Panigrahi, B.
(Division of Livestock Production & Management, Indian Veterinary Research Institute)
,
Pandey, H.N.
(Division of Livestock Production & Management, Indian Veterinary Research Institute)
,
Pattanaik, A.K.
(Centre of Advanced Studies in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute)
The effects of pre-partum feeding management in terms of birth weight, growth, metabolic profile and immunity of calves were studied using 24 crossbred (Bos taurus${\times}$Bos indicus) cows, divided into three equal groups. The dietary treatments included feeding of either 3.0 kg concent...
The effects of pre-partum feeding management in terms of birth weight, growth, metabolic profile and immunity of calves were studied using 24 crossbred (Bos taurus${\times}$Bos indicus) cows, divided into three equal groups. The dietary treatments included feeding of either 3.0 kg concentrate/head/d throughout the 60 d pre-partum (T$_1$), or 3.0 kg concentrate during 60-22 d pre-partum and thereafter at an increased allowance at 0.25 kg/d during the next 21 d till it reached 1% of live weight (T$_2$). The third group of cows was fed similar to T$_2$, except that the concentrate feeding during 60-22 d pre-partum was reduced to 2.0 kg (T$_3$). All the groups had access to ad libitum green fodder throughout. The results revealed that the mean daily dry matter (DM) intake by the cows was similar (p>0.05) among the three groups during the 60 days of the pre-partum but T2 animals tended to gain more live weight (41.25 kg) than T$_1$ (38.12 kg) and T$_3$ (36.25 kg). The body condition score of the cows did not change appreciably over the experimental period. The mean birth weight of the calves was 24.00${\pm}$1.10, 24.63${\pm}$1.17 and 23.25${\pm}$1.19 kg for the three groups, respectively, with the corresponding average daily gain of 154.2, 155.0 and 169.7 g during the subsequent 60 days; both these parameters did not vary significantly ascribable to prepartum feeding regimens of their dams. The total immunoglobulin (Ig) concentration in the colostrum was 6.31${\pm}$0.34, 5.80${\pm}$0.21 and 6.13${\pm}$0.30 g/dl for the three groups, respectively, showing no influence of dietary treatments. The mean serum Ig levels (T$_1$ 2.10${\pm}$0.09, T$_2$ 2.05${\pm}$0.09 and T$_3$ 2.10${\pm}$0.12 g/dl) of calves at 5 d of age were similar among the dietary groups as was the case with various serum biochemical constituents. It is concluded that the variations in pre-partum dietary management elicited no significant influence on the calf performance including the immune status.
The effects of pre-partum feeding management in terms of birth weight, growth, metabolic profile and immunity of calves were studied using 24 crossbred (Bos taurus${\times}$Bos indicus) cows, divided into three equal groups. The dietary treatments included feeding of either 3.0 kg concentrate/head/d throughout the 60 d pre-partum (T$_1$), or 3.0 kg concentrate during 60-22 d pre-partum and thereafter at an increased allowance at 0.25 kg/d during the next 21 d till it reached 1% of live weight (T$_2$). The third group of cows was fed similar to T$_2$, except that the concentrate feeding during 60-22 d pre-partum was reduced to 2.0 kg (T$_3$). All the groups had access to ad libitum green fodder throughout. The results revealed that the mean daily dry matter (DM) intake by the cows was similar (p>0.05) among the three groups during the 60 days of the pre-partum but T2 animals tended to gain more live weight (41.25 kg) than T$_1$ (38.12 kg) and T$_3$ (36.25 kg). The body condition score of the cows did not change appreciably over the experimental period. The mean birth weight of the calves was 24.00${\pm}$1.10, 24.63${\pm}$1.17 and 23.25${\pm}$1.19 kg for the three groups, respectively, with the corresponding average daily gain of 154.2, 155.0 and 169.7 g during the subsequent 60 days; both these parameters did not vary significantly ascribable to prepartum feeding regimens of their dams. The total immunoglobulin (Ig) concentration in the colostrum was 6.31${\pm}$0.34, 5.80${\pm}$0.21 and 6.13${\pm}$0.30 g/dl for the three groups, respectively, showing no influence of dietary treatments. The mean serum Ig levels (T$_1$ 2.10${\pm}$0.09, T$_2$ 2.05${\pm}$0.09 and T$_3$ 2.10${\pm}$0.12 g/dl) of calves at 5 d of age were similar among the dietary groups as was the case with various serum biochemical constituents. It is concluded that the variations in pre-partum dietary management elicited no significant influence on the calf performance including the immune status.
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제안 방법
on a staggered basis according to the days of pregnancy obtained from the breeding record of animals. On the basis of the available records of gestation period of cow, the experimental animals were inducted into the study 3 to 4 days earlier to the actual date of experiment so that they could adjust to the new environment
The body weight of individual cows was recorded at the onset of experiment and thereafter at weekly intervals up to parturition to estimate the body weight changes.
Cows were offered weighed quantities of concentrate after recording of residues, if any, at 8:00 h followed by green forages at 11:00 h. The body weight of individual cows was recorded at the onset of experiment and thereafter at weekly intervals up to parturition to estimate the body weight changes. The body weight loss at parturition was estimated by prepartum body weight and weight after calving (after dropping of the placenta).
The distribution of the cows were balanced for initial body weight, parity and anticipated cal.,ing date and were randomly allocated to three treatment groups in a completely randomized block design resulting in eight cows per treatment group.
The animals were inducted into the experiment exactly two months before expected dates of calving. The distribution of the cows were balanced for initial body weight, parity and anticipated calving date and were randomly allocated to three treatment groups in a completely randomized block design resulting in eight cows per treatment group. The cows were introduced in the experiment as and when available i.
데이터처리
The data generated were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The differences between the means were ascertained by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.
The data generated were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA).
The differences between the means were ascertained by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.
The data generated were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The differences between the means were ascertained by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. All the statistical procedures were carried out as per Snedecor and Cochran (1989) using SPSS package (7.
이론/모형
The differences between the means were ascertained by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. All the statistical procedures were carried out as per Snedecor and Cochran (1989) using SPSS package (7.5).
The body weight loss at parturition was estimated by prepartum body weight and weight after calving (after dropping of the placenta). The body condition of individual cows was estimated by using visual body condition scoring (BCS) developed by Edmonson et al. (1989) adopting a 1 to 5 point scale using 0.5 unit increments.
성능/효과
Based on the findings it could be concluded that the scale of manipulation of prepartum nutrition of crossbred cows employed in the present study did not impart any significant influence on the cow performance as well as the birth weight, immunity and growth of their calves. In such a scenario, the T3 treatment offers an economic alternative considering it used the least quantity of concentrate supplement to attain a performance at par with the other two groups.
0 kg concentrate supplement at a flat rate through out the last 60 d gestation along with ad libitum green forage (T1) taken as control. Considering the fact that the existing standard not commensurating the changing requirement over the length of gestation, the second group of animals were fed at 3.0 kg concentrate per head per day from 60 to 22 day prepartum and thereafter the daily concentrate allowance was increased at 0.25 kg/d during the next 21 d till it reached 1% of live weight (T2). The third group of animals (T3), on the other hand, were fed initially i.
후속연구
In such a scenario, the T3 treatment offers an economic alternative considering it used the least quantity of concentrate supplement to attain a performance at par with the other two groups. However, further research is needed to optimize the prepartum nutrition as applicable to crossbred dairy cows in the tropics.
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