[논문]경북지역에서 사육되고 있는 한우 송아지에서 소 바이러스성 설사 바이러스의 계통발생 분석

송무찬; 최경성

경북지역에서 사육되고 있는 한우 송아지에서 소 바이러스성 설사 바이러스의 계통발생 분석
Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus from Korean Indigenous Calves in Gyeongbuk Province 원문보기

Journal of veterinary clinics = 한국임상수의학회지, v.27 no.6 = no.77, 2010년, pp.635 - 639

송무찬 (경북대학교 생태환경대학 축산학과) , 최경성 (경북대학교 생태환경대학 축산학과)

초록
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경북지역에서 설사증상을 보이는 한우송아지를 대상으로 소 바이러스성 설사 바이러스의 유병률이 조사되었다. 75두의 송아지가 소 바이러스성 설사 바이러스에 양성 반응을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 계통발생 분석시 양성반응을 보이는 75두 송아지가 BVDV-2a로 분류되었다. BVDV-2a로 분류된 대부분은 수양성 설사의 임상증상을 나타내는 송아지로부터 채취한 것이었다. 우리의 결과에 따르면 모든 BVDV-2 감염이 심각한 임상증상을 보이지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 경북지역에서 BVDV-2 감염의 높은 발생률을 보여준 것으로, 이 연구 결과는 백신개발 및 예방 전략이 대한민국에서 BVDV 감염의 효과적인 근절을 위해 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in Korean indigenous calves with diarrhea in Gyeongbuk province was investigated. Seventy-five cases were identified as BVDV positive in the diarrhea stools. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all our cases were classified as BVDV-2a. Most of the present BVDV-2a cases were isolated from calves showing clinical signs of watery diarrhea. Our observations indicate that not all BVDV-2 infections cause clinically severe disease. This study shows the high incidence of BVDV-2 infection in Gyeongbuk province. Therefore, the results suggest that a vaccine development and immunization strategies are required for the effective control of BVDV infection in the Republic of Korea.

주제어

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문제 정의

The prevalence of the BVDV-2 genotype among Korean indigenous cattle has recently been reported (10,17,18), however clinical and epidemiological studies of BVDV-2 infection in the Republic of Korea (ROK) have not been characterized well, and most BVDV studies focused on the phylogenetic analysis. Therefore, this study was performed to describe the clinical signs and the differences of BVDV outbreak by season and age from Korean indigenous calves within a specific geographic location of the ROK, and to underscore the need for control strategies of BVDV infections in the ROK.

대상 데이터

The diarrheal stools were collected from the 473 diseased Korean indigenous calves in Gyeongbuk province. A total of 473 stool samples were provided from 13 different cities of Youngju (190), Andong (27), Bongwha (59), Sangju (20), Gumi (63), Euseong (12), Youngyang (9), Mungyeong (5), Uljin (8), Yeocheon (15), Goryeong (10), Chilgok (53), and Gimcheon (2), respectively (Table 1). The animals were aged up to 6 months after birth, and suffered from diarrhea, respiratory problems, and a loss of appetite.
The unrooted phylogenetic tree was done by the neighbor-joining methods. Bootstrapping was carried out using 1000 replications. Our cases sequenced in this study are indicated in an asterisk.
In this study, seventy-five cases were detected from 473 Korean indigenous calves by RT-PCR. This represents the first large-scale study of BVDV infection in Korean indigenous calves with diarrhea.
The diarrheal stools were collected from the 473 diseased Korean indigenous calves in Gyeongbuk province. A total of 473 stool samples were provided from 13 different cities of Youngju (190), Andong (27), Bongwha (59), Sangju (20), Gumi (63), Euseong (12), Youngyang (9), Mungyeong (5), Uljin (8), Yeocheon (15), Goryeong (10), Chilgok (53), and Gimcheon (2), respectively (Table 1).

이론/모형

The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method with 1000 replications in the bootstrap analysis.
The viral genotypes and subgroups are indicated. The unrooted phylogenetic tree was done by the neighbor-joining methods. Bootstrapping was carried out using 1000 replications.

성능/효과

In conclusion, this study demonstrates that BVDV-2a is predominant and widespread in Korean indigenous calves with diarrhea in Gyeongbuk province. In addition, the cases obtained for this study from Korean indigenous calves were found mostly in less than 30 days of age and in the fall.
The data on incidence of BVDV-2 obtained in this study confirmed that BVDV-2 is one of the major causes of diarrhea in calves. Although these data are not enough on distribution of BVDV infections in the ROK, the prevalence of BVDV-1 compared to BVDV-2 might be considered to be very low in Gyeongbuk province of the ROK.
Genetic analysis of 75 BVDV positive field cases was conducted on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of the 5’-UTR. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that all BVDV field cases examined in this study were classified as BVDV-2a genotype (Fig 1).
Interestingly, none of the cases analyzed in this study was belonged to BVDV-1. The result of this analysis demonstrated that BVDV-2a is prevalent among Korean indigenous calves in Gyeongbuk province. It can be concluded that BVDV-1 is either not present or very rare in this region.
Thus, BVDV-2 infections might present the clinical symptoms ranging from inapparent to severe in the field. The result of this study suggests that all BVDV-2 isolates do not cause clinically severe disease such as HS, and the severity of disease resulting from BVDV-2 infection could appear to be strain dependent.
When analyzed by age of Korean indigenous calves, most BVDV infections were detected up to 30 days after birth (69.3%), and a significant decrease in infection was observed after 30 days of age, i.e. 60 days (14.7%), 90 days (10.7%), 120 days (2.7%), and 180 days (2.7%) (Table 2). There was no observation of BVDV infection between 120 and 150 days of age.

후속연구

Although our observations were significant, its precise cause of the high prevalence of BVDV infections in the fall is unclear. Therefore, further epidemiological studies throughout the ROK are needed to properly understand the seasonal pattern of BVDV infections and to establish BVDV surveillance programs to prevent BVDV infections.

참고문헌 (23)

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