도시화된 토지이용은 불투수율이 높고 강우시 다량의 비점오염물질이 유출되어 지표수 및 지하수에 영향을 끼친다. 이러한 포장지역의 비점오염물질로 인한 수질오염을 저감하기 위하여 환경부는 수질오염총량제도 및 개발사업에 대한 비점오염 저감시설 설치신고 제도를 도입하여 운영 중에 있다. 그러나 비점오염저감시설의 규모 및 저감기능 설계를 위해서는 유출특성 분석이 필요하나 현재 기초자료가 부족하여 원단위 산정 등의 애로점으로 남아있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원단위 산정 및 저감시설의 규모산정에 필요한 강우유출수 특성과 EMC를 제시하고자 한다. 모니터링은 도로 및 주차장에서 3년간 총 30개의 강우사상에 대하여 수행되었다. 초기강우 유출현상은 강우 시작 후 30분 동안 매우 분명하게 나타났으며, 유출수의 농도에 영향을 미치는 인자는 강우량, 유역면적, 토지이용, 지리 및 지형적 특성으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 포장지역의 원단위 산정 및 저감시설 설계시 기초자료로써 활용가능할 것으로 판단된다.
도시화된 토지이용은 불투수율이 높고 강우시 다량의 비점오염물질이 유출되어 지표수 및 지하수에 영향을 끼친다. 이러한 포장지역의 비점오염물질로 인한 수질오염을 저감하기 위하여 환경부는 수질오염총량제도 및 개발사업에 대한 비점오염 저감시설 설치신고 제도를 도입하여 운영 중에 있다. 그러나 비점오염저감시설의 규모 및 저감기능 설계를 위해서는 유출특성 분석이 필요하나 현재 기초자료가 부족하여 원단위 산정 등의 애로점으로 남아있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원단위 산정 및 저감시설의 규모산정에 필요한 강우유출수 특성과 EMC를 제시하고자 한다. 모니터링은 도로 및 주차장에서 3년간 총 30개의 강우사상에 대하여 수행되었다. 초기강우 유출현상은 강우 시작 후 30분 동안 매우 분명하게 나타났으며, 유출수의 농도에 영향을 미치는 인자는 강우량, 유역면적, 토지이용, 지리 및 지형적 특성으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 포장지역의 원단위 산정 및 저감시설 설계시 기초자료로써 활용가능할 것으로 판단된다.
Stormwater runoff affects the quality of surface water and groundwater due to the nonpoint sources (NPSs) of pollutants that it carries during storm events. Typically, urbanized areas experience high pollutant mass emission because of paved roads and other areas which are all highly impervious. For ...
Stormwater runoff affects the quality of surface water and groundwater due to the nonpoint sources (NPSs) of pollutants that it carries during storm events. Typically, urbanized areas experience high pollutant mass emission because of paved roads and other areas which are all highly impervious. For this reason, proper identification of the levels of pollutants from the watershed area is important to pass the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea's water quality standards in rivers and streams. This research was conducted in order to determine and quantify the different constituents present in stormwater runoff generated from highly impervious areas in Cheonan City, Korea. Also, the average event mean concentration (EMC) of stormwater runoff from paved areas was compared with EMCs of other countries to determine the possible causes of its occurrence. In addition, the occurrence of first flush phenomenon was studied in order to find the first flush criteria to be used on the design of best management practices. The results show the pollutant concentration of stormwater runoff was higher than other countries due its landuse and relatively small size of catchment area. During the first 30 minutes of the rainfall events, occurrence of first flush phenomenon was highly evident. Several factors affected the pollutant concentrations in the stormwater such as landuse type, geographic and topographic characteristics,catchment area and amount of rainfall. This research can provide guidance in achieving an effective NPS pollution management applicable to highly urbanized areas in the future.
Stormwater runoff affects the quality of surface water and groundwater due to the nonpoint sources (NPSs) of pollutants that it carries during storm events. Typically, urbanized areas experience high pollutant mass emission because of paved roads and other areas which are all highly impervious. For this reason, proper identification of the levels of pollutants from the watershed area is important to pass the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea's water quality standards in rivers and streams. This research was conducted in order to determine and quantify the different constituents present in stormwater runoff generated from highly impervious areas in Cheonan City, Korea. Also, the average event mean concentration (EMC) of stormwater runoff from paved areas was compared with EMCs of other countries to determine the possible causes of its occurrence. In addition, the occurrence of first flush phenomenon was studied in order to find the first flush criteria to be used on the design of best management practices. The results show the pollutant concentration of stormwater runoff was higher than other countries due its landuse and relatively small size of catchment area. During the first 30 minutes of the rainfall events, occurrence of first flush phenomenon was highly evident. Several factors affected the pollutant concentrations in the stormwater such as landuse type, geographic and topographic characteristics,catchment area and amount of rainfall. This research can provide guidance in achieving an effective NPS pollution management applicable to highly urbanized areas in the future.
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제안 방법
The collected data can be used in devising an effective management strategy to reduce NPS pollution in the future. Lastly, this study analyzed the average event mean concentration (EMC) and compared it with similar studies in other countries to determine the possible causes of its occurrence.
, 2010b). The first grab sample was collected as the runoff started, followed by the grab sample collection after 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. After the first hour, one grab sample was collected for each succeeding hour.
대상 데이터
The three sites (two parking lots and road) selected for this study were located at Kongju National University (KNU), Cheonan city, Chungcheong Province, South Korea. On an average, the city annually receives rainfall amounting to 1236 mm.
This research was conducted to determine and quantify the different constituents present in stormwater runoff generated from highly impervious land in Cheonan City, Korea. Furthermore, the occurrence of first flush phenomenon was also investigated in this study.
데이터처리
, 2004). The results of water quality were statistically analyzed using SYSTAT 12 package software including analysis of Pearson correlation which was performed to investigate relationship between typical water constituents, rainfall variables and the relationship of the two. The correlations were tested at 95% confidence level which signifies that p value was less than 0.
성능/효과
2. The road has a mean ± SD runoff coefficient of 0.55 ± 0.28 while the parking lot has a mean ± SD runoff coefficient of 0.32 ± 0.28.
The mean concentration of selected constituents with the corresponding site characteristics for five different studies was provided in Table 3. It was observed that the pollutant concentration of stormwater runoff in this study was higher than other countries due to the land use and relatively small size of catchment area. The site monitored in Germany exhibited low pollutant concentration due to the surface characteristic of the site being unpaved with low annual precipitation.
후속연구
Therefore, in devising an effective and appropriate management strategy to control NPS pollution, the factors and phenomenon identified in this study should be incorporated. In the future, this study can aid in the advancement of NPS control in Korea.
참고문헌 (16)
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Kim LH, Zoh KD, Jeong S, Kayhanian M and Stenstrom M. (2006). Estimating Pollutant Mass Accumulation on Highways during Dry Periods. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 132, 985-993.
Lee JH, Bang KW, Ketchum LH, Choe JS and Yu MJ. (2002). First flush analysis of urban storm runoff. The Science of the Total Environment. 293, 163-175.
Maniquiz M, Lee S and Kim LH. (2010a). Multiple linear regression models of urban runoff pollutant load and event mean concentration considering rainfall variables. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 22, 946-952.
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Ministry of Environment, South Korea. (2004). 'Legislative Framework', Retrieved on Sept. 15, 2011, Website:http://www.wepadb. net/policies/measures/currentsystem/southkorea_wqm.htm.
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