[논문]The Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Pg4 Strain on Intestinal Characteristics and Performance in Broilers

Yu, B.; Liu, J.R.; Chiou, M.Y.; Hsu, Y.R.; Chiou, W.S.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2007.1243

The Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Pg4 Strain on Intestinal Characteristics and Performance in Broilers 원문보기

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, v.20 no.8, 2007년, pp.1243 - 1251

Yu, B. (Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University) , Liu, J.R. (Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University) , Chiou, M.Y. (Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University) , Hsu, Y.R. (Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University) , Chiou, W.S. (Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using L. reuteri Pg4, a strain isolated from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of healthy broilers, as a probiotic. In preliminary in vitro studies the Pg4 strain was proven capable of tolerating acid and bile salts, inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and can adhere to intestinal epithelial cells. The probiotic properties were then evaluated on the basis of the broiler's growth performance, intestinal microbial population and cecal volatile fatty acid and lactic acid concentrations under conventional feeding. Dietary supplementation of dried L. reuteri Pg4 decreased significantly feed intake in grower chickens and improved significantly the feed conversion by 5% in a 0-6 weeks feeding period compared with the control group. The Lactobacillus counts in the crop, ileum, and cecum of the probiotic group were higher than in the control group. The L. reuteri Pg4 strain was traceable in the GI tract of probiotic supplemented chicks and showed capability of survival in the intestine for a protracted period. The probiotic group had a higher lactic acid concentration and lower pH value in the cecum than the control chicks. Probiotic supplement also affected the histology of the intestinal mucosa of chicks. The present findings demonstrated that L. reuteri Pg4 possesses probiotic characteristics and it is suggested, therefore, that the organism could be a candidate for a new probiotic strain.

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가설 설정

a, Means within same rows with different superscript are significantly different (p<0.05).

제안 방법

Feed consumption for each pen was recorded weekly. Four chickens from each treatment group were sacrificed on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 42 for measurement of the Lactobacillus count in the digesta. The volatile fatty acids (VFA) and lactate concentration were measured at 14, 28, and 42 days, microbial adhesion was observed at 14 days of age of the tested chickens, and the intestinal histology was measured at 42 days.
Conversely, under unfavorable GI environment such as disease that caused abnormal changes in villus height or crypt depth and led to a reduction in nutrient absorption. In this study, L. reuteri Pg4 supplementation may improve the gut health in balancing the micro flora and then increasing the villous height and crypt depth, thus further improving the performance of chickens. Alternatively, insignificant improvements were obtained in the supplemented chicks during the finisher period.
Animals and experimental design : A total of 240 dayold Arbor Arces breed broilers were weighed individually and assigned at random to eight pens of 30 chicks, with equal pens of males and females. The experiment was also randomized with two dietary treatments and four replicates. The dietary treatments were a basal diet (antibiotic-free, control group), and with supplementation 0.
At first, this strain was evaluated for probiotic characteristic; tolerance to the acid and bile of intestinal digesta and adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells in an in vitro study. The second study is a feeding trial to investigate the effects of L. reuteri Pg4 administration on growth performance, gastrointestinal populations of lactobacilli, intestinal mucosa histology, and the concentrations of organic acids in broiler chickens digesta. The micro-organism adherence to the cecal mucosa was also examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Further assays were conducted to determine the specific probiotic characteristics. The selected strain was analyzed using the API Kit (API 50 CHL, bioMerieux, France) with API LAB plus software (Ver. 3.3.3; bioMerieux, France) and based on the 16S ribosomal RNA sequence (Song et al., 2000) to identify the bacterial strain. The selected bacterial strain, Lactobacillus reuteri, was nominated as L.

이론/모형

Analysis of variance was calculated using the general linear model procedure (GLM) of the Statistical Analysis Systems (1999). Duncan’s new multiple range tests was used to compare the treatment means according to Steel and Torrie (1984).

성능/효과

In this study, we found that the lactobacilli populations and lactic acid concentrations in the cecum of broilers in the probiotic group were significantly higher but with a lower pH than those in the control group at the finishing period (p<0.05).
The VFA diffuses into the bacterial cell in undissociated form, resulting in reduction of intracellular pH and anion accumulation. In this study, we found that the lactobacilli populations and lactic acid concentrations in the cecum of broilers in the probiotic group were significantly higher but with a lower pH than those in the control group at the finishing period (p<0.05). Thus, it reflected that oral administration of L.
reuteri Pg4 displayed a resistance to acidic conditions and contact with bile salts. This experiment found that L. reuteri Pg4 survived in the crop, ileum and cecum of broilers after oral administration in powder form, indicating that the L. reuteri Pg4 strain could survive transit through the stomach and the intestine for a protracted period. It may then colonize by its adhesive ability.

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