연구목적: 본 연구는 1999년과 2005년의 다른 코호트에 있는 아동과 청소년 집단의 신체발육 특징을 비교분석함으로써 한국 아동과 청소년 신체발육의 단기적 시대변화를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 1999년 서울시 고등학교에 재학한 16세 남학생 231명, 여학생 346명과 2005년 서울시 고등학교에 재학한 16세 남학생 171명과 여학생 400명을 대상으로 이들의 건강검사 기록을 통해 종단적 신체발육자료를 수집하여 비교분석하였다. 연구결과: 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 남학생과 여학생 6세에서 16세까지의 모든 학생들의 2005년도 신장, 체중, 좌고, 흉위가 1999년에 비하여 더 컸다. 따라서 비교적 짧은 기간 동안에도 발육과정에 긍정적인 변화가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 체중의 발육속도는 peak age이전이나 이후 모두 2005년이 컸으나, 신장은 peak age 이후에만 유의하게 컸다. 셋째, 2005년의 남학생들은 1999년에 비하여 신장은 평균 0.28년, 체중은 1.02년, 좌고는 0.39년, 흉위는 0.93년 앞서 있는 것으로 나타났다. 여학생의 경우, 신장은 0.81년, 체중은 0.76, 좌고는 0.32, 흉위는 0.57년 2005년이 앞서있었다. 즉, 2005년의 남학생들은 1999년에 비해 0.28-1.02년, 여학생들은 0.32-0.81년 발육이 앞서 있었다. 넷째, peak velocity에서만 남학생, 여학생 모두 유의한 시대적 변화가 있었고, peak age에서는 시대적 변화가 발견되지 않았다. 다섯째, BMI, 체중, 좌고, 흉위관련 지표에서 시대적 변화가 발견되었다. 특히 남학생의 경우는 체중, BMI, 흉위 관련지표에서, 여학생은 체중, 좌고에서 2005년과 1999년 간 유의한 차이가 발견되었다.
연구목적: 본 연구는 1999년과 2005년의 다른 코호트에 있는 아동과 청소년 집단의 신체발육 특징을 비교분석함으로써 한국 아동과 청소년 신체발육의 단기적 시대변화를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 1999년 서울시 고등학교에 재학한 16세 남학생 231명, 여학생 346명과 2005년 서울시 고등학교에 재학한 16세 남학생 171명과 여학생 400명을 대상으로 이들의 건강검사 기록을 통해 종단적 신체발육자료를 수집하여 비교분석하였다. 연구결과: 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 남학생과 여학생 6세에서 16세까지의 모든 학생들의 2005년도 신장, 체중, 좌고, 흉위가 1999년에 비하여 더 컸다. 따라서 비교적 짧은 기간 동안에도 발육과정에 긍정적인 변화가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 체중의 발육속도는 peak age이전이나 이후 모두 2005년이 컸으나, 신장은 peak age 이후에만 유의하게 컸다. 셋째, 2005년의 남학생들은 1999년에 비하여 신장은 평균 0.28년, 체중은 1.02년, 좌고는 0.39년, 흉위는 0.93년 앞서 있는 것으로 나타났다. 여학생의 경우, 신장은 0.81년, 체중은 0.76, 좌고는 0.32, 흉위는 0.57년 2005년이 앞서있었다. 즉, 2005년의 남학생들은 1999년에 비해 0.28-1.02년, 여학생들은 0.32-0.81년 발육이 앞서 있었다. 넷째, peak velocity에서만 남학생, 여학생 모두 유의한 시대적 변화가 있었고, peak age에서는 시대적 변화가 발견되지 않았다. 다섯째, BMI, 체중, 좌고, 흉위관련 지표에서 시대적 변화가 발견되었다. 특히 남학생의 경우는 체중, BMI, 흉위 관련지표에서, 여학생은 체중, 좌고에서 2005년과 1999년 간 유의한 차이가 발견되었다.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the traits of differences supposed as secular differences in physical growth between samples of children and youth in 1999 and 2005, and to identify the need of children and youth for health promotion. Methods: Two samples of different cohort were sel...
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the traits of differences supposed as secular differences in physical growth between samples of children and youth in 1999 and 2005, and to identify the need of children and youth for health promotion. Methods: Two samples of different cohort were selected. The first one was consisted of 231 boys and 346 girls in 1999. And the other was consisted of 171 boys and 400 girls in 2005. Then the longitudinal growth distance data were collected from their cumulative health examination records. Results: The 2005 were larger in growth distances of stature, body weight, sitting height, and chest girth a at all ages from 6 to 16 in both boys and girls, so it could be concluded that a certain positive shift in growth process appeared in such a short duration. The 2005 were larger in growth velocity before peak age and also after peak age in body weight, but only in the term after peak age significant secular differences were found in stature for both sexes. As far as the growth distance concerned, the 2005 boys were ahead of the 1999 boys from 0.28-1.02 years and the 2005 girls from 0.32 to 0.81 years. In growth distance. Only in peak velocity, significant secular change was recognized in both sexes, any positive evidences of appearance of secular change were not found in peal age. In such derived physical indices as BMI, body weight index, sitting height index, and chest girth index, obvious evidences of secular change appearance were found.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the traits of differences supposed as secular differences in physical growth between samples of children and youth in 1999 and 2005, and to identify the need of children and youth for health promotion. Methods: Two samples of different cohort were selected. The first one was consisted of 231 boys and 346 girls in 1999. And the other was consisted of 171 boys and 400 girls in 2005. Then the longitudinal growth distance data were collected from their cumulative health examination records. Results: The 2005 were larger in growth distances of stature, body weight, sitting height, and chest girth a at all ages from 6 to 16 in both boys and girls, so it could be concluded that a certain positive shift in growth process appeared in such a short duration. The 2005 were larger in growth velocity before peak age and also after peak age in body weight, but only in the term after peak age significant secular differences were found in stature for both sexes. As far as the growth distance concerned, the 2005 boys were ahead of the 1999 boys from 0.28-1.02 years and the 2005 girls from 0.32 to 0.81 years. In growth distance. Only in peak velocity, significant secular change was recognized in both sexes, any positive evidences of appearance of secular change were not found in peal age. In such derived physical indices as BMI, body weight index, sitting height index, and chest girth index, obvious evidences of secular change appearance were found.
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문제 정의
In this respect, the purpose of this study is to clarify the traits of differences supposed as secular differences in physical growth between samples of children and youth in 1999 and 2005, and to identify the need of children and youth for health promotion.
In other study by Matsuura(2005), he constructed large scaled cohort data sets of growth from cross-sectional data sets from 1926 through 2000, and pointed that secular change of peak age was not found in such a short interval of 5 or 10 years. This study showed on guarantee of positive appearance of change on peak age. This study also investigated in growth amount, and showed a certain evidence of appearance of secular change in growth amount, such as the 2005 being larger in growth amount than the 1999.
가설 설정
1) These figures mean the years which 2005 boys(girls) are ahead of 1999 boys(girls) in growth.
4) Only in peak velocity, significant secular change was recognized for both sexes. Any appearance of secular change was not found in peak age.
5) In peak age, any secular change was not found in stature and body weight for both sexes.
제안 방법
Van Wieringen(1978) reported that although a few authors suggested that the weight-height relationship might possibly show a secular shift, he did not so positively confirm secular changes in some kinds of derived variables on physical growth. But this study could introduce some robust evidence of appearance in such derived physical index as BMI, body weight index(W/H), sitting height index(SH/H), and chest girth index(CH/H).
From investigating in the differences in physical growth between two samples of children and youth extracted from senior high school located in Seoul in 1999 and 2005. Then, from comparison in various growth variables between two groups of different cohort, this study tried to clarify the appearance of secular change and its characteristics. Then the followings could be concluded:
Matsuura (2002) reported and discussed some interesting inference about secular change in physical growth of school children and youth, using long-term annual data of 1928-1996. This study divided the term 1928-1996 into 6 short terms and studied the secular changes for each term. Among 6terms, such term as 5 to 10 years, after World War Ⅱ ended, was named as the recovery term; the catch-up process.
대상 데이터
Two samples of youth were selected by convenience sampling. The first one was consisted of 231 boys and 346 girls who were 16 years of age in a senior high school located in Seoul in 1999. And the other was consisted of 171 boys and 400 girls who were 16 years old in two senior high schools located in Seoul in 2005.
데이터처리
For statistical examination of differences in measures between these two years, t-test was utilized.
이론/모형
Then the longitudinal growth distance data were collected from their cumulative health examination records. The missing data were interpolated with spline or divided difference methods.
성능/효과
2) Chest girth of girls at 14, 15 and 16 years old could not be estimated, because the actual values of 2005 were over the extrapolated growth distance.
2) The growth velocity of weight in 2005 were significantly larger than that in 1999 at before and after peak age. But, in case of stature, significant secular differences were found only in the term after peak age for both sexes.
3) The boys in 2005 were in advance of those in 1999, average 0.28 years in stature growth, 1.02 in body weight, 0.39 in sitting height, and 0.93 in chest girth. The girls in 2005 were in advance of those in 1999, average 0.
6) Evidences of secular change were found in body weight, BMI and chest girth for boys, and body weight and sitting height for girls. Significant differences were found between the 2005 and the 1999 at all ages.
This study showed on guarantee of positive appearance of change on peak age. This study also investigated in growth amount, and showed a certain evidence of appearance of secular change in growth amount, such as the 2005 being larger in growth amount than the 1999. Thus, this study tried to investigate secular change between different periods, just in thesame way that many studies on secular changes have made.
This large discrepancy between the actual differences and predicted ones may be partly due to the appearance of secular change in even such a short term, as investigated in this study. This study confirmed that secular changes appeared clearly on such physical indices as BMI, body weight index, sitting height index and chest girth index.
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