[논문]태풍의 온대성 저기압화에 대한 간단한 소개 및 최근 세 태풍의 사례분석: 산산(0613), 야기(0614), 솔릭(0618)을 중심으로

최기선; 김백조

doi:10.5467/jkess.2007.28.7.947

초록
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이 연구는 태풍의 온대성 저기압화에 대해 간단히 소개하고 Evans and Hart(2003)와 Hart(2003_의 객관적 온대성 저기압화 판별식을 이용하여 최근 온대성 저기압화를 거친 세 태풍(Shanshan, Yaki, Soulik)에 대한 사례분석이 이루어졌다. 500-hPa 고도장분석에서 온대성 저기압화 시작시 세 태풍 모두 중위도 경압지역으로 북상하는 공통된 특성을 보였다. 그러나 연직단면 분석에서는 온대성 저기압화의 시작전 시 태풍 중심부근의 모든 층에서 온난 다습한 특성을 보였다. 온대성 저기압화 이후에는 이 개념모델의 전형적 특성인 태풍의 서쪽영역에 한랭 건조한 특성을 나타내었다. 따라서 Evans and Hart(2003)와 Hart(2003)의 객관적 온대성저기압화의 판별식은 태풍의 온대성저기압화 시작 및 구조변화를 잘 반영하므로 기상청 예보현업에서도 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In this article, the extratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclone (TC) was investigated based on the case study covering the latest three TCs (Shanshaa Yaki, and Soulik) associated with ET evolution (onset and completion) using the objective 37 diagnostics of Evans and Hart (2003) and Hart (200...

In this article, the extratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclone (TC) was investigated based on the case study covering the latest three TCs (Shanshaa Yaki, and Soulik) associated with ET evolution (onset and completion) using the objective 37 diagnostics of Evans and Hart (2003) and Hart (2003). At 500-hPa level, on an onset of ET, all three TCs entered the baroclinic zone. In a vertical cross-section analysis, three TCs before and at an onset of ET kept warm and humid throughout all levels around the TC center. However, these TCs after ET onset became relatively cold and dry over the western part of TC as the typical characteristics of ET concept model. Although our case study was not sufficient, it is concluded that the diagnostics of the ET onset and atmospheric structure change associated with Evans and Hart (2003) and Hart (2003) will be useful in ET operational forecast.

주제어

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문제 정의

This research was carried out as a part of uAdvanced typhoon analysis and forecast system developmente supported by the National Institute of Meteorological Res%rch in the Korean Meteorological Administration.

제안 방법

In order to examine the possibility of applying the diagnostics of EH₂₀03 and H₂₀03 as a operational ET onset time, the 500-hPa geopotential height field before and after ET onset was analyzed (Fig. 2). Within one day before ET onset, three TCs do not reach the baroclinic zone yet.
In this study, the first one of the three parameters of EH2003 and H₂₀03 was used to describe the general structure of cyclones of the lower-tropospheric thermal asymmetry. EH₂₀03 pointed out that this first parameter is more successful in succinctly describing and differentiating the structure of tropical and extratropical cyclones than other parameters (e.
The focuses of this paper are two part이 to simply introduce ET of TC and to apply the objective diagnostic on the extratropical transformation to the three TC cases over WNP. The objective diagnostic was selected from those described in the studies of Klein et al.

대상 데이터

In order to select the 61 ET cases of TC, the present study used the dataset of TC best-track for the WNP that has been archived by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers (RSMC)-Tbkyo during the period of 2002-2006. This dataset includes 6-hourly latitude-longitude positions and intensity such as central pressure (hPa) and maximum sustained wind (MSW; kt) of TCs.
the period of 2002-2006. This dataset includes 6-hourly latitude-longitude positions and intensity such as central pressure (hPa) and maximum sustained wind (MSW; kt) of TCs. Here, the MSW along the TC intensity is divided into 4 grades such as tropical depression (TD; MSW <34kt), tropical storm (TS; 34kt < MSW < 47kt), severe tropic시 storm (STS; 48kt < MSW < 63kt) and typhoon (TY; MSW 느 64kt).

성능/효과

Brand and Guard (1979) added the dissipation type to the definition of Matano and Sekioka (1971a). Recently, Suzuki (2000) summarized the features of ET as follows: 1) the "roundness" of the cloud pattern was similar to that at its mature stage, 2) the significant cirrus streak associated the upper outflow in the northwest quadrant of the cyclone center, 3) a convective cloud line extending to the southwest from near the cyclone center (although a surface cold front did not correspond to it), and 4) the distinct dark zones in water vapour imagery were to the west and to the east of the cyclone center, which were associated with a 300-hPa trough and a subtropical anticyclone, respectively.

후속연구

(2000), Evans and Hart (2003, hereafter EH2003), and Hart (2003, hereafter H₂₀03) over the Atlantic and western Australian basins. Eventually, this paper aims to support the operational forecasting of ET evolution and predictability.

참고문헌 (17)

Choi, K.S., Kim, B.J., and Lee, J.Y., 2007, The features of extratropical transition for western North Pacific tropical cyclones: Climatology and evolution. Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, submitted
Brand, S. and Guard, C.P., 1979, An observational study of extratropical storms evolved from tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 57, 479-483

상세보기
Evans, J.L. and Hart, R.E., 2003, Objective indicators of the life cycle evolution of extratropical transition for Atlantic Tropical Cyclones. Monthly Weather Review, 131, 909-925

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Foley, G.R., and Hanstrum, B.N., 1994, The capture of tropical cyclones by cold fronts off the west coast of Australia. Weather and Forecasting, 9, 577-592

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Harr, P. and Elsberry, R.L., 2000, Extratropical transition of tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific. Part I: Evolution of structural characteristics during the transition process. Monthly Weather Review, 128, 2613-2633

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Hart, R.E., 2003, A cyclone phase space derived from thermal wind and thermal asymmetry. Monthly Weather Review, 131, 585-616

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Hart, R.E. and Evans, J.L., 2001, A climatology of extratropical transition of Atlantic tropical cyclones. Journal of Climate, 14, 546-564

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Kanamitsu, M., 1989, Description of the NMC global data assimilation and forecast system. Weather and Forecasting, 4, 335-342

상세보기
Kitanabe, N, 2002, Extratropical transformation of typhoon Vicki (9807): Structural change and the role of upper-tropospheric disturbances. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 80, 229-247

상세보기
Klein, P., Harr, P., and Elsberry, R.L., 2000, Extratropical transition of western North Pacific tropical cyclones: An overview and conceptual model of the transformation stage. Weather and Forecasting, 15, 373-396

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Kwon, H.J. and Kim, J.Y., 2005, On extratropical transition of tropical cyclone Mindulle. Journal of Atmosphere, 15, 17-25
Malmquist, D., 1999, Meteorologists and insurers explore extratropical transition of tropical cyclones. Eos, Trans. American Geophysical Union, 80, 79-80
Matano, H. and Sekioka, M., 1971a, On the synoptic structure of typhoon Cora, 1969, as the compound system of tropical and extratropical cyclones. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 49, 282-295

상세보기
Sekioka, M., 1956, A hypothesis on complex of tropical and extratropical cyclones for typhoon in the middle latitudes, Part I: Synoptic structure of Typhoon Marie passing over the Japan Sea. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 34, 276-287

상세보기
Suzuki, K., 2000, Characteristics of extratropical transition of tropical cyclones in satellite imagery. Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note, 38, 21-42 (in Japanese)
Thorncroft, C. and Jones, S.C., 2000, The extratropical transition of Hurricanes Felix and Iris in 1995. Monthly Weather Review, 128, 947-972

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WMO, 2006, WMO workshop topic reports IWTC-VII. 228 p

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