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제안 방법
- The experiment consisted of 7 days adaptation to the diet, followed by 2 days of sample collection.
- The cattle were in good conditions during the trial and were kept in individual pen. They were offered a maintenance diet at 1% DM of BW comprising of 60% OPF and 40% of mixed legume (AP and LB). The daily feed was offered to the cattle in two equal portions, one at 0900 h.
- (CP) degradation rates of the forages in the rumen were determined in the three canulated KK cattle using nylon bag technique. The experiment consisted of 7 days adaptation to the diet, followed by 2 days of sample collection. Nylon bags of 6 cmX 10 cm with average pore sizes of 40 micron were each filled with about 5 g of ground sample.
- Nylon bags of 6 cmX 10 cm with average pore sizes of 40 micron were each filled with about 5 g of ground sample. All samples prepared in duplicates, totaling 48 bags (4 variaties X 6 incubation times X duplicate) in the rumen of each animal for 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. After the specified incubation periods, the nylon bags removed from the rumen were immediately washed in washing machine for 10 min and then oven dried at 60C for 48 h.
대상 데이터
- Three Malaysia indigenous Kedah Kelantan (KK) cattle of about 2½ years of age and averaged body weight (BW) 173±17.15 kg each fitted with a ruminal and a duodenal cannulae were used.
- Four legume forages namely AP, GS, LR and LB were harvested at about 6 weeks old from the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) research farm at Serdang for the study. Short samples of about 10-30 cm from the growing points of the plant were cut and oven dried at 60℃ for 48 h, ground through 2 mm screen sieve and stored for chemical analysis, in sacco and mobile bag studies.
- Three Malaysia indigenous Kedah Kelantan (KK) cattle of about 2½ years of age and averaged body weight (BW) 173±17.15 kg each fitted with a ruminal and a duodenal cannulae were used. The cattle were in good conditions during the trial and were kept in individual pen.
이론/모형
- Separate samples of the same legumes (in duplicates) were prepared, incubated for 24 h in the rumen of the same cattle, washed and dried in similar manner as described above. The dried ruminal residue samples were used for measurement of intestinal digestibility using the mobile bag method described by Van Straalen et al. (1993). The ruminal residues from each of the four legumes in an amount of 0.
- The DM and CP degradation of samples were fitted to an exponential equation developed by Φrskov and McDonald, (1979) and McDonald, (1981) to calculate rate and extent of rumen digestion.
- The DM and CP degradation of samples were fitted to an exponential equation developed by 0rskov and McDonald, (1979) and McDonald, (1981) to calculate rate and extent of rumen digestion.
- Dry matter (DM), Organic matter (OM), and Kjeldahl-N of forage samples, ruminal and intestinal residues were determined by the AOAC (1984) procedures. Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL) were analysed as described by Goering and Van Soest (1970).
- The parameter measured in the degradability studies was calculated using the NEWAY computer program. Analysis of variance to determine DM and CP in the ruminal, intestinal and total tract digestibilities were analysed by the Statistical Analysis System Institute (SAS, 1998).
- Analysis of variance to determine DM and CP in the ruminal, intestinal and total tract digestibilities were analysed by the Statistical Analysis System Institute (SAS, 1998). The differences between treatment means were tested using the least significant difference method (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).
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