This study introduces a novel approach to the differentiation of two phenomena, Asian Dust and haze, which are extremely difficult to distinguish based solely on comparisons of PM10 concentration, through use of the Optical Particle Counter (OPC), which simultaneously generates PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0...
This study introduces a novel approach to the differentiation of two phenomena, Asian Dust and haze, which are extremely difficult to distinguish based solely on comparisons of PM10 concentration, through use of the Optical Particle Counter (OPC), which simultaneously generates PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration. In the case of Asian Dust, PM10 concentration rose to the exclusion of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration. The relative ratios of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration versus PM10 concentration were below 40%, which is consistent with the conclusion that Asian Dust, as a prime example of the coarse-particle phenomenon, only impacts PM10 concentration, not PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration. In contrast, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration simultaneously increased with haze. The relative ratios of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration versus PM10 concentration were generally above 70%. In this case, PM1.0 concentration varies because a haze event consists of secondary aerosol in the fine-mode, and the relative ratios of PM10 and PM2.5 concentration remain intact as these values already subsume PM1.0 concentration. The sequential shift of the peaks in PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentrations also serve to individually track the transport of coarse-mode versus fine-mode aerosols. The distinction in the relative ratios of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration versus PM10 concentration in an Asian Dust versus a haze event, when collected on a national or global scale using OPC monitoring networks, provides realistic information on outbreaks and transport of Asian Dust and haze.
This study introduces a novel approach to the differentiation of two phenomena, Asian Dust and haze, which are extremely difficult to distinguish based solely on comparisons of PM10 concentration, through use of the Optical Particle Counter (OPC), which simultaneously generates PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration. In the case of Asian Dust, PM10 concentration rose to the exclusion of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration. The relative ratios of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration versus PM10 concentration were below 40%, which is consistent with the conclusion that Asian Dust, as a prime example of the coarse-particle phenomenon, only impacts PM10 concentration, not PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration. In contrast, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration simultaneously increased with haze. The relative ratios of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration versus PM10 concentration were generally above 70%. In this case, PM1.0 concentration varies because a haze event consists of secondary aerosol in the fine-mode, and the relative ratios of PM10 and PM2.5 concentration remain intact as these values already subsume PM1.0 concentration. The sequential shift of the peaks in PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentrations also serve to individually track the transport of coarse-mode versus fine-mode aerosols. The distinction in the relative ratios of PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentration versus PM10 concentration in an Asian Dust versus a haze event, when collected on a national or global scale using OPC monitoring networks, provides realistic information on outbreaks and transport of Asian Dust and haze.
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문제 정의
It is impossible to conclusively determine whether an Asian Dust or a haze event has occurred based solely on single-spectrum values (which, in most cases, are PM10 concentrations generated by the β-ray gauge). This study suggests a new approach using OPC-generated multi-spectrum aerosol concentrations. This approach, when applied to the monitoring of Asian Dust or haze, yields the following results:
제안 방법
This study introduces a novel approach to the differentiation of Asian Dust and haze through use of the Optical Particle Counter (OPC), which simultaneously generates multi-spectrum aerosol concentrations defined as PM10, PM2.53), and PM1.04) (Cha et al., 2005; Hinds, 1999; McMurry, 2000; Pérez et al., 2008).
This study is based on observations taken with the OPC (Dust Monitor #365 and #180, Grimm GmbH&Co.), which simultaneously generates number (# cm-3) and multi-spectrum mass concentrations (PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.0 concentration) (Table 2).
대상 데이터
3). All sites are located at local weather stations on the western side of the Korean Peninsula. These sites, situated at likely entry points of Asian Dust and megacities, were selected for optimal Asian Dust and haze monitoring.
For long-range transport of Asian Dust and haze, this study sampled data from five OPCs (#180, Grimm), which have been in operation in Erenhot (43.39°E 112.0°N), Chifeng (42.27°E 118.93°N), Dandong (40.03°E 124.2°N), and Qingdao (36.07°E 120.3°N) since 28 March 2007 (top panel of Fig. 3).
Observation operations began in Seoul (37.57°E 126.97°N) on 1 November 2007, at Baengnyeongdo (37.97°E124.63N°N) on 1 February 2008, in Munsan (37.89°E 126.75°N) on 1 August 2008, in Gunsan (36.00°E 126.76°N) on 1 August 2008, and Cheolwon (38.15°E 127.30°N) and Heuksando (34.69°E 125.50°N) on 30 June 2009.
성능/효과
1) Asian Dust and haze events exhibit easily distinguishable patterns when variations in PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.0 concentrations are considered. In the case of Asian Dust, PM10 concentration rose to the exclusion of PM2.
This study conclusively demonstrates the effectiveness of a multi-spectrum aerosol concentration approach in understanding characteristics of the actual atmosphere in which many types of aerosols co-exist. In addition, this approach has implications beyond the monitoring of Asian Dust and haze; it can be of significant help in fields calling for finer-grained distinctions of the phenomenon at hand such as air quality monitoring in urban settings, monitoring of volcanic activity, aerosol monitoring over coastal areas, and air monitoring through vessels of opportunity.
참고문헌 (19)
Europe. Respiratory J. 26 309 2005
J. Korean Meteor. Soc. 41 139 2005
Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 38 105 2002
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