Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), O3, CO, NOx, and PM10 mass concentrations and number concentration of ultrafine aerosols were measured onboard the R/V Gisang 1 over the Yellow Sea (covering 122°~130°E, 31°~38°N) during Nov 17~26, 2014 and Apr 9~May 6, 2015.
PAN was determined every 2 minutes by a fa...
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), O3, CO, NOx, and PM10 mass concentrations and number concentration of ultrafine aerosols were measured onboard the R/V Gisang 1 over the Yellow Sea (covering 122°~130°E, 31°~38°N) during Nov 17~26, 2014 and Apr 9~May 6, 2015.
PAN was determined every 2 minutes by a fast GC coupled with luminol chemiluminescence detection. Gaseous species including O3, NOx, and CO were analyzed every 1 minute (49C, 42C and 48C, Thermo Electron Corporation, Franklin, MA, USA). PM10 mass was measured using β-ray method every 5 minute(FH62C14, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) and the total number of ultra fine aerosols were measured using a condensation particle counter (CPC3772, CPC3776, TSI) every 1 second.
The concentration of PAN ranged from 0.03 ppbv to 3.38 ppbv with a mean of 0.15 ppbv in April, 0.09 ppbv in May, and 0.50 ppbv in Nov. The mean concentrations of O3, CO and NOx were 51.8, 370, and 5.51 ppbv in April, 48.4, 568 and 3.0 ppbv in May, and 38.3, 334 and 8.1 ppbv in Nov. All species except for O3 was much higher near southern coast of the Korean peninsular. In the Yellow Sea, O3 concentrations showed latitudinal gradient being higher at lower latitudes. In contrast, other species were higher at higher latitudes. As a result, PAN and O3 were not in good agreement. Particularly, the high PAN concentrations were comparable to those observed in Seoul metropolitan areas. Particularly, PAN was sporadically enhanced near Baengyeong Island in the northbound and the Ieodo station in the southbound with lower O3/NOx and higher CO/NOx ratios compared to those of urban plumes. These results imply that the Yellow Sea is under significant influence of fishing fleet and PAN is good tracer for their emissions.
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), O3, CO, NOx, and PM10 mass concentrations and number concentration of ultrafine aerosols were measured onboard the R/V Gisang 1 over the Yellow Sea (covering 122°~130°E, 31°~38°N) during Nov 17~26, 2014 and Apr 9~May 6, 2015.
PAN was determined every 2 minutes by a fast GC coupled with luminol chemiluminescence detection. Gaseous species including O3, NOx, and CO were analyzed every 1 minute (49C, 42C and 48C, Thermo Electron Corporation, Franklin, MA, USA). PM10 mass was measured using β-ray method every 5 minute(FH62C14, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) and the total number of ultra fine aerosols were measured using a condensation particle counter (CPC3772, CPC3776, TSI) every 1 second.
The concentration of PAN ranged from 0.03 ppbv to 3.38 ppbv with a mean of 0.15 ppbv in April, 0.09 ppbv in May, and 0.50 ppbv in Nov. The mean concentrations of O3, CO and NOx were 51.8, 370, and 5.51 ppbv in April, 48.4, 568 and 3.0 ppbv in May, and 38.3, 334 and 8.1 ppbv in Nov. All species except for O3 was much higher near southern coast of the Korean peninsular. In the Yellow Sea, O3 concentrations showed latitudinal gradient being higher at lower latitudes. In contrast, other species were higher at higher latitudes. As a result, PAN and O3 were not in good agreement. Particularly, the high PAN concentrations were comparable to those observed in Seoul metropolitan areas. Particularly, PAN was sporadically enhanced near Baengyeong Island in the northbound and the Ieodo station in the southbound with lower O3/NOx and higher CO/NOx ratios compared to those of urban plumes. These results imply that the Yellow Sea is under significant influence of fishing fleet and PAN is good tracer for their emissions.
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#PAN(Peroxyacetyl Nitrate) Shipboard Measurement Gisang1 Yellow Sea Implication for ship emissions Ozone
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