한국 논 생태계에서 수생식물 다양성에 대한 Sulfonylurea계 제초제의 영향평가 Impact assessment of sulfonylurea herbicides to the diversity of aquatic plants in paddy farming system of Korea원문보기
본 연구는 국내 논에 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 설포닐우레아계 제초제에 대한 몇몇 수생식물의 반응과, 생물다양성 보존위하여 제초제 특히 sulfonylurea계 제초제가 농업환경에 미치는 영향평가를 위한 지표식물의 가능성을 구명하고자 실시하였다. sulfonylurea계 제초제와 부타크르를 각각 다년간 사용하고 있는 전라남도와 강원도의 논 생태계에서 수생식물의 분포를 조사한 결과 강원도에서 훨씬 다양한 수생식물이 확인되었다. 수생식물인 물옥잠, 네가래, 그리고 생이가래는 비설포닐우레아계 제초제인 butachlor와 molinate 보다 bensulfuron-methyl과 pyrazosulfuron-ethy에 훨씬 민감하게 반응하였다. 물옥잠, 네가래, 그리고 생이가래의 건물중을 50%억제하는 $GR_{50}$ 값은 bensulfuron-methyl과 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl이 butachlor와 molinate 보다 훨씬 낮았다. 논으로부터 유출된 제초제에 대하여 네가래의 생육은 심하게 억제되었다. 그리고 네가래에 대한 bensulfuron-methyl과 pyrazosulfuron-ethy의 $I_{50}$ 수치는 각각 5.6 및 2.1nM을 보였다.
본 연구는 국내 논에 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 설포닐우레아계 제초제에 대한 몇몇 수생식물의 반응과, 생물다양성 보존위하여 제초제 특히 sulfonylurea계 제초제가 농업환경에 미치는 영향평가를 위한 지표식물의 가능성을 구명하고자 실시하였다. sulfonylurea계 제초제와 부타크르를 각각 다년간 사용하고 있는 전라남도와 강원도의 논 생태계에서 수생식물의 분포를 조사한 결과 강원도에서 훨씬 다양한 수생식물이 확인되었다. 수생식물인 물옥잠, 네가래, 그리고 생이가래는 비설포닐우레아계 제초제인 butachlor와 molinate 보다 bensulfuron-methyl과 pyrazosulfuron-ethy에 훨씬 민감하게 반응하였다. 물옥잠, 네가래, 그리고 생이가래의 건물중을 50%억제하는 $GR_{50}$ 값은 bensulfuron-methyl과 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl이 butachlor와 molinate 보다 훨씬 낮았다. 논으로부터 유출된 제초제에 대하여 네가래의 생육은 심하게 억제되었다. 그리고 네가래에 대한 bensulfuron-methyl과 pyrazosulfuron-ethy의 $I_{50}$ 수치는 각각 5.6 및 2.1nM을 보였다.
This study was conducted to evaluate the response of the selected aquatic plants to sulfonylurea(SU)-herbicides, which have been used widely in rice-cultivating areas in Korea, and the possibility of using them as bio-indicator species for biodiversity conservation. The aquatic plants identified in ...
This study was conducted to evaluate the response of the selected aquatic plants to sulfonylurea(SU)-herbicides, which have been used widely in rice-cultivating areas in Korea, and the possibility of using them as bio-indicator species for biodiversity conservation. The aquatic plants identified in Kangwon province where butachlor have been used extensively for many years were much more varied than those in Chonnam where SU-herbicides have been used extensively for many years. The growth responses of Monochoria korsakowii, Marsilea quadrifolia and Salvinia natans to sulfonylurea herbicides such as bensulfuron-methyl(BSM) and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl(PSE), were much more sensitive than those to butachlor and molinate. The $GR_{50}$ values of BSM and PSE for M. korsakowii, M. quadrifolia and S. natans were relatively very low when compared with those of butachlor and molinate. The number of internode and dry weight of M. quadrifolia which was exposed to herbicides runoff from rice fields were seriously affected. The acetolactate synthase(ALS) activities of M. quadrifolia sensitively inhibited by BSM and PSE were, and $I_{50}$(Inhibition 50%) were 5.6 and 2.1 nM, respectively.
This study was conducted to evaluate the response of the selected aquatic plants to sulfonylurea(SU)-herbicides, which have been used widely in rice-cultivating areas in Korea, and the possibility of using them as bio-indicator species for biodiversity conservation. The aquatic plants identified in Kangwon province where butachlor have been used extensively for many years were much more varied than those in Chonnam where SU-herbicides have been used extensively for many years. The growth responses of Monochoria korsakowii, Marsilea quadrifolia and Salvinia natans to sulfonylurea herbicides such as bensulfuron-methyl(BSM) and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl(PSE), were much more sensitive than those to butachlor and molinate. The $GR_{50}$ values of BSM and PSE for M. korsakowii, M. quadrifolia and S. natans were relatively very low when compared with those of butachlor and molinate. The number of internode and dry weight of M. quadrifolia which was exposed to herbicides runoff from rice fields were seriously affected. The acetolactate synthase(ALS) activities of M. quadrifolia sensitively inhibited by BSM and PSE were, and $I_{50}$(Inhibition 50%) were 5.6 and 2.1 nM, respectively.
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문제 정의
This experiment was conducted to investigate impact of herbicide runoff from paddy fields to aquatic plants. Water samples were collected 15 days after herbicides application from irrigation ditches connected to rice fields of 20(sample 1) and 15 ha(sample 2) in which PSE/fentrazamide and azimsulfuron/molinate had been used, respectively.
제안 방법
However, those of Kangwon province in which machine transplanting of 30-day-old seedling has been used, butachlor have mainly used were used for many years. Considering these situations, BSM, PSE, butachlor, and molinate used in this experiment at the recommended doses of 51, 21, 1, 500 and 1, 500 g ai ha'1 for each herbicide. All the plants were collected 20 days after herbicide application and were oven-dried for 2 days at 60 ℃ to determine biomass.
Data were expressed as percentage of untreated control to standardize herbicides tested. GR50 values were calculated from exhibiting 50% reduction of diy weight of aquatic plant treated with different herbicide rates, and all treatments for each measurement were made in triplicates.
Regression equations derived from the dry weights of M. korsakowii, M. quadrifolia and S. natans and BSM, PSE, butachlor and molinate were used to calculate GR50 values(Table 3). The GR50 values of BSM and PSE, for M.
The experiment was conducted with three replications in a growth chamber(E-15, Conviron's, Canada) maintained at 27/22 ℃ (day/night), and 12 hs photoperiod (day/night). Twenty germinated seeds of M.
0. Then, in the mixtures, 0, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 pM solutions of BSM and PSE were prepared. ALS activity was determined as described by Westerfield(1945) with some modifications at 525 nm using a spectrophotometer(UV4, Unicam, USA).
대상 데이터
Seeds of M, korsakowii were stored at 2 ℃ for two months to break dormancy. Plants of M. quadrifolia and S. natans were cultured in the glasshouse of the National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Suwon City(37°13'N, 126°55'E), Kyeonggi province.
Seeds of M. korsakowii were obtained from the reservoir in Pyeongchang(37°31'N, 128°33'E), Kangwon province where herbicides have never been used. Plants of M.
been used for many years. The survey centers in Chonnam and Kangwon provinces were Naju(35°01'N, 126°5TE) and Pyeongchang(37°3rN, 128°33'E), respectively. Twenty sampling areas in each province, and 20 sites for each sampling area, were surveyed in July, 2000 and 2004, respectively.
Three aquatic plants, M. korsakowii, M. quadrifolia and S. natans were used in this study. M.
The survey centers in Chonnam and Kangwon provinces were Naju(35°01'N, 126°5TE) and Pyeongchang(37°3rN, 128°33'E), respectively. Twenty sampling areas in each province, and 20 sites for each sampling area, were surveyed in July, 2000 and 2004, respectively. Sampling sites were paddy fields, irrigation ditches and irrigation ponds.
이론/모형
5 mM MgCk, and desalted on small column of Sephadex G-25 (Pharmacia PD-10) equilibrated with the same buffer. Protein was determined using the method of Lowry et al. (1951).
성능/효과
The GR50 values of BSM and PSE, for M. korsakowii were relatively very low 1, 500 of butachlor and molinate, respectively.
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