This study was conducted to investigate the effect of extrusion conditions (moisture content 20% and 30%, screw speed 200 and 250 rpm, barrel temperature $115^{\circ}C$ and $130^{\circ}C$) on the acidic polysaccharide, ginsenoside contents and antioxidant properties of extruded...
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of extrusion conditions (moisture content 20% and 30%, screw speed 200 and 250 rpm, barrel temperature $115^{\circ}C$ and $130^{\circ}C$) on the acidic polysaccharide, ginsenoside contents and antioxidant properties of extruded Korean red ginseng (KRG). Extruded KRGs showed relatively higher amounts of acidic polysaccharide (6.80% to 9.34%) than non-extruded KRG (4.34%). Increased barrel temperature and screw speed significantly increased the content of acidic polysaccharide. The major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg2s, Rg3s, Rh1, and Rg3r) of KRG increased through extrusion, while the ginsenoside (Rg1) decreased. The EX8 (moisture 30%, screw speed 250 rpm, and temperature $130^{\circ}C$) had more total phenolics and had a better scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals than those of extruded KRG samples. The extrusion cooking showed a significant increase (6.8% to 20.9%) in reducing power. Increased barrel temperature significantly increased the values of reducing power, the highest value was 1.152 obtained from EX4 (feed moisture 20%, screw speed 250 rpm, and temperature $130^{\circ}C$). These results suggest that extrusion conditions can be optimized to retain the health promoting compounds in KRG products.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of extrusion conditions (moisture content 20% and 30%, screw speed 200 and 250 rpm, barrel temperature $115^{\circ}C$ and $130^{\circ}C$) on the acidic polysaccharide, ginsenoside contents and antioxidant properties of extruded Korean red ginseng (KRG). Extruded KRGs showed relatively higher amounts of acidic polysaccharide (6.80% to 9.34%) than non-extruded KRG (4.34%). Increased barrel temperature and screw speed significantly increased the content of acidic polysaccharide. The major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg2s, Rg3s, Rh1, and Rg3r) of KRG increased through extrusion, while the ginsenoside (Rg1) decreased. The EX8 (moisture 30%, screw speed 250 rpm, and temperature $130^{\circ}C$) had more total phenolics and had a better scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals than those of extruded KRG samples. The extrusion cooking showed a significant increase (6.8% to 20.9%) in reducing power. Increased barrel temperature significantly increased the values of reducing power, the highest value was 1.152 obtained from EX4 (feed moisture 20%, screw speed 250 rpm, and temperature $130^{\circ}C$). These results suggest that extrusion conditions can be optimized to retain the health promoting compounds in KRG products.
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문제 정의
With the increased use of twin-screw extruders in the manufacture of products by adding extruded KRG extract (powder), it is necessary to have enough data on extrusion of KRG. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of extrusion conditions (feed moisture content, screw speed, and barrel temperature) on effective components and antioxidant properties of an extruded KRG.
가설 설정
2) RP value expressed as absorbance at 700 nm.
제안 방법
In this work, the effects of variable moisture content, screw speed and barrel temperature on the acidic polysaccharide, ginsenoside contents and antioxidant properties of red ginseng powder extrudates were investigated. After extrusion, the acidic polysaccharide and total ginsenoside contents were significantly increased.
Many methods are available to evaluate the different antioxidant activities of natural compounds from plant extracts and foods. The antioxidant properties of extruded KRG in this study were tested for their total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging effect and RP.
The injection volume was 5 μL and the absorbance was measured at 203 nm. The two mobile phases were phase A: water-formic acid (100:0.2, v/v); phase B: acetonitrile, and the UPLC elution conditions were optimized as follows: linear gradient from 5% to 15% B (0 to 5 min), 15% to 35% B (5 to 10 min), 35% to 42% B (10 to 14 min), and 42% to 80% B (14 to 20 min). The flow rate was set at 0.
1×100 mm) at column temperature of 30°C. The two mobile phases were phase A: water-formic acid (100:0.2, v/v); phase B: acetonitrile, using the following gradient program: linear gradient from 5% to 15% B (0 to 5 min), 15% to 35% B (5 to 10 min), 35% to 42% B (10 to 14 min), and 42% to 80% B (14 to 20 min). The flowrate was at 0.
대상 데이터
More than 30 ginsenosides are known, the most abundant components present in ginseng are Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3, etc. In this study, the ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rg2(s), Rg2r, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rd, Rg3(s), Rg3r, and Rh2s were measured (Fig. 2). As shown in Table 1, the total ginsenoside content increased after extrusion, which means an increase of 1.
The 5-year-old KRG (moisture content 9.50%, fat content 1.36%, protein content 14.57% and ash content 4.90%) was purchased in dried powder forms from the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation in Seosan, Korea.
이론/모형
The hydrogen-donating or radical-scavenging of the sample solution was measured by the DPPH method proposed by Brand-Williams et al. [11].
성능/효과
The results showed that, compared with the non-extruded KRG (59.99%), the DPPH radical scavenging activities decreased (p<0.05) in EX5 and EX7 (feed moisture 30%, temperature 115℃, and screw speed 200 and 250 rpm, respectively) by 2.3% and 1.7%, respectively while the rest of the conditions did show significant (p<0.05) increase (3.9% to 19.7%).
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