This study was focused on investigating habitat conditions of Hotaria unmunsana such as species distribution, population density and other biophysical characters, and its genetic variability among 10 major habitats in South Korea. For biophysical and genetic comparison, totally 10 major sites were s...
This study was focused on investigating habitat conditions of Hotaria unmunsana such as species distribution, population density and other biophysical characters, and its genetic variability among 10 major habitats in South Korea. For biophysical and genetic comparison, totally 10 major sites were selected as areas of interest (AOI), and 15 samples were collected at each site. Biophysical factors which were used in this study were temperature and humidity in air, and soil conditions like soil color and organic matters. And the occurring frequency was measured to compare the habitat conditions at each site. For comparing the genetic perspectives, two loci (CO-II and 16S rRNA) was statistically referred together. The biophysical factors at AOIs in the mainland were not showing much larger variation among the regions, while the factors in mainland were quite different from the one in Jeju island. It’s because Jeju island is well-known to show the cool temperature due to quite much wind and humidity from ocean area around the island. The largest population was found in Jeju island (Cheongsu-ri and Hannam-ri), where we can count over 300 individuals on a line of 100 meters. However, in Unmun Mountain, we could not count up to 30 individuals in the same distance. Besides these areas, there are several habitats showing over 70 individuals (e.g., Okcheon and Namyangju). The purpose of the genetic approach is to investigate the closest site from Unmun Mountain in terms of genetics. The reason is that we considered to re-stock additional individuals and/or populations into the Unmun Mountain, which was the region where the Japanese scholar named Doi found the target species at first. AMOVA(Analysis of MOlecular VAriance) test, and NJ (Neighbor Joining) and BI (Bayesian Inference) trees were used to define the genetic distance and/or variation among each other. The statistic methods were showing that the southeastern regions of South Korea including Busan, Gyeongsan, and Cheongdo were mostly close to Unmun Mountain in genetic points so that we might determine that some of the populations at these regions could be possibly re-stocked into the Unmun Mountain without any controversial debate in genetic points. In conclusion, the research on a firefly, which has been isolated for a long period, is much proper to restore, upgrade or maintain the habitat of the species. So this research and its result would give researchers and/or institutes a new idea of restoring the isolated firefly population, which has been gradually disappeared by industrial development.
This study was focused on investigating habitat conditions of Hotaria unmunsana such as species distribution, population density and other biophysical characters, and its genetic variability among 10 major habitats in South Korea. For biophysical and genetic comparison, totally 10 major sites were selected as areas of interest (AOI), and 15 samples were collected at each site. Biophysical factors which were used in this study were temperature and humidity in air, and soil conditions like soil color and organic matters. And the occurring frequency was measured to compare the habitat conditions at each site. For comparing the genetic perspectives, two loci (CO-II and 16S rRNA) was statistically referred together. The biophysical factors at AOIs in the mainland were not showing much larger variation among the regions, while the factors in mainland were quite different from the one in Jeju island. It’s because Jeju island is well-known to show the cool temperature due to quite much wind and humidity from ocean area around the island. The largest population was found in Jeju island (Cheongsu-ri and Hannam-ri), where we can count over 300 individuals on a line of 100 meters. However, in Unmun Mountain, we could not count up to 30 individuals in the same distance. Besides these areas, there are several habitats showing over 70 individuals (e.g., Okcheon and Namyangju). The purpose of the genetic approach is to investigate the closest site from Unmun Mountain in terms of genetics. The reason is that we considered to re-stock additional individuals and/or populations into the Unmun Mountain, which was the region where the Japanese scholar named Doi found the target species at first. AMOVA(Analysis of MOlecular VAriance) test, and NJ (Neighbor Joining) and BI (Bayesian Inference) trees were used to define the genetic distance and/or variation among each other. The statistic methods were showing that the southeastern regions of South Korea including Busan, Gyeongsan, and Cheongdo were mostly close to Unmun Mountain in genetic points so that we might determine that some of the populations at these regions could be possibly re-stocked into the Unmun Mountain without any controversial debate in genetic points. In conclusion, the research on a firefly, which has been isolated for a long period, is much proper to restore, upgrade or maintain the habitat of the species. So this research and its result would give researchers and/or institutes a new idea of restoring the isolated firefly population, which has been gradually disappeared by industrial development.
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