In this study, we examined the effects of dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol (DG) compared to conventional triacylglycerol (TG) oil on the postprandial response of total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA). This study was conducted using a cross-over design. Ninety subjects parti...
In this study, we examined the effects of dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol (DG) compared to conventional triacylglycerol (TG) oil on the postprandial response of total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA). This study was conducted using a cross-over design. Ninety subjects participated in the high-fat meal tolerance test where they were randomly assigned to consume two experimental sandwiches containing mayonnaise with TG or DG oil with a seven-day interval. Blood samples were collected before ingestion and at 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr time point after ingestion and analyzed for total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, FFA and phospholipid fatty acid composition. Both TG and DG ingestion had similar effects on postprandial TG response, but a different response from chylomicron TG. Compared with the TG group, TG levels were significantly lower only at 6 hr time point in the DG group. On the other hand, chylomicron TG rose steeply at 2 hr time point and decreased faster in this group. Also, the adjusted value to fasting levels was the same as the unadjusted level. Fasting levels and net differences in insulin were significantly lower at 3 hr time point where chylomicron TG levels were significantly lower in the DG group. But those of glucose and FFA in the TG and DG groups did not differ significantly. Fasting and postprandial levels of fatty acid composition in serum phospholipids in the two groups did not differ significantly. In conclusion, this study indicated that one could reduce the magnitude of postprandial lipemia without influencing glucose metabolism by consumning DG oil as a substitute for TG oil. Based on the correlation of coronary artery disease and postprandial lipemia, dietary DG ingestion might have a beneficial effect in treating such a disease. Further studies are required to clarify the long-tenn effects of dietary DG on blood lipid levels in humans.
In this study, we examined the effects of dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol (DG) compared to conventional triacylglycerol (TG) oil on the postprandial response of total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA). This study was conducted using a cross-over design. Ninety subjects participated in the high-fat meal tolerance test where they were randomly assigned to consume two experimental sandwiches containing mayonnaise with TG or DG oil with a seven-day interval. Blood samples were collected before ingestion and at 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr time point after ingestion and analyzed for total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin, FFA and phospholipid fatty acid composition. Both TG and DG ingestion had similar effects on postprandial TG response, but a different response from chylomicron TG. Compared with the TG group, TG levels were significantly lower only at 6 hr time point in the DG group. On the other hand, chylomicron TG rose steeply at 2 hr time point and decreased faster in this group. Also, the adjusted value to fasting levels was the same as the unadjusted level. Fasting levels and net differences in insulin were significantly lower at 3 hr time point where chylomicron TG levels were significantly lower in the DG group. But those of glucose and FFA in the TG and DG groups did not differ significantly. Fasting and postprandial levels of fatty acid composition in serum phospholipids in the two groups did not differ significantly. In conclusion, this study indicated that one could reduce the magnitude of postprandial lipemia without influencing glucose metabolism by consumning DG oil as a substitute for TG oil. Based on the correlation of coronary artery disease and postprandial lipemia, dietary DG ingestion might have a beneficial effect in treating such a disease. Further studies are required to clarify the long-tenn effects of dietary DG on blood lipid levels in humans.
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문제 정의
In this study, we examined the effects of functional oil DG compared with commonly used TG oil on the postprandial responses of total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin and FFA. It was found that DG ingestion might have a more beneficial effect on clearance of TG or chylomicron TG without influencing glucose meta bolism.
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of dietary DG on the postprandial response of total and cliylomicron TG, glucose, insulin and FFA in healthy human subjects.
제안 방법
On the first day of the experiment, participants were randomly assigned to consume one of two types of sandwich, containing mayonnaise with TG or DG oil. After a seven-day interval, they consumed the kind of sandwich that was not eaten on the first day.
Serum phospholipid FA composition was analyzed using the modified method of Folch, 21) and gas chromatography (Hewlett Packard 6890, Wilmington, DE, USA). The temperature of the injection and detector ports were set at 280 °C/min and retention time was 40 minutes.
The ninety test subjects took the high-fat meal tolerance test under a randomized cross-over design. On the first day of the experiment, participants were randomly assigned to consume one of two types of sandwich, containing mayonnaise with TG or DG oil.
대상 데이터
TG and DG oil composition and contents are presented in Table 1. DG oil was composed of 1, 3-DG (58.0%, wt/wt), 1, 2-DG (26.0%, wt/wt), TG (16.0%, wt/wt) and TG oil composed of TG (100.0%, wt/wt). The FA content of the DG oil (285.
Excluded was anyone who had experienced weight changes within the past 6 months, was taking medication, or had any type of disease such as diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease or cancer. Ninety people (male: 62, female: 28) were selected as study participants. Written informed consent was obtained from all of the study subjects and the protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Yonsei University.
데이터처리
). An independent t-test was used for differences between the TG and DG groups. Frequency distributions were tested using the chi-square test.
이론/모형
Tokyo, Japan). After precipitation of serum chylomicron, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and VLDL with dextran sulfate-magnesium, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol left in the supernatant was measured using an enzymatic method. LDL cholesterol was estimated indirectly using the Friedewald formula for subjects with serum TG concentrations < 4.
An independent t-test was used for differences between the TG and DG groups. Frequency distributions were tested using the chi-square test.
FFA was analyzed using a Hitachi 7150 autoanalyzer (Hitachi Ltd, Tokyo Japan). Postprandial responses of glucose, insulin and FFA to the fat challenge were calculated using the trapezoidal method as area under curve (AUC).
성능/효과
1, 3-DG also metabolizes into 1-MG and FFA through digestion but experiences difficulty in re-forming into 1, 2-DG or 2, 3-DG because 아le affinities of 1-MG and 3-MG to monoacylglycerolacyltransferase in the epithelial cells of the small intestine are lower than that of 2-MG.") Related to this mechanism, our results indicated that ingestion of 1, 3-DG instead of TG might be more effective in terms of clearance of total and chylmicron TG and much more effective in terms of clearance of chylomicron TG than total TG in the postprandial state. Chylomicron remnants are known to be formed by the action of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) on the vascular wall.
In conclusion, this study indicated that one can reduce the magnitude of postprandial lipemia without influenc ing glucose metabolism by consuming DG oil in place of TG oil. Based on the correlation of coronary artery disease and postprandial lipemia, dietary DG ingestion might have a beneficial effect on treating such diseases.
25) In addition, the activation of LPL is controlled by the concentration of insulin. In this study, chylomiron TG levels at 3 hr time point fell sharply in the DG group, which might be a result of sharply decreased insulin levels at that time. In terms of fasting levels and net differences in glucose and FFA, there were no significant differences between the TG and DG groups.
insulin and FFA. It was found that DG ingestion might have a more beneficial effect on clearance of TG or chylomicron TG without influencing glucose meta bolism.
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