[논문]Occurrence of Fungal Species and Mycotoxins from Decayed Sugarcane (Saccharrum officinarum) in Egypt

Abd-Elaah, Gamalat A.; Samya, Soliman A.

doi:10.4489/myco.2005.33.2.077

Occurrence of Fungal Species and Mycotoxins from Decayed Sugarcane (Saccharrum officinarum) in Egypt 원문보기

Mycobiology, v.33 no.2, 2005년, pp.77 - 83

Abd-Elaah, Gamalat A. (Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University) , Samya, Soliman A. (Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University)

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Seventy-three fungal species belonging to forty-three genera were isolated from 40 samples of Saccharrum officinarum (collected from Naage-Hamadi canal in Qena Governorate, Egypt). Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Mucor and Pythium were the most common genera on the two isolation media. The dominant species of Aspergillus were A. niger, A. flavus, A. ustus, A. terreus and A. wentii. Some species were dominant on 40 g/l sucrose such as Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Emericella nidulans, Trichoderma viride, Torula herbarum and Mamaria echinoeotryoides, while the dominant species on 10 g/l glucose were Mucor circinelloides, Aspergillus niger, Torula herbarum and Trichoderma viride. Mycotoxins including aflatoxins $B_1,\;B_2,\;G_1\;and\;G_2$, zearalenone and diacetoxyscirpenol were detected in the examined samples of Saccharrum officinarum. The mycelial growth of A. flavus, A. niger, Fusarium moniliforme and Torula herbarum decreased with the increase in Dimethoate concentrations, although 25 ppm was less effective than the higher levels of the insecticide ($75{\sim}200\;ppm$). Dimethoate stimulated the activity of Go-Tin A. niger, F. moniliforme and T. harbarum, while the Go-T activity was inhibited in A. flavus with the Dimethoate treatments.

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These segments were placed on the surface of two solidified media, glucose (10 g/l) and sucrose (40 g/l)Czapek's agar to which chloromphnicol was added as a bacteriostatic agent (Smith and Dawson, 1944). Five Petri plates of tested medium were used for each stem sample. Plates were incubated at 25℃ for one week.

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Cladosporium herbarume Cunninghamella elegans, Saccharomyces spp., Fusarium moniliforme and Cephalosporium curtipes were of moderate occurrence, they comprised 1.25~3.49% of the total fungi recovered. The following genera namely Curvularia tetramera.
, 1977) and carcinogenic for human liver (Smith and Moss, 1985). Based on visual estimation, when the sugarcane samples were sutgected to aflatoxin screening, A. niger, A. ustus and Emericella nidulans were not toxin producers. Similarly, the isolated Colletotrichum dematium was also not toxin producer.
8% of the total fiingi, respectively. Each of Gliomastix cerealis and Melanospora fallax were of low occurrence (20% of the samples), matching 1.0% and 0.6% of total fungi, respectively.
8% of the total number of fungi. It was represented by 7 species of which A. flavus (8.78%), A. niger (30.4%), and A. ustus (4.4%) were of high occurrence. These Aspergillus species were also recovered from sugarcane leaves, stem, bagasse and juice by Higgy et al.
The following genera namely Curvularia tetramera. Mammaria echinoeotryoides, Penicillium luteum and Pythium intermedium were represented by low occurrence and constituting Ll~2.3% of the total fungi recovered. The remaining genera and species were represented by rare occurrence (5.
1% of the total count of the isolates. Mucor came third and it was represented by four species namely, M. circinelloides, M. heimalis, M. plumbeus, and M. racemosus constituting 0.2~7.6% of the total fungi recovered (Table 1). Torula was represented by two species namely, T.
The results indicated that the Dimethoate treatments stimulated the Go-T activity in A. niger and inhibited it in A. flavus, as compared with the respective control values (Table 3 and Fig. 2). The activity of Go-T in F.
officinarum) samples using glucose or sucrose as a carbon source were listed in Table 1. These results showed that numbers of fungi were greatest on 10 g/Z glucose medium than 40 g// sucrose medium, while, the number of species isolated on sucrose medium was more diverse than that recovered on glucose medium. In this respect, 26 species belonging to 18 genera were collected from the 40 samples of sugarcane on glucose-medium, while thirty-eight species belonging to twenty-six genera were collected on the sucrose-medium.
Trichoderma, Emericella, and Torula were the second in occurrence. These were recovered from 85%, 75% and 90% of the tested samples and represented by high occurrence by 19.4%, 11.9% and 7.9% of the total fungal, respectively. Each was represented by one species namely, Trichoderma viride, Emericella nidulans and Torula herbarum.
terreus. Trichoderma (80% of the samples) was second to Aspergillus and was represented by one species namely, T. viride which constitutes 16.1% of the total count of the isolates. Mucor came third and it was represented by four species namely, M.

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Occurrence of Fungal Species and Mycotoxins from Decayed Sugarcane (Saccharrum officinarum) in Egypt 원문보기

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Occurrence of Fungal Species and Mycotoxins from Decayed Sugarcane (Saccharrum officinarum) in Egypt 원문보기

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