Hazardous air pollutants Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) cause acute and chronic injuries to human body at low concentrations in the air. Because their harmfulness is depending on the types of the compound and the emission status, calculation of the amount of emission and health impact assessment ...
Hazardous air pollutants Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) cause acute and chronic injuries to human body at low concentrations in the air. Because their harmfulness is depending on the types of the compound and the emission status, calculation of the amount of emission and health impact assessment are important. This paper provides basic data on the damage to human body due to the exposure to hazardous air pollutants. And it was estimated the emission contribution of on-road mobile sources, non-road mobile sources and point sources.
In this study, the relative contribution of on-road mobile and non-road mobile pollution sources to cancer and non-cancer risk were calculated by the emission of HAPs from the research conducted by National Institute of Environment (2015). The NMVOC emissions from point sources were applied from PRTR report in 2014.
HAPs emissions were estimated from on-road mobile, non-road mobile and point sources, as follow: acetaldehyde 1,764.2 ton/yr, acrolein 554.2 ton/yr, formaldehyde 3,342 ton/yr, 1,3-butadiene 180.6 ton/yr, benzene 1,966.6 ton/yr. ethlybenzene 3,315.3 ton/yr, naphthalene 284.6 ton/yr, toluene 10,429.4 ton/yr, xylene 18,586.3 ton/yr and styrene 236.4 ton/yr.
In the case of on-road mobile source, Acrolein, 1,3-butadiene and Benzene accounted for the highest ratio, taking up 87.9 %, 53.6 %, 71.5 % of the emission ratio, respectively. In the case of non-road mobile source, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde accounted for 65.0% and 76.6% of the emission ratio. As in the case of point sources, ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene and xylene accounted for 77.2%, 72.4%, 67.8% and 88.2% of the emission ratio respectively.
The relative contribution of cancer risk by on-road mobile source accounted for 56.9%, non-road mobile source accounted for 29.6%, and the point source accounted for 13.5%. The relative contribution of non-cancer risk by sources, on-road mobile source accounted for 86.2%, non-road mobile source accounted for 13.1%, and the point source accounted for 0.7%.
It was found that the overall relative cancer risk contributions were benzene as 44.1 %, 1.3-butadiene as 23.4 %, formaldehyde as 15.3 % and the highest contributor to non-cancer risk was acrolein with 96.6 % contribution.
Contribution of relative cancer risk of HAPs emission by region : 17.7% by Gyeonggi-do, 11.8% by Seoul, and 9.0% by Jeollanam-do. Contribution of relative non-cancer risk of HAPs emission by region : 22.3% by Gyeonggi-do, 9.4% by Gyeongsangbuk-do, and 8.9% by Gyeongsangnam-do.
Hazardous air pollutants Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) cause acute and chronic injuries to human body at low concentrations in the air. Because their harmfulness is depending on the types of the compound and the emission status, calculation of the amount of emission and health impact assessment are important. This paper provides basic data on the damage to human body due to the exposure to hazardous air pollutants. And it was estimated the emission contribution of on-road mobile sources, non-road mobile sources and point sources.
In this study, the relative contribution of on-road mobile and non-road mobile pollution sources to cancer and non-cancer risk were calculated by the emission of HAPs from the research conducted by National Institute of Environment (2015). The NMVOC emissions from point sources were applied from PRTR report in 2014.
HAPs emissions were estimated from on-road mobile, non-road mobile and point sources, as follow: acetaldehyde 1,764.2 ton/yr, acrolein 554.2 ton/yr, formaldehyde 3,342 ton/yr, 1,3-butadiene 180.6 ton/yr, benzene 1,966.6 ton/yr. ethlybenzene 3,315.3 ton/yr, naphthalene 284.6 ton/yr, toluene 10,429.4 ton/yr, xylene 18,586.3 ton/yr and styrene 236.4 ton/yr.
In the case of on-road mobile source, Acrolein, 1,3-butadiene and Benzene accounted for the highest ratio, taking up 87.9 %, 53.6 %, 71.5 % of the emission ratio, respectively. In the case of non-road mobile source, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde accounted for 65.0% and 76.6% of the emission ratio. As in the case of point sources, ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene and xylene accounted for 77.2%, 72.4%, 67.8% and 88.2% of the emission ratio respectively.
The relative contribution of cancer risk by on-road mobile source accounted for 56.9%, non-road mobile source accounted for 29.6%, and the point source accounted for 13.5%. The relative contribution of non-cancer risk by sources, on-road mobile source accounted for 86.2%, non-road mobile source accounted for 13.1%, and the point source accounted for 0.7%.
It was found that the overall relative cancer risk contributions were benzene as 44.1 %, 1.3-butadiene as 23.4 %, formaldehyde as 15.3 % and the highest contributor to non-cancer risk was acrolein with 96.6 % contribution.
Contribution of relative cancer risk of HAPs emission by region : 17.7% by Gyeonggi-do, 11.8% by Seoul, and 9.0% by Jeollanam-do. Contribution of relative non-cancer risk of HAPs emission by region : 22.3% by Gyeonggi-do, 9.4% by Gyeongsangbuk-do, and 8.9% by Gyeongsangnam-do.
Keyword
#HAPs emissions Cancer risk Non-cancer risk
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