본 연구는 1900년대부터 1910년대까지 한국 여성을 대상으로 발간된 잡지를 통해 여성담론의 생성과 변모 과정을 통시적으로 살피고, 여성잡지가 여성의 젠더 역할과 생활양식의 변화를 이끌었음을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구의 대상이 되는 자료는 1900년대에 발간된 『가뎡잡지(家庭雜誌)』, 『녀자지남(女子指南)』, 『자선부인회잡지』와 1910년대에 발간된 『우리의 가뎡』, 『여자계(女子界)』이다.
근대 초기 여성잡지의 간행은 개화와 자강을 통한 자주독립을 이루기 위해 전개된 여성교육 활동의 일환으로 시작되었다. 1900년대에 발간...
본 연구는 1900년대부터 1910년대까지 한국 여성을 대상으로 발간된 잡지를 통해 여성담론의 생성과 변모 과정을 통시적으로 살피고, 여성잡지가 여성의 젠더 역할과 생활양식의 변화를 이끌었음을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구의 대상이 되는 자료는 1900년대에 발간된 『가뎡잡지(家庭雜誌)』, 『녀자지남(女子指南)』, 『자선부인회잡지』와 1910년대에 발간된 『우리의 가뎡』, 『여자계(女子界)』이다.
근대 초기 여성잡지의 간행은 개화와 자강을 통한 자주독립을 이루기 위해 전개된 여성교육 활동의 일환으로 시작되었다. 1900년대에 발간된 『가뎡잡지』, 『녀자지남』, 『자선부인회잡지』는 ‘문명국 건설’이라는 공통의 목표 아래 당대 남성 지식인에 의해 발간된다. 이 시기 여성잡지는 여성 교육, 규문 밖 출입(사회 활동 참여), 근대적 공론장에서의 글쓰기 등에 대한 논의를 대두시키고, 그 필요성을 인식시키는 기능을 담당했다. 하지만 이 같은 기능은 ‘여성의 자유와 권리’를 목적으로 하는 담론으로 확장되지는 못했다. 이러한 논의가 등장하는 것은 1910년대에 동경여자유학생 친목회가 발간한 『여자계』에 이르러서이다.
근대 시기 최초로 발간된 『가뎡잡지』의 여성담론은 자녀 교육과 여성 교육으로 모아졌다. 이는 가정 개량이라는 잡지 발간 목적과 연결된다. 가정 개량의 핵심은 ‘가정-사회-국가’의 관계를 새롭게 인식시키고, 가정 내 여성의 역할을 재정립하는 데 있었다. 여성은 전통적인 가부장적 질서를 유지하면서, 자녀를 교육하고 가정을 관리하는 ‘문명국의 어머니’로 호명되며, 이러한 역할을 통해 대한제국의 일원으로 포섭될 수 있었다. 『가뎡잡지』는 이러한 역할을 잘 수행하기 위해 제한적이나마 여성의 교육과 규문 밖 출입의 자유를 주장한다.
『녀자지남』 역시 여성 교육의 필요성을 주장한다. 여성의 학식과 도덕을 문명국의 척도로 제시하고, 규문 밖이라는 공적 영역으로 나가는 여성의 자유를 문명함으로 표상한다. 이러한 생각의 기저에는 ‘여성 신체의 자유’가 곧 ‘여성 교육의 실현’이라는 인식이 내재해 있다. 특기할 만한 점은 여자교육회 소속 부인들과 여학교 생도의 글을 통해 논의를 펼침으로써 근대적 공론장에서 여성의 역할을 확대해 나간 점이다.
『자선부인회잡지』는 1900년대 여성잡지에서 유일하게 여성교육이 아닌 여성담론을 펼쳐 나갔다. ‘자선사업=문명’이라는 틀 속에서 여성의 자선 활동을 권장하고, 부강한 문명국을 건설하여 우리의 ‘행복’을 누릴 것을 강조한다. 이러한 잡지의 내용은 여성의 젠더 역할을 가정이 아닌 사회로 확대하고 있다는 점에서 의미가 있으며, 그러한 자선 활동을 행하는 자선부인회 회원들의 목소리를 잡지에 담고 있다는 점에서 일정부분 담론과 현실 사이의 연관성도 확인할 수 있다.
1910년대 조선에서 발간된 유일한 여성잡지인 『우리의 가뎡』은 ‘독서, 산보, 글쓰기’ 등 근대적 생활양식과 관련된 담론을 이끌어 나갔다. 이러한 담론은 식민지 근대화에 적합한 가정 규범과 풍속을 정립하고, 부인들에게 일본어를 포함한 ‘보통지식’을 전달하는 데 목적이 있었다. 부인의 역할을 일선동화의 중요한 수단으로 생각한 『우리의 가뎡』은 자녀 양육자이자 가정 관리자로서 여성의 역할을 강조했던 것이다. 또한 『우리의 가뎡』은 독자투고 제도를 통해 근대 초기 여성독자들의 적극적인 글쓰기 참여를 유도했다. 이를 통해 당대 여성 독자들은 근대적 공론장에 참여하는 ‘필자’로서의 정체성을 확장해 나갈 수 있었다.
『여자계』에 이르러서 여성은 잡지 발간의 주체이자 담론의 주체로 등장한다. 특히 여성들만으로 잡지 경영을 시도한 1919년 이후부터는 여성 해방, 개인으로서의 여성을 강조하는 담론이 전개된다. 문명국 건설 혹은 식민지 근대화라는 목표를 위해 주창되던 여성 계몽, 교육, 가정개량 등의 담론들은 ‘해방, 자유, 연애’와 같은 여성의 삶 자체에 대한 논의로 변화되는 과도기적 모습을 드러낸다. 『여자계』 여성담론을 통해 여성은 누군가의 ‘아내, 어머니’가 아닌 한 명의 ‘개인’이자 ‘사람’으로 인식되고 호명되기 시작한 것이다.
근대 초기 여성잡지는 여성의 삶과 관련된 담론을 생산·유통하는 담론 전달의 매개체이자 여성의 젠더 역할과 생활양식의 변화를 이끌어간 공간이었다. 잡지에 실린 여성담론은 ‘독자’에 머물렀던, ‘계몽의 대상’으로 그려지던 여성을 글쓰기의 주체, 계몽의 주체, 근대 지식인이자 편집인으로 변화하도록 견인하는 역할을 담당했다. 여성은 여성잡지를 통해 독자이자 담론의 생산자로서 근대 매체의 공론장에 참여했으며, 잡지 구매자로서의 잠재력을 당대 사회에 증명해 나갈 수 있었다. 이러한 변화는 궁극적으로 1920년대에 여성잡지 수가 증가하고 여성 독자층이 형성되는 데 기여하였다.
본 연구는 1900년대부터 1910년대까지 한국 여성을 대상으로 발간된 잡지를 통해 여성담론의 생성과 변모 과정을 통시적으로 살피고, 여성잡지가 여성의 젠더 역할과 생활양식의 변화를 이끌었음을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구의 대상이 되는 자료는 1900년대에 발간된 『가뎡잡지(家庭雜誌)』, 『녀자지남(女子指南)』, 『자선부인회잡지』와 1910년대에 발간된 『우리의 가뎡』, 『여자계(女子界)』이다.
근대 초기 여성잡지의 간행은 개화와 자강을 통한 자주독립을 이루기 위해 전개된 여성교육 활동의 일환으로 시작되었다. 1900년대에 발간된 『가뎡잡지』, 『녀자지남』, 『자선부인회잡지』는 ‘문명국 건설’이라는 공통의 목표 아래 당대 남성 지식인에 의해 발간된다. 이 시기 여성잡지는 여성 교육, 규문 밖 출입(사회 활동 참여), 근대적 공론장에서의 글쓰기 등에 대한 논의를 대두시키고, 그 필요성을 인식시키는 기능을 담당했다. 하지만 이 같은 기능은 ‘여성의 자유와 권리’를 목적으로 하는 담론으로 확장되지는 못했다. 이러한 논의가 등장하는 것은 1910년대에 동경여자유학생 친목회가 발간한 『여자계』에 이르러서이다.
근대 시기 최초로 발간된 『가뎡잡지』의 여성담론은 자녀 교육과 여성 교육으로 모아졌다. 이는 가정 개량이라는 잡지 발간 목적과 연결된다. 가정 개량의 핵심은 ‘가정-사회-국가’의 관계를 새롭게 인식시키고, 가정 내 여성의 역할을 재정립하는 데 있었다. 여성은 전통적인 가부장적 질서를 유지하면서, 자녀를 교육하고 가정을 관리하는 ‘문명국의 어머니’로 호명되며, 이러한 역할을 통해 대한제국의 일원으로 포섭될 수 있었다. 『가뎡잡지』는 이러한 역할을 잘 수행하기 위해 제한적이나마 여성의 교육과 규문 밖 출입의 자유를 주장한다.
『녀자지남』 역시 여성 교육의 필요성을 주장한다. 여성의 학식과 도덕을 문명국의 척도로 제시하고, 규문 밖이라는 공적 영역으로 나가는 여성의 자유를 문명함으로 표상한다. 이러한 생각의 기저에는 ‘여성 신체의 자유’가 곧 ‘여성 교육의 실현’이라는 인식이 내재해 있다. 특기할 만한 점은 여자교육회 소속 부인들과 여학교 생도의 글을 통해 논의를 펼침으로써 근대적 공론장에서 여성의 역할을 확대해 나간 점이다.
『자선부인회잡지』는 1900년대 여성잡지에서 유일하게 여성교육이 아닌 여성담론을 펼쳐 나갔다. ‘자선사업=문명’이라는 틀 속에서 여성의 자선 활동을 권장하고, 부강한 문명국을 건설하여 우리의 ‘행복’을 누릴 것을 강조한다. 이러한 잡지의 내용은 여성의 젠더 역할을 가정이 아닌 사회로 확대하고 있다는 점에서 의미가 있으며, 그러한 자선 활동을 행하는 자선부인회 회원들의 목소리를 잡지에 담고 있다는 점에서 일정부분 담론과 현실 사이의 연관성도 확인할 수 있다.
1910년대 조선에서 발간된 유일한 여성잡지인 『우리의 가뎡』은 ‘독서, 산보, 글쓰기’ 등 근대적 생활양식과 관련된 담론을 이끌어 나갔다. 이러한 담론은 식민지 근대화에 적합한 가정 규범과 풍속을 정립하고, 부인들에게 일본어를 포함한 ‘보통지식’을 전달하는 데 목적이 있었다. 부인의 역할을 일선동화의 중요한 수단으로 생각한 『우리의 가뎡』은 자녀 양육자이자 가정 관리자로서 여성의 역할을 강조했던 것이다. 또한 『우리의 가뎡』은 독자투고 제도를 통해 근대 초기 여성독자들의 적극적인 글쓰기 참여를 유도했다. 이를 통해 당대 여성 독자들은 근대적 공론장에 참여하는 ‘필자’로서의 정체성을 확장해 나갈 수 있었다.
『여자계』에 이르러서 여성은 잡지 발간의 주체이자 담론의 주체로 등장한다. 특히 여성들만으로 잡지 경영을 시도한 1919년 이후부터는 여성 해방, 개인으로서의 여성을 강조하는 담론이 전개된다. 문명국 건설 혹은 식민지 근대화라는 목표를 위해 주창되던 여성 계몽, 교육, 가정개량 등의 담론들은 ‘해방, 자유, 연애’와 같은 여성의 삶 자체에 대한 논의로 변화되는 과도기적 모습을 드러낸다. 『여자계』 여성담론을 통해 여성은 누군가의 ‘아내, 어머니’가 아닌 한 명의 ‘개인’이자 ‘사람’으로 인식되고 호명되기 시작한 것이다.
근대 초기 여성잡지는 여성의 삶과 관련된 담론을 생산·유통하는 담론 전달의 매개체이자 여성의 젠더 역할과 생활양식의 변화를 이끌어간 공간이었다. 잡지에 실린 여성담론은 ‘독자’에 머물렀던, ‘계몽의 대상’으로 그려지던 여성을 글쓰기의 주체, 계몽의 주체, 근대 지식인이자 편집인으로 변화하도록 견인하는 역할을 담당했다. 여성은 여성잡지를 통해 독자이자 담론의 생산자로서 근대 매체의 공론장에 참여했으며, 잡지 구매자로서의 잠재력을 당대 사회에 증명해 나갈 수 있었다. 이러한 변화는 궁극적으로 1920년대에 여성잡지 수가 증가하고 여성 독자층이 형성되는 데 기여하였다.
This paper aimed to diachronically examine the process of the creation and transformation of female discourse in the women's magazines published in the early modern period, This work, that is to say, intended to prove that the women's magazines played the role of changing and enlarging women’s gende...
This paper aimed to diachronically examine the process of the creation and transformation of female discourse in the women's magazines published in the early modern period, This work, that is to say, intended to prove that the women's magazines played the role of changing and enlarging women’s gender role and lifestyle, affected the formation of a female readership, and were responsible for bringing women into the public sphere of modern media.
The materials studied were Kadyungjabji, Yeojajinam, Jaseonbuinhoejabji - published in the first decade of the 1900s - Uriui Kadyung and Yeojagee - published in the 1910s. In order to examine the changing aspects of female discourse in the magazines, I probed the table of contents of each magazine, arranging all the magazines’ systems and features. In addition, I comprehensively examined the changing aspects of discourse, analyzing not only the editorial articles in the magazines but also articles, letters, novels, and independent contributions related to women’s lives.
Specifically, each magazine was diachronically classified into two periods and examined in order of publication. Through the process I presented the changing aspects of the publication agents and their purposes of publishing, and also revealed the characteristics of female discourse which were altered by time. From the work, it was confirmed that the women's magazines were not just a medium for conveying discourse related to women's lives, but a sphere that caused changes in women's gender role and lifestyle. The influence of the women's magazines in the early modern period on society can be largely summed up in three. First, they spread the awareness that like men women need education to read and build their knowledge. Second, they raised the need for women to think about their roles, duties, and rights. Third, they confirmed that women were also the ones who could publish magazines and participate in social activities for the nation and the people.
The women's magazines in the modern period emerged to meet the demands of the times to overcome the crisis of national sovereignty by imperialist powers. When education movement was actively developed in order to achieve independence with enlightenment and strenuous efforts, women’s magazines were selected as practical materials to educate women who did not receive modern education. Kadyungjabji, Yeojajinam and Jaseonbuinhoejabji, which were published in the 1900s, were released by male intellectuals of the time under the common goal of building a civilized nation. The women's magazines in this period were in charge of promoting discussions about and awareness of the need for female education, access to outside, writing in modern public media, and engaging in social activities. However, those discussions did not lead to those aimed at female freedom and rights, which was the same as in Uriui Kadyung. Its goal was merely changed to Japan-Joseon assimilation. It was not until Yeojagee in the 1910s that discourse on female freedom and rights emerged.
Female discourse in Kadyungjabji, which was the first women's magazine, focused on criticizing parent’s attitude in educating their children and emphasized the need for female education. This was the result of reflecting the purpose of publishing magazines: to improve the family of Joseon as part of the patriotic enlightenment movement. The key to improving the family was to change its social function and to redefine the role of women in the family. In the magazine, a household was referred to as both a pre-modern place where a large family and its patriarchal order is maintained, and a modern place where a nation or a society is organized and its talented individuals are trained to lead their nation. Women were named "Mothers of Civilization," who were given the role of educating their children and managing the family while obeying patriarchal order of serving their husbands and supporting their parents-in-laws. To perform this role well, although limited, women were allowed to have the freedom of education and entry, which was needed in order to bring their family together and educate their children. It was by managing the family and raising children in a home-society-nation relationship that women could be involved in members of the Korean Empire, which was striving to build a civilized nation.
Likewise, female discourse in Yeojajinam was centered on female education. It presented women's erudition and morality as a barometer of civilization. That was the logic that if a woman became civilized and held the title of "Wise Mother of Civilization," she could cultivate the nation’s talented youth, which would lead to the civilization of the Korean Peninsula. At that point, women were referred to as those who realized their duty of a citizen who were equally educated and free to enter and leave houses. By spreading this female discourse through the voices of members in a women's association and students in women’s schools, it was able to make the public recognize the need for female education and to drive the expansion of female writing in modern public media.
Female discourse in Jaseonbuinhoejabji focused on the interest in charity. The magazine was filled with writings of the members of Women's Charity Association, except for contributions and congratulatory messages. Most members were women who practiced philanthropies, participated in speeches and debates, and worked actively outside the family. They encouraged women’s charity activities under the motto of "charity is civilization," and insisted on thereby building a rich and powerful civilized nation to achieve happiness. In that sense, women were perceived as social beings who conduct charity work of parenting and educating in the family and the society. Although limited to charity, it was meaningful in that they informed the public of the social role of women who are away from home.
Uriui Kadyung led female discourse of the 1910s, which was related to modern women's lifestyle such as reading, taking a stroll and writing. However, such discourse did not extend to those related to the elevation of women's rights. That was because the interest of the editorial department was more in defining the family and the lives of women which are suitable for colonial modernization rather than in the very life of woman. Uriui Kadyung redefined the family of Joseon which had assumed a patriarchal large family community as a couple-centered family, and named wives the person who is in charge of the family. The magazine informed women of what they should be aware of, delivering the instructions of Japanese home economics as ordinary knowledge. Among them, the education of Japanese, which was intended to promote the relationship between Korean women and the Japanese,was a significant strategy for Japan-Joseon assimilation. Uriui Kadyung emphasized women's participation in business and social activities, but it was limited to the extent to which it would not conflict with the role in the family. The female gender role still stayed focused on the family, because it was believed that wives' role in the family was an important means of Japan-Joseon assimilation. One of the achievements of Uriui Kadyung in relation to women's lives, unlike the women's magazines in the 1900s, was that it served as an ongoing writing sphere for female readers in the early modern period. By contributing articles to it, female readers of the time were able to expand their identity from an enlightened reader to a writer who participated in modern public sphere.
It was not until Yeojagee that women participated in publishing magazines. Women’s discourse in Yeojagee showed a transition period when discourse on enlightenment, education, and family improvement, which were advocated in the 1910s, was transformed into discourse on liberation, freedom, and love. Especially after 1919, when women attempted to run magazines by themselves, female discourse emphasized liberation and rights of women as individuals which were equal to those of men. Yeojagee can be found significant in that it, as stated above, dealt with discussions on the life itself of a woman who had not been at the center of discourse until then. The discourse in Yeojagee allowed the society to recognize that a woman is a person and an individual prior to being a wife, mother, manager of the family.
Consequently, the women's magazines in the early modern period produced, distributed, and changed discourse which was related to women's lives, leading to changes in women's role and lifestyle. The magazines helped transform women who stayed readers and who were depicted as the objects for enlightenment into writers and main agents of enlightenment, that is, editors and modern intellectuals. As a result, women were able to demonstrate that they were readers, producers of discourse, and potential buyers for magazines.
This paper aimed to diachronically examine the process of the creation and transformation of female discourse in the women's magazines published in the early modern period, This work, that is to say, intended to prove that the women's magazines played the role of changing and enlarging women’s gender role and lifestyle, affected the formation of a female readership, and were responsible for bringing women into the public sphere of modern media.
The materials studied were Kadyungjabji, Yeojajinam, Jaseonbuinhoejabji - published in the first decade of the 1900s - Uriui Kadyung and Yeojagee - published in the 1910s. In order to examine the changing aspects of female discourse in the magazines, I probed the table of contents of each magazine, arranging all the magazines’ systems and features. In addition, I comprehensively examined the changing aspects of discourse, analyzing not only the editorial articles in the magazines but also articles, letters, novels, and independent contributions related to women’s lives.
Specifically, each magazine was diachronically classified into two periods and examined in order of publication. Through the process I presented the changing aspects of the publication agents and their purposes of publishing, and also revealed the characteristics of female discourse which were altered by time. From the work, it was confirmed that the women's magazines were not just a medium for conveying discourse related to women's lives, but a sphere that caused changes in women's gender role and lifestyle. The influence of the women's magazines in the early modern period on society can be largely summed up in three. First, they spread the awareness that like men women need education to read and build their knowledge. Second, they raised the need for women to think about their roles, duties, and rights. Third, they confirmed that women were also the ones who could publish magazines and participate in social activities for the nation and the people.
The women's magazines in the modern period emerged to meet the demands of the times to overcome the crisis of national sovereignty by imperialist powers. When education movement was actively developed in order to achieve independence with enlightenment and strenuous efforts, women’s magazines were selected as practical materials to educate women who did not receive modern education. Kadyungjabji, Yeojajinam and Jaseonbuinhoejabji, which were published in the 1900s, were released by male intellectuals of the time under the common goal of building a civilized nation. The women's magazines in this period were in charge of promoting discussions about and awareness of the need for female education, access to outside, writing in modern public media, and engaging in social activities. However, those discussions did not lead to those aimed at female freedom and rights, which was the same as in Uriui Kadyung. Its goal was merely changed to Japan-Joseon assimilation. It was not until Yeojagee in the 1910s that discourse on female freedom and rights emerged.
Female discourse in Kadyungjabji, which was the first women's magazine, focused on criticizing parent’s attitude in educating their children and emphasized the need for female education. This was the result of reflecting the purpose of publishing magazines: to improve the family of Joseon as part of the patriotic enlightenment movement. The key to improving the family was to change its social function and to redefine the role of women in the family. In the magazine, a household was referred to as both a pre-modern place where a large family and its patriarchal order is maintained, and a modern place where a nation or a society is organized and its talented individuals are trained to lead their nation. Women were named "Mothers of Civilization," who were given the role of educating their children and managing the family while obeying patriarchal order of serving their husbands and supporting their parents-in-laws. To perform this role well, although limited, women were allowed to have the freedom of education and entry, which was needed in order to bring their family together and educate their children. It was by managing the family and raising children in a home-society-nation relationship that women could be involved in members of the Korean Empire, which was striving to build a civilized nation.
Likewise, female discourse in Yeojajinam was centered on female education. It presented women's erudition and morality as a barometer of civilization. That was the logic that if a woman became civilized and held the title of "Wise Mother of Civilization," she could cultivate the nation’s talented youth, which would lead to the civilization of the Korean Peninsula. At that point, women were referred to as those who realized their duty of a citizen who were equally educated and free to enter and leave houses. By spreading this female discourse through the voices of members in a women's association and students in women’s schools, it was able to make the public recognize the need for female education and to drive the expansion of female writing in modern public media.
Female discourse in Jaseonbuinhoejabji focused on the interest in charity. The magazine was filled with writings of the members of Women's Charity Association, except for contributions and congratulatory messages. Most members were women who practiced philanthropies, participated in speeches and debates, and worked actively outside the family. They encouraged women’s charity activities under the motto of "charity is civilization," and insisted on thereby building a rich and powerful civilized nation to achieve happiness. In that sense, women were perceived as social beings who conduct charity work of parenting and educating in the family and the society. Although limited to charity, it was meaningful in that they informed the public of the social role of women who are away from home.
Uriui Kadyung led female discourse of the 1910s, which was related to modern women's lifestyle such as reading, taking a stroll and writing. However, such discourse did not extend to those related to the elevation of women's rights. That was because the interest of the editorial department was more in defining the family and the lives of women which are suitable for colonial modernization rather than in the very life of woman. Uriui Kadyung redefined the family of Joseon which had assumed a patriarchal large family community as a couple-centered family, and named wives the person who is in charge of the family. The magazine informed women of what they should be aware of, delivering the instructions of Japanese home economics as ordinary knowledge. Among them, the education of Japanese, which was intended to promote the relationship between Korean women and the Japanese,was a significant strategy for Japan-Joseon assimilation. Uriui Kadyung emphasized women's participation in business and social activities, but it was limited to the extent to which it would not conflict with the role in the family. The female gender role still stayed focused on the family, because it was believed that wives' role in the family was an important means of Japan-Joseon assimilation. One of the achievements of Uriui Kadyung in relation to women's lives, unlike the women's magazines in the 1900s, was that it served as an ongoing writing sphere for female readers in the early modern period. By contributing articles to it, female readers of the time were able to expand their identity from an enlightened reader to a writer who participated in modern public sphere.
It was not until Yeojagee that women participated in publishing magazines. Women’s discourse in Yeojagee showed a transition period when discourse on enlightenment, education, and family improvement, which were advocated in the 1910s, was transformed into discourse on liberation, freedom, and love. Especially after 1919, when women attempted to run magazines by themselves, female discourse emphasized liberation and rights of women as individuals which were equal to those of men. Yeojagee can be found significant in that it, as stated above, dealt with discussions on the life itself of a woman who had not been at the center of discourse until then. The discourse in Yeojagee allowed the society to recognize that a woman is a person and an individual prior to being a wife, mother, manager of the family.
Consequently, the women's magazines in the early modern period produced, distributed, and changed discourse which was related to women's lives, leading to changes in women's role and lifestyle. The magazines helped transform women who stayed readers and who were depicted as the objects for enlightenment into writers and main agents of enlightenment, that is, editors and modern intellectuals. As a result, women were able to demonstrate that they were readers, producers of discourse, and potential buyers for magazines.
주제어
#여성잡지 여성담론 근대적 생활양식 여성교육 여성독자 글쓰기 가정개량 현모양처 개인 가뎡잡지 녀ㅈㆍ지남 자선부인회잡지 우리의 가뎡 여자계 women's magazine female discourse modern lifestyle female education female reader writing family reform good wife and wise mother individual Kadyungjabji(가뎡잡지) Yeojajinam(녀ㅈㆍ지남) Jaseonbuinhoejabji(자선부인회잡지) Uriui Kadyung(우리의 가뎡) Yeojagee(여자계)
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