Kim, Jeoung-Suk
(Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medial School)
,
Lee, Jun-Ho
(Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medial School)
,
Choi, Yoon-Mi
(Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medial School)
,
Kim, Hyun-Gi
(Department of Clinical Speech Pathology)
,
Kim, Sung-Hwan
(Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine)
,
Lee, Min-Kyung
(Department of Early Childhood Education, Kijeon College)
,
Kim, Sun-Jun
(Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medial School)
Purpose: This study investigates Korean speech sound development, including articulatory error patterns, among the Japanese-Korean children whose mothers are Japanese immigrants to Korea. Methods: The subjects were 28 Japanese-Korean children with normal development born to Japanese women immigrants...
Purpose: This study investigates Korean speech sound development, including articulatory error patterns, among the Japanese-Korean children whose mothers are Japanese immigrants to Korea. Methods: The subjects were 28 Japanese-Korean children with normal development born to Japanese women immigrants who lived in Jeonbuk province, Korea. They were assessed through Computerized Speech Lab 4500. The control group consisted of 15 Korean children who lived in the same area. Results: The values of the voice onset time of consonants /$p^h$/, /t/, /$t^h$/, and/$k^*$/ among the children were prolonged. The children replaced the lenis sounds with aspirated or fortis sounds rather than replacing the fortis sounds with lenis or aspirated sounds, which are typical among Japanese immigrants. The children showed numerous articulatory errors for /c/ and /I/ sounds (similar to Koreans) rather than errors on /p/ sounds, which are more frequent among Japanese immigrants. The vowel formants of the children showed a significantly prolonged vowel /o/ as compared to that of Korean children ($P$<0.05). The Japanese immigrants and their children showed a similar substitution /n/ for /ɧ/ [Japanese immigrants (62.5%) vs Japanese-Korean children (14.3%)], which is rarely seen among Koreans. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Korean speech sound development among Japanese-Korean children is influenced not only by the Korean language environment but also by their maternal language. Therefore, appropriate language education programs may be warranted not only or immigrant women but also for their children.
Purpose: This study investigates Korean speech sound development, including articulatory error patterns, among the Japanese-Korean children whose mothers are Japanese immigrants to Korea. Methods: The subjects were 28 Japanese-Korean children with normal development born to Japanese women immigrants who lived in Jeonbuk province, Korea. They were assessed through Computerized Speech Lab 4500. The control group consisted of 15 Korean children who lived in the same area. Results: The values of the voice onset time of consonants /$p^h$/, /t/, /$t^h$/, and/$k^*$/ among the children were prolonged. The children replaced the lenis sounds with aspirated or fortis sounds rather than replacing the fortis sounds with lenis or aspirated sounds, which are typical among Japanese immigrants. The children showed numerous articulatory errors for /c/ and /I/ sounds (similar to Koreans) rather than errors on /p/ sounds, which are more frequent among Japanese immigrants. The vowel formants of the children showed a significantly prolonged vowel /o/ as compared to that of Korean children ($P$<0.05). The Japanese immigrants and their children showed a similar substitution /n/ for /ɧ/ [Japanese immigrants (62.5%) vs Japanese-Korean children (14.3%)], which is rarely seen among Koreans. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Korean speech sound development among Japanese-Korean children is influenced not only by the Korean language environment but also by their maternal language. Therefore, appropriate language education programs may be warranted not only or immigrant women but also for their children.
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문제 정의
Japanese immigrants, who came to Korean mainly for religious reasons, are the subject of this study. These immigrants have relatively less economic problems in comparison with the immigrants (by marriage)from other countries; they also have characteristics similar to Koreans.
제안 방법
In addition to the voice analysis, we evaluated the articulation error of the Kosian children in sound and calculated the phonological process occurrence.
Articulation error was analyzed by the occurrence of the articulation errors among the Kosian and Korean children. The analysis was divided into substitution, distortion, omission, and addition (Table 6).
This study compares the articulation development and charac teristics by comparing the articulation development among the Japanese-Korean children under Japanese immigrant mothers with that of Korean children under Korean mothers.
대상 데이터
Then, recordings began after the children enunciated the investigating dates and their hometowns. The children were recorded with Shure SM48 microphone (Shure Incorporated, Niles, IL, USA)at a distance of approximately 10-15 cm from the mouth, and the recordings were directly stored into the host computer.
The control group was 15 Korean children who showed normal development. They lived in the same area and had Korean parents;they were in the same age group.
The data set for this study included twenty-eight children who lived in Sunchang district, Jeonbuk province with Korean fathers and Japanese mothers. There were 15 boys and 13 girls; all were more than 5 years old (mean±SD, 8.
성능/효과
For the vowels /a/, /i/, /u/, and /e/, the Korean and Kosian children showed similar values, but the Japanese women had lower values for all formants except for the F2 of the vowel /u/. Second, with respect to VOT, CD, and TD, the resulting data for the Kosian children and the Japanese women were statistically different from those of the Korean children and the Korean women for the fortis sounds /ph/, /th/, and /kh/ of consonants. However, the increases in values and the patterns of decreases were not similar.
Significant differences were found in the lenis sound /p/ and the fortis sound /p*/ for bilabial stop (P<0.01), the lenis sound /t/ and the fortis sound /t*/ for alveolar stop (P<0.01), and the lenis sound /k/ and the aspirated sound /kh/ for velar stop sound (P<0.01, P<0.05).
3%). Third, the Kosian children showed a very high rate of error on fronting, aspiration, deaspiration, affrication, the stopping of affricate, and liquid omission. Also, the Kosian children had difficulty in the discrimination of fortis sounds and liquid sounds and in the enunciation of liquid sounds.
후속연구
Therefore, appropriate language education programs may be warranted not only for immigrant women but also for the second generation. This study is expected to contribute to the development of multicultural education programs for Kosian children.
참고문헌 (13)
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