Purpose: This study measured the burden of disease in Korea related to outdoor air pollution using disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Materials and Methods: As a risk factor of outdoor air pollution, particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 ${\mu}m$($PM_{10}$) was use...
Purpose: This study measured the burden of disease in Korea related to outdoor air pollution using disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Materials and Methods: As a risk factor of outdoor air pollution, particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 ${\mu}m$($PM_{10}$) was used. First, $PM_{10}$-related diseases and their relative risk (RR) were selected by means of a literature review. Second, population attributable fractions were computed by using formulae including RR and population exposure to $PM_{10}$. Third, DALYs of $PM_{10}$-related diseases in Korea were estimated. Finally, the attributable burden of disease due to $PM_{10}$ was measured as the sum of the products that multiplied the DALYs of $PM_{10}$-related diseases by their population attributable fractions. Results: The disease burden of PM10 was 6.9 DALY per 1,000 persons in 2007. The attributable burden of $PM_{10}$ was 2.68 for lung cancer, 2.41 for COPD, 0.62 for ischemic heart disease, 0.61 for pneumonia, 0.55 for asthma, and 0.03 for preterm. Conclusions: This study showed the environmental burden of disease of $PM_{10}$ and burden of $PM_{10}$-related disease through objective data. It also suggested that active efforts are needed to continuously measure and reduce the burden of environmental diseases in Korea.
Purpose: This study measured the burden of disease in Korea related to outdoor air pollution using disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Materials and Methods: As a risk factor of outdoor air pollution, particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 ${\mu}m$($PM_{10}$) was used. First, $PM_{10}$-related diseases and their relative risk (RR) were selected by means of a literature review. Second, population attributable fractions were computed by using formulae including RR and population exposure to $PM_{10}$. Third, DALYs of $PM_{10}$-related diseases in Korea were estimated. Finally, the attributable burden of disease due to $PM_{10}$ was measured as the sum of the products that multiplied the DALYs of $PM_{10}$-related diseases by their population attributable fractions. Results: The disease burden of PM10 was 6.9 DALY per 1,000 persons in 2007. The attributable burden of $PM_{10}$ was 2.68 for lung cancer, 2.41 for COPD, 0.62 for ischemic heart disease, 0.61 for pneumonia, 0.55 for asthma, and 0.03 for preterm. Conclusions: This study showed the environmental burden of disease of $PM_{10}$ and burden of $PM_{10}$-related disease through objective data. It also suggested that active efforts are needed to continuously measure and reduce the burden of environmental diseases in Korea.
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문제 정의
Therefore, this study was intended to measure the burden of disease of outdoor air pollution (especially PM10) using DALY in Korea, by means of the method that the WHO and GBD (Global Burden of Disease) group suggested.
This study suggested that the environmental burden of disease of PM10 by using domestic data. These estimates showed the range of air pollution problems out of environmental pollution ones and proposed prediction needed politically.
제안 방법
To calculate fatality rate, the number of deaths was investigated using the data on death causes of KNSO in 2007, and the average age at disease onset and the morbidity period except remission rate were calculated using the DISMOD II model. And this study used Korean disability weights to reflect to precise condition of Korean patients18).
Thus this result was estimated to be less than 50 µg/m³, the Korea’s average level of PM10 in 2007. In addition, this study used literature review to calculate relative risk of PM10 and domestic epidemiological data such as mortality, incidence, and prevalence rate were used. In the case of EBD study, mortality rate was used by specific countries such as Korea.
Second, this study chose papers with larger-scaled study design and domestic papers to determine PAF among several searched articles. However, examining relative risk through systemic review as suggested in GBD methodology or estimating overall or average impact (pooled RR) through meta-analysis for papers presenting relative risks are considered to be more reliable.
5) When domestic articles were searched, major search words included “outdoor air pollution” and “PM10”. Secondarily, a manual search was performed using references from DB searched papers to select further articles for use in this study.
To measure the burden of disease of particulate matter, exposure data of PM10, relative risks necessary to present correlation between PM10 and each disease, and data to calculate DALY of PM10- related diseases were used.
이론/모형
was calculated using the insurance claim data from HIRA for 2004~2007. To calculate fatality rate, the number of deaths was investigated using the data on death causes of KNSO in 2007, and the average age at disease onset and the morbidity period except remission rate were calculated using the DISMOD II model. And this study used Korean disability weights to reflect to precise condition of Korean patients18).
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