장기태
(Dept. of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National University of Technology)
,
(Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Ltd.)
,
정천석
(University of Ulsan)
,
정훈
(University of Ulsan)
국토의 70% 이상이 산지로 구성되어 있어서 도로와 철도 건설을 위해 절토사면이 필연적으로 발생한다 우기, 동절기 서리로 인한 지반융기, 그리고 해빙은 암석 탈락과 사면붕괴의 원인이 되며 매년 사면붕괴에 의한 차량파손과 인명피해가 증가하고 있다. 인명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 사연붕괴를 조기에 탐지할 수 있는 실시간 모니터링 시스템이 필요하다. GMG사에서 개발한 병진 회전 침하(TRS) 센서를 사면 내에 설치하여 실시간으로 사면을 모니터링을 할 수 있도록 했으나, 시스템의 데이터 획득체계가 취약하여 순간적인 낙뢰에 의해 전체 시스템이 손상될 수 있다. 따라서 저자들은 USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network)을 제시하여 낙뢰에 의한 손상을 최소화시키고 신뢰도 높은 사면 변형 모니터링 체계를 구축했다.
국토의 70% 이상이 산지로 구성되어 있어서 도로와 철도 건설을 위해 절토사면이 필연적으로 발생한다 우기, 동절기 서리로 인한 지반융기, 그리고 해빙은 암석 탈락과 사면붕괴의 원인이 되며 매년 사면붕괴에 의한 차량파손과 인명피해가 증가하고 있다. 인명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 사연붕괴를 조기에 탐지할 수 있는 실시간 모니터링 시스템이 필요하다. GMG사에서 개발한 병진 회전 침하(TRS) 센서를 사면 내에 설치하여 실시간으로 사면을 모니터링을 할 수 있도록 했으나, 시스템의 데이터 획득체계가 취약하여 순간적인 낙뢰에 의해 전체 시스템이 손상될 수 있다. 따라서 저자들은 USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network)을 제시하여 낙뢰에 의한 손상을 최소화시키고 신뢰도 높은 사면 변형 모니터링 체계를 구축했다.
More than 70% of Korea consists of mountainous area and during the construction of roads and railroads many cut-slopes are inevitably formed. A number of environmental factors, such as the rainy season and frost heave during winter/thaw during spring, can result in rock falls and landslides. The fai...
More than 70% of Korea consists of mountainous area and during the construction of roads and railroads many cut-slopes are inevitably formed. A number of environmental factors, such as the rainy season and frost heave during winter/thaw during spring, can result in rock falls and landslides. The failure of slopes is increasing every year and can cause damage to vehicles, personal injury and even fatality. In order to help protect people and property, there is a need for real-time monitoring systems to detect the early stages of slope failures. In this respect, the GMG has been using Translation Rotation Settlement (TRS) sensor units installed on slopes to monitor movement in real-time. However, the data lines of this system are vulnerable and the whole system can be damaged by a single lightning strike. In order to overcome this, GMG have proposed the use of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN). The adoption of a USN system in lieu of data cables can help to minimize the risk of lightning damage and improve the reliability of slope monitoring systems.
More than 70% of Korea consists of mountainous area and during the construction of roads and railroads many cut-slopes are inevitably formed. A number of environmental factors, such as the rainy season and frost heave during winter/thaw during spring, can result in rock falls and landslides. The failure of slopes is increasing every year and can cause damage to vehicles, personal injury and even fatality. In order to help protect people and property, there is a need for real-time monitoring systems to detect the early stages of slope failures. In this respect, the GMG has been using Translation Rotation Settlement (TRS) sensor units installed on slopes to monitor movement in real-time. However, the data lines of this system are vulnerable and the whole system can be damaged by a single lightning strike. In order to overcome this, GMG have proposed the use of Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN). The adoption of a USN system in lieu of data cables can help to minimize the risk of lightning damage and improve the reliability of slope monitoring systems.
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문제 정의
This paper presents details of a real-time slope monitoring system fitted with a Ubiquitous Sensor Network.
제안 방법
In order to achieve better prediction it is necessary to first understand the mechanisms and behaviour of landslide movement, including for exaniple, linearity tendency, periodical fluctuation, season transform, growing, and efficiently proved differential equations.
In order to achieve this, it is necessary to observe and analyse the real-time measured time series for actual fail-ures and derive a reasonable mathematical model for the prediction of landslide initiation based upon these datasets. In our experience of such works, the general failure characteristics of a landslide can be sub-divided into two main parts.
To confirm the formation of the system's ad-hoc or mesh network and evaluate the overall performance of the system, a full scale field test was carried out at Gumi, with the test system installed within GMG's test bed.
대상 데이터
The installed system components consisted of a data logger, four TRS sensor modules, the CDMA communication modems and the server computer. The TRS sensor units were mounted on piles which were drilled to 10 m depth and at 7 m spacing from each other. The TRS sensor mod-ules were completely sealed within an aluminiun1 case and the data logger and CDMA communication module were also housed within weather proof enclosures.
The data logger incorporates the USN module, Realtime clock (DS12C887), Serial EEPROM (24LC256*8), LCD module, key pad module, and CDMA communication modem with micro-controller (Atmegal28).
The installed system components consisted of a data logger, four TRS sensor modules, the CDMA communication modems and the server computer.
To confirm the formation of the system's ad-hoc or mesh network and evaluate the overall performance of the system, a full scale field test was carried out at Gumi, with the test system installed within GMG's test bed. The test bed comprises a 40 degree slope with an area in the order of30 m2. The installed system components consisted of a data logger, four TRS sensor modules, the CDMA communication modems and the server computer.
성능/효과
The results indicate the reliability to vary between 87% and 100%, with an average successful data transmission frequency 93% of the time.
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