[학위논문]반추위 보호 아미노산 첨가가 in vitro 반추위 발효성상 및 착유우의 유생산과 유성분에 미치는 영향 Effects of supplementing rumen protected amino acids on rumen fermentation in vitro, and milk yield and milk composition of Holstein dairy cows원문보기
본 실험은 화학적인 방법으로 개발된 보호 아미노산(rumen protected amino acid; RPAA)이 in vitro 발효성상과 Holstein 착유우의 유량 및 유성분에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 실험에서는 기질사료로 Timothy 0.24 g과 농후사료 0.16 g (As-fed basis)을 사용하였으며 처리구별로 1) RPAA 무첨가(대조구), 2) 0.5% RP methionine (Met), 3) 0.5% RP-tryptophan (...
본 실험은 화학적인 방법으로 개발된 보호 아미노산(rumen protected amino acid; RPAA)이 in vitro 발효성상과 Holstein 착유우의 유량 및 유성분에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 실험에서는 기질사료로 Timothy 0.24 g과 농후사료 0.16 g (As-fed basis)을 사용하였으며 처리구별로 1) RPAA 무첨가(대조구), 2) 0.5% RP methionine (Met), 3) 0.5% RP-tryptophan (Trp), 4) 0.5% RP-valine, 5) 0.5% RP phenylalanine, 6) 0.5% RP-leucine, 7) 0.5% RP-iso-leucine, 8) 0.5% RP-histidine (His), 9) 20% RP-Met, 10) 20% RP-Trp (w/w feed)로 구성하였다. 반추위액은 stomach tube를 이용해 한우 2두에서 채취하여 McDougall’s buffer와 1:4의 비율로 혼합하였다. 각 배양병에 50 ml를 분주한 후 39℃에서 0, 6, 24시간동안 배양하였다. pH는 대조구에서 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). Total volatile fatty acid (mM)는 6시간대에 RP-Met 20%에서 다른 처리구들보다 가장 높았으며(P<0.05). 24시간대에는 RP-Met 20%에서 Acetate (molar proportion)가 가장 높았던 반면 propionate (molar proportion)는 6시간대에 가장 낮았다. In vitro 상에서 보호율을 평가했을 때 29.36-86.81%로 나타났다. In vivo 실험은 Holstein 40두를 대상으로 randomized block design으로 수행되었으며 산차, 착유일수, 유량, 체중을 기준으로 20두씩 대조구와 처리구로 분리하였다. RP Trp-Met His (17.25:8.4:4.35)는 착유우에게 두당 0 g (대조구)이나 30 g (처리구)씩 3주간 급여하였다. 유량 및 유성분은 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 처리구에서 혈장 내 Met (15.47 VS 19.39 µM), His (45.37 VS 50.27 µM) 농도가 대조구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 화학적인 방법으로 개발된 보호 아미노산을 첨가했을 시 i n vitro 상에서 보호율은 다른 시판중인 보호 아미노산과 비교했을 때 우수한 보호율을 보였다. Holstein에게 급여했을 시 유량 및 유성분에는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 혈장 내 Met과 His가 증가했던 점을 보아 보호 아미노산이 반추위에서 보호되어 소장의 흡수를 증가시켰다는 것을 시사하며 유량 및 유성분을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
본 실험은 화학적인 방법으로 개발된 보호 아미노산(rumen protected amino acid; RPAA)이 in vitro 발효성상과 Holstein 착유우의 유량 및 유성분에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 실험에서는 기질사료로 Timothy 0.24 g과 농후사료 0.16 g (As-fed basis)을 사용하였으며 처리구별로 1) RPAA 무첨가(대조구), 2) 0.5% RP methionine (Met), 3) 0.5% RP-tryptophan (Trp), 4) 0.5% RP-valine, 5) 0.5% RP phenylalanine, 6) 0.5% RP-leucine, 7) 0.5% RP-iso-leucine, 8) 0.5% RP-histidine (His), 9) 20% RP-Met, 10) 20% RP-Trp (w/w feed)로 구성하였다. 반추위액은 stomach tube를 이용해 한우 2두에서 채취하여 McDougall’s buffer와 1:4의 비율로 혼합하였다. 각 배양병에 50 ml를 분주한 후 39℃에서 0, 6, 24시간동안 배양하였다. pH는 대조구에서 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). Total volatile fatty acid (mM)는 6시간대에 RP-Met 20%에서 다른 처리구들보다 가장 높았으며(P<0.05). 24시간대에는 RP-Met 20%에서 Acetate (molar proportion)가 가장 높았던 반면 propionate (molar proportion)는 6시간대에 가장 낮았다. In vitro 상에서 보호율을 평가했을 때 29.36-86.81%로 나타났다. In vivo 실험은 Holstein 40두를 대상으로 randomized block design으로 수행되었으며 산차, 착유일수, 유량, 체중을 기준으로 20두씩 대조구와 처리구로 분리하였다. RP Trp-Met His (17.25:8.4:4.35)는 착유우에게 두당 0 g (대조구)이나 30 g (처리구)씩 3주간 급여하였다. 유량 및 유성분은 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 처리구에서 혈장 내 Met (15.47 VS 19.39 µM), His (45.37 VS 50.27 µM) 농도가 대조구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 화학적인 방법으로 개발된 보호 아미노산을 첨가했을 시 i n vitro 상에서 보호율은 다른 시판중인 보호 아미노산과 비교했을 때 우수한 보호율을 보였다. Holstein에게 급여했을 시 유량 및 유성분에는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 혈장 내 Met과 His가 증가했던 점을 보아 보호 아미노산이 반추위에서 보호되어 소장의 흡수를 증가시켰다는 것을 시사하며 유량 및 유성분을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
This study was conducted to evaluate effects of rumen protected amino acids (RPAA), which were recently chemically developed, on in vitro rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition for Holstein. Several RPAA were incubated with the mixture of timothy (0.24 g) and concentrate (0.16...
This study was conducted to evaluate effects of rumen protected amino acids (RPAA), which were recently chemically developed, on in vitro rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition for Holstein. Several RPAA were incubated with the mixture of timothy (0.24 g) and concentrate (0.16 g) feed substrates. Treatments consisted of 1) no RPAA supplement (CON), 2) 0.5% RP-methionine (Met), 3) 0.5% RP-tryptophan (Trp), 4) 0.5% RP-valine, 5) 0.5% RP-phenylalanine, 6) 0.5% RP-leucine, 7) 0.5% RP-iso-leucine, 8) 0.5% RP-histidine (His), 9) 20% RP-Met, 10) 20% RP-Trp (w/w feed). Rumen fluid was collected by stomach tube from the rumen of 2 Hanwoo cattle, strained and mixed with McDougall’s buffer in 1 to 4 ratios. Fifty ml of inoculum was dispensed in each serum bottle and was anaerobically incubated for 0, 6, 24 hours at 39℃ in triplicate. The pH was lower in control after 6 and 24 hours than those of the other treatments (P<0.05). Total VFA concentration of RP-Met 20% was higher than the rest of the treatments at 6 hours. RP-Met 20% supplementation had the highest molar proportion of acetate whereas the lowest proportion of propionate at 6 hours (P<0.05). In in vitro condition, protection rate of amino acid was observed to 29.36-89.81%. In In vivo experiment, forty Holstein were used in a randomized block design and were blocked by parity, milk yield, days in milk, and body weight with 20 cattle per treatments. RPAAs (Trp:Met:His=17.25:8.4:4.35) were top dressed on TMR with 0 (Control) or 30 g (treatment) per 1 cattle for 3 weeks. The results showed that compared to control, cattle fed protected amino acids had greater dry matter intake (P<0.05). Milk yield and milk protein were not significantly difference in control and treatment. However, treatment was significantly higher than control in Met (15.47 VS 19.39 µM) and His (45.37 VS 50.27 µM) of plasma amino acids. In conclusion, chemically developed RPAA showed a good potential as feed additive in Holstein dairy cows because in vitro protection rate of RPAA was higher as much as other RPAA products on the market. Although there was not significantly difference in in vivo milk yield and composition between control and treatment, blood plasma (Met, His) concentrate was increased, indicating absorption of RP amino acids in small intestine increased with protected from rumen.
This study was conducted to evaluate effects of rumen protected amino acids (RPAA), which were recently chemically developed, on in vitro rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition for Holstein. Several RPAA were incubated with the mixture of timothy (0.24 g) and concentrate (0.16 g) feed substrates. Treatments consisted of 1) no RPAA supplement (CON), 2) 0.5% RP-methionine (Met), 3) 0.5% RP-tryptophan (Trp), 4) 0.5% RP-valine, 5) 0.5% RP-phenylalanine, 6) 0.5% RP-leucine, 7) 0.5% RP-iso-leucine, 8) 0.5% RP-histidine (His), 9) 20% RP-Met, 10) 20% RP-Trp (w/w feed). Rumen fluid was collected by stomach tube from the rumen of 2 Hanwoo cattle, strained and mixed with McDougall’s buffer in 1 to 4 ratios. Fifty ml of inoculum was dispensed in each serum bottle and was anaerobically incubated for 0, 6, 24 hours at 39℃ in triplicate. The pH was lower in control after 6 and 24 hours than those of the other treatments (P<0.05). Total VFA concentration of RP-Met 20% was higher than the rest of the treatments at 6 hours. RP-Met 20% supplementation had the highest molar proportion of acetate whereas the lowest proportion of propionate at 6 hours (P<0.05). In in vitro condition, protection rate of amino acid was observed to 29.36-89.81%. In In vivo experiment, forty Holstein were used in a randomized block design and were blocked by parity, milk yield, days in milk, and body weight with 20 cattle per treatments. RPAAs (Trp:Met:His=17.25:8.4:4.35) were top dressed on TMR with 0 (Control) or 30 g (treatment) per 1 cattle for 3 weeks. The results showed that compared to control, cattle fed protected amino acids had greater dry matter intake (P<0.05). Milk yield and milk protein were not significantly difference in control and treatment. However, treatment was significantly higher than control in Met (15.47 VS 19.39 µM) and His (45.37 VS 50.27 µM) of plasma amino acids. In conclusion, chemically developed RPAA showed a good potential as feed additive in Holstein dairy cows because in vitro protection rate of RPAA was higher as much as other RPAA products on the market. Although there was not significantly difference in in vivo milk yield and composition between control and treatment, blood plasma (Met, His) concentrate was increased, indicating absorption of RP amino acids in small intestine increased with protected from rumen.
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