이 산새류와 물새류의 종다양도가 높았다. 서초구 구간은 봄철 11종 77개체, 여름철 8종 35개체, 가을철 6종 50개체, 겨울철 14종 190개체가 출현하였으며, 출현종 개체수가 적고 단순한 종이 출현하였지만 무지개다리에서 우면교 사이는 물새류가 다양하게 출현하였다. 하천숲 전·후 야생조류 출현변화는 강남구 구간이 하천숲 이전 물새류가 9종 49개체이고, 산새류가 7종 29개체이었다. 하천숲 이후는 물새류 6종 35개체, 산새류 8종 182개체가 출현하여 물새류는 감소하고 산새류는 증가하였다. 쇠물닭, 물총새, 오색딱따구리, 청딱따구리가 신규 출현하였고, 깝짝도요, 노랑할미새, 개개비, 중대백로는 출현하지 않았다. 서초구 구간은 하천숲 이전 물새류가 2종 4개체, 산새류가 8종 92개체가 출현하였고, 조성 이후 물새류 7종 28개체, 산새류 3종 71개체가 출현하여 물새류가 증가한 반면 산새류는 감소하였다. 논병아리, 청둥오리, 중대백로, 삑삑도요, 백할미새가 신규 출현하고 쇠딱따구리, 쇠박새, 박새, 밭종다리는 출현하지 않았다. 하천숲 조성과 야생조류 서식특성 관계는 서울 양재천 강남구 구간이 제방사면 교목이 수간층, 수관층, 관목층의 층위구조를 이루면서 하천변을 따라 수림대를 형성하였다. 대표적 산림성 조류인 딱따구리류가 신규 출현하고 박새류 개체수가 증가하였다. 수변부에서 물총새가 신규 출현하였다. 서초구 구간은 제방사면이 관목과 초본 위주의 식생대이고 둔치는 자생습지목본으로 인해 제방사면보다는 다층식생구조를 이루고 있었다. 서초구 구간은 출현종이 단순하고 개체수가 적었으며, 특히 산새류의 출현이 극히 낮았다. 하지만 무지개다리에서 우면교 사이는 오리류, 백로류, 섭금류 등 물새류가 다양하게 출현하여 물새류에 서식에 알맞은 조건을 갖춘 것으로 판단되었다. 하천숲 조성 이후 강남구 구간은 제방사면이 다층식생구조로 변화하여 산새류 증가에 영향을 미쳤으며, 물새류는 하천숲 이전 탄천합류부에 한정하여 출현한 경향이 있었으나 하천숲 이후 전구간 고르게 출현하였다. 서초구 구간은 제방사면이 관목과 초본류로 변화하여 수간과 수관층을 이용하는 산새류 감소에 영향을 미쳤으며, 둔치는 초본류와 자생습지목본이 제방사면보다 다층구조를 이루고 있어 물새류 증가에 영향을 미쳤으리라 판단되었다. 따라서 하천숲 조성에 의한 다층식생 구조가 산새류와 물새류 서식구조에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으리라 판단되었다. 서울 양재천 야생조류 서식구조 향상을 위한 개선방안으로 산새류 서식구조 향상을 위해 제방사면에 층위구조가 있는 수림대 형성을 제안하였고, 물총새 서식처와 은신처 제공을 위해 수변부와 둔치에 자생습지목본 식재, 수면에 모래·자갈톱 형성, 여울과 소를 위한 위한 다양한 미세서식지 조성을 제시하였다.
본 연구는 도시하천 하천숲 조성이 야생조류 서식구조에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 도시하천 야생조류 서식처 기능 개선방안을 제안하고자 서울 양재천을 대상으로 연구하였다. 하천숲을 위한 식재현황과 현존식생 조사와 계절별, 구간별, 하천횡단면구조별, 길드별 야생조류 출현현황을 분석하여 하천숲 전·후 야생조류 서식구조 변화, 현존식생과 야생조류 관계를 분석하였다. 서울 양재천은 행정구역별로 강남구와 서초구로 나눠져 있으며, 독립적인 하천관리로 상이한 식생경관을 이루고 있다. 자연형하천복원 이후 강남구 구간은 2003년 양재천 등 강남구 공원녹지 연결체계 구축 기본계획 수립 후 2003년부터 2014까지 교목 2,371주, 관목 43,320주, 초본류 112,380본 등을 식재하였으며, 현존식생은 조경수식재지(교목) 23.4%, 자생습지초본 20.7%, 조경수식재지(관목) 7.6%, 자생습지목본 5.7%이었다. 서초구 구간은 2007년 양재천 업그레이드사업 기본계획 수립 후 2007년부터 2014년까지 교목 181주, 관목 29,622주, 초본류 129,268본, 식생매트 31,924㎡ 등을 식재하였다. 현존식생 유형은 자생습지초본 20.4%, 자생건조초본 9.6%, 조경수식재지(교목) 4.3%, 외래종초본 5.0%이었다. 전반적으로 강남구 구간은 제방사면이 다층구조의 식생을 이루고 있었고 서초구 구간은 제방사면보다 둔치가 다층식생구조를 이루고 있었다. 야생조류는 봄철, 여름철, 가을철, 겨울철 등 사계절을 조사하였다. 강남구 구간 야생조류 출현 종수 및 개체수는 봄철 16종 136개체, 여름철 19종 430개체, 가을철 17종 138개체, 겨울철 28종 273이었다. 겨울철에 가장 많은 종이 출현하였고, 영동3교에서 영동5교 구간과 대치교에서 탄천합류부 구간이 산새류와 물새류의 종다양도가 높았다. 서초구 구간은 봄철 11종 77개체, 여름철 8종 35개체, 가을철 6종 50개체, 겨울철 14종 190개체가 출현하였으며, 출현종 개체수가 적고 단순한 종이 출현하였지만 무지개다리에서 우면교 사이는 물새류가 다양하게 출현하였다. 하천숲 전·후 야생조류 출현변화는 강남구 구간이 하천숲 이전 물새류가 9종 49개체이고, 산새류가 7종 29개체이었다. 하천숲 이후는 물새류 6종 35개체, 산새류 8종 182개체가 출현하여 물새류는 감소하고 산새류는 증가하였다. 쇠물닭, 물총새, 오색딱따구리, 청딱따구리가 신규 출현하였고, 깝짝도요, 노랑할미새, 개개비, 중대백로는 출현하지 않았다. 서초구 구간은 하천숲 이전 물새류가 2종 4개체, 산새류가 8종 92개체가 출현하였고, 조성 이후 물새류 7종 28개체, 산새류 3종 71개체가 출현하여 물새류가 증가한 반면 산새류는 감소하였다. 논병아리, 청둥오리, 중대백로, 삑삑도요, 백할미새가 신규 출현하고 쇠딱따구리, 쇠박새, 박새, 밭종다리는 출현하지 않았다. 하천숲 조성과 야생조류 서식특성 관계는 서울 양재천 강남구 구간이 제방사면 교목이 수간층, 수관층, 관목층의 층위구조를 이루면서 하천변을 따라 수림대를 형성하였다. 대표적 산림성 조류인 딱따구리류가 신규 출현하고 박새류 개체수가 증가하였다. 수변부에서 물총새가 신규 출현하였다. 서초구 구간은 제방사면이 관목과 초본 위주의 식생대이고 둔치는 자생습지목본으로 인해 제방사면보다는 다층식생구조를 이루고 있었다. 서초구 구간은 출현종이 단순하고 개체수가 적었으며, 특히 산새류의 출현이 극히 낮았다. 하지만 무지개다리에서 우면교 사이는 오리류, 백로류, 섭금류 등 물새류가 다양하게 출현하여 물새류에 서식에 알맞은 조건을 갖춘 것으로 판단되었다. 하천숲 조성 이후 강남구 구간은 제방사면이 다층식생구조로 변화하여 산새류 증가에 영향을 미쳤으며, 물새류는 하천숲 이전 탄천합류부에 한정하여 출현한 경향이 있었으나 하천숲 이후 전구간 고르게 출현하였다. 서초구 구간은 제방사면이 관목과 초본류로 변화하여 수간과 수관층을 이용하는 산새류 감소에 영향을 미쳤으며, 둔치는 초본류와 자생습지목본이 제방사면보다 다층구조를 이루고 있어 물새류 증가에 영향을 미쳤으리라 판단되었다. 따라서 하천숲 조성에 의한 다층식생 구조가 산새류와 물새류 서식구조에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으리라 판단되었다. 서울 양재천 야생조류 서식구조 향상을 위한 개선방안으로 산새류 서식구조 향상을 위해 제방사면에 층위구조가 있는 수림대 형성을 제안하였고, 물총새 서식처와 은신처 제공을 위해 수변부와 둔치에 자생습지목본 식재, 수면에 모래·자갈톱 형성, 여울과 소를 위한 위한 다양한 미세서식지 조성을 제시하였다.
This study is conducted on Yangjaecheon River in Seoul to shed light on impacts that the creation of a forest in the urban river could have on wild birds’ habitats and to suggest a way to improve the function of habitats for the birds residing in the urban river. To this end, a variety of analyses h...
This study is conducted on Yangjaecheon River in Seoul to shed light on impacts that the creation of a forest in the urban river could have on wild birds’ habitats and to suggest a way to improve the function of habitats for the birds residing in the urban river. To this end, a variety of analyses have been conducted on planting status and existing vegetation for the river forest; the birds’ appearance by a guild and their inhabitation characteristics according to seasons, segments and the river’s cross-sectional structure; a change in wild birds’ habitat structure before and after formation of the river forest; and relationship between the existing vegetation and wild birds. Yangjeachoen River in Seoul is situated in both Gangnam-Gu and Seocho-Gu in terms of administrative zoning. Because of independent river management in each district, the vegetation landscape is quite a different from each other. After creating a basic plan to establish a system to connect green parks throughout Gangnam including Yangjaechon River in 2003, the authority planted as many as 2,371 trees, 43,320 shrubs and 112,380 plants from 2003 to 2014 at Gangnam district since the river’s restoration to regain its original nature. The current vegetation is formed with 23.4% of landscaping trees, 20.7% of naturally-grown plants in wetlands, 7.6% of landscaping shrubs and 5.7% of naturally-grown woody plants in swamps. Meanwhile, the authority in Seocho planted 181 trees, 29,622 shrubs, 129,268 plants and a vegetation mat of 31,924㎡ from 2007 to 2014 after devising a basic plan to upgrade Yangjaecheon River in 2007. Now, its vegetation is composed of 20.4% of naturally-grown plants in wetlands, 9.6% of naturally-grown plants, 4.3% of landscaping trees and 5.0% of foreign plants. In overall, Gangnam has multiple-layered vegetation on the slope of the bank while such multi-layered vegetation is seen on the riverside rather than the bank slope in Seocho. Research has been conducted on wild birds throughout four seasons like spring, summer, autumn and winter. The types and population of the birds appeared in Gangnam district stood at 136 in 16 species for spring, 430 in 19 species for summer, 138 in 17 species during autumn and 273 in 28 species for winter. The largest number of wild birds appeared during winter season and various species of mountain birds and water birds were spotted from areas from Yeongdong 3 Bridge to 5 Bridge and from Daechi Bridge to Tancheon Junction. At Seocho district, on the other hand, 77 birds in 11 species appeared during spring with 35 birds in eight species for summer, 50 birds in six species for fall and 190 birds in 14 species during winter. Although the population and species in appearance are small and simple, various species of water birds were seen from Mujigae Bridge to Umyeongyo Bridge. There has been a change in the number of waterfowl and mountain birds spotted at Gangnam district after the formation of the river forest in comparison to the period without any river forest. Waterfowl whose number had been once 49 in nine species decreased to 35 in six species while 29 mountain birds in seven species increased to 182 in eight species in the aftermath of the creation of the river forest. Moorhens, common Indian kingfishers, great spotted woodpeckers and grey-headed woodpeckers have newly appeared whereas common sandpipers, Eastern gray wagtails, reed warblers and great egrets have no longer been seen. A change has been noticed in Seocho district as well. The number of waterfowl and mountain birds which used to make appearance before the river forest stood at four in two species and 92 in eight species respectively. Since the formation of the forest, the population of water birds has risen to 28 in seven species while that of mountain birds has been on a decrease to 71 in three species. Although little grebes, mallards, great egrets, green sandpipers and black-backed wagtails have made new appearance, Japanese pygmy woodpeckers, black-capped chickadees, great tilts and water pipits have disappeared. To briefly describe the correlation between the creation of the river forest and its impact on habitats of wild birds, trees on the bank slop at Gangnam have formed a layered structure such tiers as tree trunk, crown, and bushes, creating a forest belt along the riverside. Woodpeckers, the flagship forest birds, have newly appeared while the population of great tilts has been on an increase. On the waterside, common Indian kingfishers have been spotted for the first time. As for Seocho district, its vegetation is mainly formed with trees and plants on the bank slope while the riverside has more multi-layered vegetation than the bank slope due to naturally-grown woody plants in wetlands. In this district, the species and population of wild birds spotted have been simple and small. Especially, mountain birds have made extremely rare appearance. However, it has been regarded that the section from Mujigae Bridge to Umyeongyo Bridge has the adequate environment for waterfowl’s habitats since various species of water birds such as ducks, egrets and wading birds have appeared. Since the formation of the river forest, vegetation of the bank slope at Gangnam district has changed into multi-layered structure, leading to an increase in mountain birds. Waterfowl which used to appear mainly at Tancheon Junction prior to the river forest tends to be seen throughout the entire river after the creation of the river forest. In terms of Seocho area, its vegetation has transformed into shrubs and plants on the bank slope, resulting in a reduction in the number of mountain birds inhabiting in layers of tree trunk and crown. In comparison, vegetation of the riverside such as plants and naturally-grown woody plants has more multiple-layered structure than the bank slope, which would contribute to an increase in waterfowl. Thus, it can be concluded that multi-layered vegetation created by the river forest would make a positive impact on habit structure for mountain and water birds. How to enhance the habitat structure for wild birds in Yangjaecheon River, Seoul has been suggested such as forming a forest belt with a layered structure on the bank slope as a way to improve the habitat structure for mountain birds; planting naturally-grown woody plants on the waterside and riverside to provide habitats and hideouts for common Indian kingfishers; creating a layer of sand and gravel on the surface of the water; and forming various micro habitats for rapids and pools. Key Words: vegetation structure, habitat structure, river restoration, great spotted woodpecker, common kingfisher
This study is conducted on Yangjaecheon River in Seoul to shed light on impacts that the creation of a forest in the urban river could have on wild birds’ habitats and to suggest a way to improve the function of habitats for the birds residing in the urban river. To this end, a variety of analyses have been conducted on planting status and existing vegetation for the river forest; the birds’ appearance by a guild and their inhabitation characteristics according to seasons, segments and the river’s cross-sectional structure; a change in wild birds’ habitat structure before and after formation of the river forest; and relationship between the existing vegetation and wild birds. Yangjeachoen River in Seoul is situated in both Gangnam-Gu and Seocho-Gu in terms of administrative zoning. Because of independent river management in each district, the vegetation landscape is quite a different from each other. After creating a basic plan to establish a system to connect green parks throughout Gangnam including Yangjaechon River in 2003, the authority planted as many as 2,371 trees, 43,320 shrubs and 112,380 plants from 2003 to 2014 at Gangnam district since the river’s restoration to regain its original nature. The current vegetation is formed with 23.4% of landscaping trees, 20.7% of naturally-grown plants in wetlands, 7.6% of landscaping shrubs and 5.7% of naturally-grown woody plants in swamps. Meanwhile, the authority in Seocho planted 181 trees, 29,622 shrubs, 129,268 plants and a vegetation mat of 31,924㎡ from 2007 to 2014 after devising a basic plan to upgrade Yangjaecheon River in 2007. Now, its vegetation is composed of 20.4% of naturally-grown plants in wetlands, 9.6% of naturally-grown plants, 4.3% of landscaping trees and 5.0% of foreign plants. In overall, Gangnam has multiple-layered vegetation on the slope of the bank while such multi-layered vegetation is seen on the riverside rather than the bank slope in Seocho. Research has been conducted on wild birds throughout four seasons like spring, summer, autumn and winter. The types and population of the birds appeared in Gangnam district stood at 136 in 16 species for spring, 430 in 19 species for summer, 138 in 17 species during autumn and 273 in 28 species for winter. The largest number of wild birds appeared during winter season and various species of mountain birds and water birds were spotted from areas from Yeongdong 3 Bridge to 5 Bridge and from Daechi Bridge to Tancheon Junction. At Seocho district, on the other hand, 77 birds in 11 species appeared during spring with 35 birds in eight species for summer, 50 birds in six species for fall and 190 birds in 14 species during winter. Although the population and species in appearance are small and simple, various species of water birds were seen from Mujigae Bridge to Umyeongyo Bridge. There has been a change in the number of waterfowl and mountain birds spotted at Gangnam district after the formation of the river forest in comparison to the period without any river forest. Waterfowl whose number had been once 49 in nine species decreased to 35 in six species while 29 mountain birds in seven species increased to 182 in eight species in the aftermath of the creation of the river forest. Moorhens, common Indian kingfishers, great spotted woodpeckers and grey-headed woodpeckers have newly appeared whereas common sandpipers, Eastern gray wagtails, reed warblers and great egrets have no longer been seen. A change has been noticed in Seocho district as well. The number of waterfowl and mountain birds which used to make appearance before the river forest stood at four in two species and 92 in eight species respectively. Since the formation of the forest, the population of water birds has risen to 28 in seven species while that of mountain birds has been on a decrease to 71 in three species. Although little grebes, mallards, great egrets, green sandpipers and black-backed wagtails have made new appearance, Japanese pygmy woodpeckers, black-capped chickadees, great tilts and water pipits have disappeared. To briefly describe the correlation between the creation of the river forest and its impact on habitats of wild birds, trees on the bank slop at Gangnam have formed a layered structure such tiers as tree trunk, crown, and bushes, creating a forest belt along the riverside. Woodpeckers, the flagship forest birds, have newly appeared while the population of great tilts has been on an increase. On the waterside, common Indian kingfishers have been spotted for the first time. As for Seocho district, its vegetation is mainly formed with trees and plants on the bank slope while the riverside has more multi-layered vegetation than the bank slope due to naturally-grown woody plants in wetlands. In this district, the species and population of wild birds spotted have been simple and small. Especially, mountain birds have made extremely rare appearance. However, it has been regarded that the section from Mujigae Bridge to Umyeongyo Bridge has the adequate environment for waterfowl’s habitats since various species of water birds such as ducks, egrets and wading birds have appeared. Since the formation of the river forest, vegetation of the bank slope at Gangnam district has changed into multi-layered structure, leading to an increase in mountain birds. Waterfowl which used to appear mainly at Tancheon Junction prior to the river forest tends to be seen throughout the entire river after the creation of the river forest. In terms of Seocho area, its vegetation has transformed into shrubs and plants on the bank slope, resulting in a reduction in the number of mountain birds inhabiting in layers of tree trunk and crown. In comparison, vegetation of the riverside such as plants and naturally-grown woody plants has more multiple-layered structure than the bank slope, which would contribute to an increase in waterfowl. Thus, it can be concluded that multi-layered vegetation created by the river forest would make a positive impact on habit structure for mountain and water birds. How to enhance the habitat structure for wild birds in Yangjaecheon River, Seoul has been suggested such as forming a forest belt with a layered structure on the bank slope as a way to improve the habitat structure for mountain birds; planting naturally-grown woody plants on the waterside and riverside to provide habitats and hideouts for common Indian kingfishers; creating a layer of sand and gravel on the surface of the water; and forming various micro habitats for rapids and pools. Key Words: vegetation structure, habitat structure, river restoration, great spotted woodpecker, common kingfisher
AI-Helper
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.