Neospora caninum에 자연 감염된 임신우에서 IFN${\\gamma}$, 항체 및 호르몬 수준의 상관관계 Relationship Between IFN${\\gamma}$ Production, Antibody and Hormone Levels in Naturally Neospora caninum-infected Pregnant Dairy Cows원문보기
네오스포라 감염증은 세포내성 원충성 기생충인 Neospora caninum에 의해 발생하는 질병으로 전세계적으로 발생하고 있으며, 소에서는 번식장해로 인한 막대한 경제적 손실을 유발한다. 본 연구는 4 곳의 각기 다른 목장으로부터 N. caninum에 자연 감염된 양성우와 음성우를 포함한 26두의 임신우를 선정하여 2주 내지 4주 간격으로 혈액을 채취하여 호르몬, 항체가, IFN${\gamma}$ 수준과 유산 혹은 분만과의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 유산하지 않은 Neospora 양성우14두의 S/P 평균값은 분만 전 15주에 최고치를 보였고, 이후 분만 때까지 감소하였다. 유산한 양성우 3두의 유산 시기는 각각 인공 수정 후 20주 (142일), 26주 (185일), 28주 (199일)였으며, 이들의 S/P값은 유산 전 13주부터 유산 때까지 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 유산하지 않은 양성우에서 IFN${\gamma}$ 수준은 개체에 따라 그리고 동일한 개체라도 임신기간이 경과함에 따라 다양하게 나타났으며, 유산한 양성우에서 IFN${\gamma}$ 수준은 계속 높은 상태를 유지하거나 또는 유산시점에 근접하여 급상승하였다. Neospora 음성우 9두의 IFN${\gamma}$ 수준은 양성우보다 낮았지만, 그 양상은 유산하지 않은 양성우와 유사하였다. 유산하지 않은 양성우와 음성우에서 평균적인 progesterone수준은 분만 전 7주부터 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 유산한 양성우에서는 유산 전 5주와 7주의 평균적인 progesterone 수준은 정상 분만한 음성우나 양성우의 분만전 5주와 7주에 측정된 평균 progesterone 수준보다 낮았다. 유산한 양성우에서 17${\beta}$-estradiol의 평균 수준은 유산 시점에 근접할수록 증가하였지만, 혈청내 총양은 유산하지 않은 양성우와 음성우에서 분만시점에 근접하여 측정한 평균 17${\beta}$-estradiol 수준보다 더 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 Neospora에 감염된 소에서 17${\beta}$-estradiol과 progesterone 수준의 저하는 IFN${\gamma}$ 산생을 증가시켜, 결국에는 유산을 초래할 수 있다고 생각된다.
네오스포라 감염증은 세포내성 원충성 기생충인 Neospora caninum에 의해 발생하는 질병으로 전세계적으로 발생하고 있으며, 소에서는 번식장해로 인한 막대한 경제적 손실을 유발한다. 본 연구는 4 곳의 각기 다른 목장으로부터 N. caninum에 자연 감염된 양성우와 음성우를 포함한 26두의 임신우를 선정하여 2주 내지 4주 간격으로 혈액을 채취하여 호르몬, 항체가, IFN${\gamma}$ 수준과 유산 혹은 분만과의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 유산하지 않은 Neospora 양성우14두의 S/P 평균값은 분만 전 15주에 최고치를 보였고, 이후 분만 때까지 감소하였다. 유산한 양성우 3두의 유산 시기는 각각 인공 수정 후 20주 (142일), 26주 (185일), 28주 (199일)였으며, 이들의 S/P값은 유산 전 13주부터 유산 때까지 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 유산하지 않은 양성우에서 IFN${\gamma}$ 수준은 개체에 따라 그리고 동일한 개체라도 임신기간이 경과함에 따라 다양하게 나타났으며, 유산한 양성우에서 IFN${\gamma}$ 수준은 계속 높은 상태를 유지하거나 또는 유산시점에 근접하여 급상승하였다. Neospora 음성우 9두의 IFN${\gamma}$ 수준은 양성우보다 낮았지만, 그 양상은 유산하지 않은 양성우와 유사하였다. 유산하지 않은 양성우와 음성우에서 평균적인 progesterone수준은 분만 전 7주부터 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 유산한 양성우에서는 유산 전 5주와 7주의 평균적인 progesterone 수준은 정상 분만한 음성우나 양성우의 분만전 5주와 7주에 측정된 평균 progesterone 수준보다 낮았다. 유산한 양성우에서 17${\beta}$-estradiol의 평균 수준은 유산 시점에 근접할수록 증가하였지만, 혈청내 총양은 유산하지 않은 양성우와 음성우에서 분만시점에 근접하여 측정한 평균 17${\beta}$-estradiol 수준보다 더 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 Neospora에 감염된 소에서 17${\beta}$-estradiol과 progesterone 수준의 저하는 IFN${\gamma}$ 산생을 증가시켜, 결국에는 유산을 초래할 수 있다고 생각된다.
Neosporosis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Neospora caninum, an intracellular protozoan parasite. It causes economic losses due to reproductive failure. The potential relationship between pregnancy outcomes and levels of IFN${\gamma}$, hormones, and antibodies in naturally N....
Neosporosis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Neospora caninum, an intracellular protozoan parasite. It causes economic losses due to reproductive failure. The potential relationship between pregnancy outcomes and levels of IFN${\gamma}$, hormones, and antibodies in naturally N. caninum-infected cows was examined in the blood samples collected every 2 or 4 weeks in 26 pregnant cows from 4 different farms. The mean S/P value of seropositive nonaborting animals (n = 14) reached peak levels 15 weeks prior to parturition, and declined thereafter to parturition. The S/P value 13 weeks prior to abortion in seropositive aborting cows (n=3) remained at high levels, and abortions occurred at 20 (142 days), 26 (185 days), and 28 weeks (199 days) after artificial insemination. IFN${\gamma}$ levels in the seropositive non-aborting group varied by individuals and gestational periods; IFN${\gamma}$ levels stayed at elevated levels or increased abruptly close to abortion in seropositive aborting cows. IFN${\gamma}$ level patterns in the seronegative group (n = 9) were similar to the seropositive non-aborting group, although IFN${\gamma}$ amounts were lower than the seropositive group. The mean progesterone levels in the seropositive non-aborting and seronegative groups decreased markedly 7 weeks prior to parturition. The mean progesterone levels 5 and 7 weeks prior to abortion were lower than the other groups 5 and 7 weeks prior to parturition. The mean 17${\beta}$-estradiol levels in the seropositive aborting cows increased close to abortion; the produced amounts were lower than those of seropositive non-aborting and seronegative groups close to parturition. These results suggested that lower levels of progesterone and ${\beta}$-estradiol in Neospora-infected cows may lead to increases in IFN${\gamma}$ production and in turn may result in abortion.
Neosporosis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Neospora caninum, an intracellular protozoan parasite. It causes economic losses due to reproductive failure. The potential relationship between pregnancy outcomes and levels of IFN${\gamma}$, hormones, and antibodies in naturally N. caninum-infected cows was examined in the blood samples collected every 2 or 4 weeks in 26 pregnant cows from 4 different farms. The mean S/P value of seropositive nonaborting animals (n = 14) reached peak levels 15 weeks prior to parturition, and declined thereafter to parturition. The S/P value 13 weeks prior to abortion in seropositive aborting cows (n=3) remained at high levels, and abortions occurred at 20 (142 days), 26 (185 days), and 28 weeks (199 days) after artificial insemination. IFN${\gamma}$ levels in the seropositive non-aborting group varied by individuals and gestational periods; IFN${\gamma}$ levels stayed at elevated levels or increased abruptly close to abortion in seropositive aborting cows. IFN${\gamma}$ level patterns in the seronegative group (n = 9) were similar to the seropositive non-aborting group, although IFN${\gamma}$ amounts were lower than the seropositive group. The mean progesterone levels in the seropositive non-aborting and seronegative groups decreased markedly 7 weeks prior to parturition. The mean progesterone levels 5 and 7 weeks prior to abortion were lower than the other groups 5 and 7 weeks prior to parturition. The mean 17${\beta}$-estradiol levels in the seropositive aborting cows increased close to abortion; the produced amounts were lower than those of seropositive non-aborting and seronegative groups close to parturition. These results suggested that lower levels of progesterone and ${\beta}$-estradiol in Neospora-infected cows may lead to increases in IFN${\gamma}$ production and in turn may result in abortion.
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제안 방법
Tubes were aspirated and counted for 3 min with a Gamma counter (EG & G, Wallce, Finland). Assay reliability was evaluated with inclusion of control samples with known hormone concentrations in each assay. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) of the progesterone assay were 5.
Serum samples were assayed with an ELISA kit at the time of AI to assess the prevalence of neosporosis. As shown in Table 1, the percentage of seropositive cows was relatively high (65.
대상 데이터
Animals came from farms (n = 4) located near Gongju city and Yeongi gun, Chungnam Povince, Korea. The farm had been previously exposed to N.
성능/효과
Based on our findings that the S/P value in the seropositive non-aborting group decreased 7 weeks prior to parturition, while changes in the S/P value in the seropositive aborting group were less distinct, time points from 7 weeks prior to parturition or abortion (p-7 to p, or a-7 to a) were chosen to ascertain whether or not hormonal responses were involved in these patterns.
These results suggested that a certain IFNγ level during gestation in N. caninum-infected cows displayed beneficial effects on pregnancy maintenance, and when the IFNγ amounts within definite period of pregnancy result in high levels or increases acutely, abortions may occur as a detrimental effect.
To conclude, our data suggested that IFNγ levels in seropositive aborting cows were higher than those of seropositive non-aborting cows, whiles the levels of progesterone and β-estradiol were lower than those of seropositive non-aborting cows.
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