[논문]Compatibility of biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) blends for packaging application

Bhatia, Amita; Gupta, Rahul K.; Bhattacharya, Sati. N.; Choi, H.J.

Compatibility of biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) blends for packaging application 원문보기

Korea-Australia rheology journal, v.19 no.3, 2007년, pp.125 - 131

Bhatia, Amita (Rheology and Materials Processing Centre, School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University) , Gupta, Rahul K. (Rheology and Materials Processing Centre, School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University) , Bhattacharya, Sati. N. (Rheology and Materials Processing Centre, School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University) , Choi, H.J. (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Biodegradable polymeric blends are expected to be widely used by industry due to their environmental friendliness and comparable mechanical and thermal properties. Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) are such biodegradable polymers which aim to replace commodity polymers in future applications. Since cost and brittleness of PLA is quite high, it is not economically feasible to use it alone for day to day use as a packaging material without blending. In this study, blends of PLA and PBS with various compositions were prepared by using a laboratory-scale twin-screw extruder at $180^{\circ}C$. Morphological, thermal, rheological and mechanical properties were investigated on the samples obtained by compression molding to explore suitability of these compositions for packaging applications. Morphology of the blends was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Morphology showed a clear phase difference trend depending on blend composition. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) thermograms of the blends indicated that the glass transition temperature ($T_g$) of PLA did not change much with the addition of PBS, but analysis showed that for PLA/PBS blend of up to 80/20 composition there is partial miscibility between the two polymers. The tensile strength and modulus were measured by the Instron Universal Testing Machine. Tensile strength, modulus and percentage (%) elongation at break of the blends decreased with PBS content. However, tensile strength and modulus values of PLA/PBS blend for up to 80/20 composition nearly follow the mixing rule. Rheological results also show miscibility between the two polymers for PBS composition less than 20% by weight. PBS reduced the brittleness of PLA, thus making it a contender to replace plastics for packaging applications. This work found a partial miscibility between PBS and PLA by investigating thermal, mechanical and morphological properties.

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문제 정의

The objective of this research is to produce a blend from PLA and PBS and investigate the mechanical and rheological properties of the blends. Miscibility of the two biodegradable polymers was also studied by MDSC experiments and SEM images of these blends.
All the properties of the blends were compared with that of the neat or virgin polymers. This study further aimed to obtain an extensive understanding of the environmental hazardous issues caused by solid waste of the commodity plastics by considering replacement with biodegradable PLA and PBS polymer blends.

제안 방법

The linear viscoelastic response of blends was determined by measuring their storage (G‘)and loss (G‘‘)moduli at 200℃ to confirm that the dynamic properties were conducted in the linear viscoelastic region. PLA, PBS and their blends were fb_니nd to be within the linear viscoelastic range for up to 10 wt% strain.

대상 데이터

PLA polymer (4032D-grade, biaxially oriented films) from NatureWorks produced by Cargill Dow LLC was used in this study. PLA has negligible solubility in water and has a melting point of 170℃.

이론/모형

All tests were done according to ASTM D638 standard. Tests for neat PLA and blends were carried out with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min and 50 mrn/min for neat PBS.
Shear rheological properties of each blend and neat polymers were measured using an Advanced Rheometric Expansion System (ARES) using 50 mm parallel plate geometry. Tests were performed at 200℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere to avoid any degradation.

성능/효과

(1995) studied the various blends including PLA and Poly (e-caprolactone) (PCL). Their DSC results concluded PLA /PCL blends as immiscible because blends showed a very slight shift in melting endotherm. SEM for PLA/PCL also gave a two phase separation system agreeing to the results of DSC.

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