The primary objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the co-gasification power plant through microwave plasma torch using MSW and coal as a feedstock. The motivation comes from severe challenges in Ulaanbaatar mainly air pollution and land degradation caused by inadequate waste t...
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the co-gasification power plant through microwave plasma torch using MSW and coal as a feedstock. The motivation comes from severe challenges in Ulaanbaatar mainly air pollution and land degradation caused by inadequate waste treatment and raw coal consumption. Theoretical principle of computation for the gasification process is applied to determine the critical parameters of the co-gasification power plant while using data obtained by experiments on microwave plasma conducted at Handong Global University. As well as, a multi-criteria decision-making methodology (ANP) which is widely used in renewable energy, operational analysis, and businesses. Analytical network process (ANP) method is applied to evaluate determining energy production technologies in Mongolia which are CHP. In light of the varies ways the research introduces the unique characteristics of the plasma gasification based on the country's potential energy resources while meeting the sustainable development perspective. The thesis is composed of three themed chapters. In chapter I, research objective and challenging issues for Ulaanbaatar are briefly reported, as well as theoretical background studies are introduced for the commercial waste to energy gasification power plants. Ulaanbaatar city is a home to approximately 1.3 million citizens of Mongolia and the capital of the country. Urbanization and population growth have been rapidly
increasing as the capital's population have grown by 70 % in the last 20 years are making the capital city as an economic hub of the country. At the same time, this trend is accelerating and building Ulaanbaatar as a crowded and equipped with vulnerable basic needs and infrastructure place. Mongolia has been facing a hard situation with the air pollution since the 2000s, due to unplanned city growth and old conventional power plants in the capital city. For the moment,
the efficiency of the energy industry is not sufficient for recreation and reform. Adverse consequences that associated with air pollution are erecting numerous deprivation regarding wellbeing and city attraction. Children who live in the household area suffer from flue inflammation of lungs and respiratory diseases. In addition, the primary needs for the livelihood is limited by lack of infrastructure and access to energy. Aside from this matter, Mongolia recognized as one of the highest emitted countries by CO2 per unit GDP. Meanwhile, waste management issues have been identified as the second prominent issue in Ulaanbaatar. Waste is disposed of in three dumping sites out of which the only one meets the criteria of a sanitary
landfill. Total 5 % of the waste is recycled among annual 1.1 million ton waste generated by Ulaanbaatar city. Illegal dumping, open disposal and land degradation due to soil contamination reflect on public health and environmental sustainability negatively. In chapter II, research materials and methods are introduced for the municipal waste management in Ulaanbaatar. The study investigated through waste management in Ulaanbaatar to determine the feasibility of waste to energy technology. The conducted research shows that
waste composition in Ulaanbaatar city has a particular part in which comprises different waste composition depending on the season. During winter time, total 49.10% of the waste composition occupied by ash from households produced by the raw coal combustion. In general, the average waste composition shows 31% of ash, 27% kitchen, 19% of plastics, 18% of paper and 3% from chemical and medical wastes. In that sense, a lot of plastics and paper can be used as energy recovery due to its potential caloric value. However, there is no study on waste composition regarding chemical and physical properties in Ulaanbaatar. Therefore, analysis of chemical and physical properties further, technical, economical and multi decision-making analysis were conducted in Chapter III. Which is required for further gasification have performed. Importantly, only paper, plastics, and textiles have chosen in this study. The lowest caloric value is determined as 4818 kcal/kg which is considered to be a valid point for the energy recovery. A grade Shivee-Ovoo coal with 5300 kcal/kg caloric value chosen as a feedstock for a co-gasification. The capacity of the power plant designed as 30% MSW and 70% of coal. According to the simple energy balance total, 4MW to 5MW electricity can be generated by the syngas through the gasification. Coal gasification can reach up to 10 MW so that total capacity of the power plant assumed 15 MW IGCC for heat and coal combined production. As a principle of the IGCC gasification steam and gas turbine dedicated to heat and electricity can be allocated 20%, 80% respectively.
Overall, based on technical, economic and multi-criteria decision making analysis, the project shows its feasibility on techno-economic and comparative studies.
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the co-gasification power plant through microwave plasma torch using MSW and coal as a feedstock. The motivation comes from severe challenges in Ulaanbaatar mainly air pollution and land degradation caused by inadequate waste treatment and raw coal consumption. Theoretical principle of computation for the gasification process is applied to determine the critical parameters of the co-gasification power plant while using data obtained by experiments on microwave plasma conducted at Handong Global University. As well as, a multi-criteria decision-making methodology (ANP) which is widely used in renewable energy, operational analysis, and businesses. Analytical network process (ANP) method is applied to evaluate determining energy production technologies in Mongolia which are CHP. In light of the varies ways the research introduces the unique characteristics of the plasma gasification based on the country's potential energy resources while meeting the sustainable development perspective. The thesis is composed of three themed chapters. In chapter I, research objective and challenging issues for Ulaanbaatar are briefly reported, as well as theoretical background studies are introduced for the commercial waste to energy gasification power plants. Ulaanbaatar city is a home to approximately 1.3 million citizens of Mongolia and the capital of the country. Urbanization and population growth have been rapidly
increasing as the capital's population have grown by 70 % in the last 20 years are making the capital city as an economic hub of the country. At the same time, this trend is accelerating and building Ulaanbaatar as a crowded and equipped with vulnerable basic needs and infrastructure place. Mongolia has been facing a hard situation with the air pollution since the 2000s, due to unplanned city growth and old conventional power plants in the capital city. For the moment,
the efficiency of the energy industry is not sufficient for recreation and reform. Adverse consequences that associated with air pollution are erecting numerous deprivation regarding wellbeing and city attraction. Children who live in the household area suffer from flue inflammation of lungs and respiratory diseases. In addition, the primary needs for the livelihood is limited by lack of infrastructure and access to energy. Aside from this matter, Mongolia recognized as one of the highest emitted countries by CO2 per unit GDP. Meanwhile, waste management issues have been identified as the second prominent issue in Ulaanbaatar. Waste is disposed of in three dumping sites out of which the only one meets the criteria of a sanitary
landfill. Total 5 % of the waste is recycled among annual 1.1 million ton waste generated by Ulaanbaatar city. Illegal dumping, open disposal and land degradation due to soil contamination reflect on public health and environmental sustainability negatively. In chapter II, research materials and methods are introduced for the municipal waste management in Ulaanbaatar. The study investigated through waste management in Ulaanbaatar to determine the feasibility of waste to energy technology. The conducted research shows that
waste composition in Ulaanbaatar city has a particular part in which comprises different waste composition depending on the season. During winter time, total 49.10% of the waste composition occupied by ash from households produced by the raw coal combustion. In general, the average waste composition shows 31% of ash, 27% kitchen, 19% of plastics, 18% of paper and 3% from chemical and medical wastes. In that sense, a lot of plastics and paper can be used as energy recovery due to its potential caloric value. However, there is no study on waste composition regarding chemical and physical properties in Ulaanbaatar. Therefore, analysis of chemical and physical properties further, technical, economical and multi decision-making analysis were conducted in Chapter III. Which is required for further gasification have performed. Importantly, only paper, plastics, and textiles have chosen in this study. The lowest caloric value is determined as 4818 kcal/kg which is considered to be a valid point for the energy recovery. A grade Shivee-Ovoo coal with 5300 kcal/kg caloric value chosen as a feedstock for a co-gasification. The capacity of the power plant designed as 30% MSW and 70% of coal. According to the simple energy balance total, 4MW to 5MW electricity can be generated by the syngas through the gasification. Coal gasification can reach up to 10 MW so that total capacity of the power plant assumed 15 MW IGCC for heat and coal combined production. As a principle of the IGCC gasification steam and gas turbine dedicated to heat and electricity can be allocated 20%, 80% respectively.
Overall, based on technical, economic and multi-criteria decision making analysis, the project shows its feasibility on techno-economic and comparative studies.
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