[논문]청력보호구 종류와 소음 방향에 따른 골전도 민감도의 영향

한우재; 유재형

doi:10.7776/ask.2013.32.5.423

청력보호구 종류와 소음 방향에 따른 골전도 민감도의 영향
Effects of Hearing Protection Methods and Noise Directions on Bone-Conduction Sensitivity 원문보기

한국음향학회지= The journal of the acoustical society of Korea, v.32 no.5, 2013년, pp.423 - 429

한우재 (Division of Speech Pathology and Audiology, College of Natural Sciences, Hallym University Research Institute of Audiology and Speech Pathology, Hallym University) , 유재형 (Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Hallym University Graduate School)

초록
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본 논문은 소음 속에서 다양한 청력보호구 착용 시 청자의 두개골 위에 골진동체 자극을 이용하여 가장 민감한 어음인지 부위를 찾고자 하였다. 20명의 정상청력의 남성과 여성(각 10명)에게 강강격의 이음절어를 사용하여 네 종류의 청력보호구 (이어폼, 이어플러그, 이어머프, 이어폼과 머프 동시 착용)와 다섯 군데의 골진동체 위치 (하악골각, 관절구, 관자놀이, 유양돌기, 정수리)를 네가지의 소음 방향(0, 90, 180, 270도)에 따라 어음인지역치검사를 시행하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 골진동체의 위치 중 관절구가 가장 역치가 낮았으며, 2) 청력보호구 종류는 이어폼과 머프를 동시에 착용(이중 보호) 하였을 때 가장 역치가 낮았다. 3) 소음 방향에 따라서는 90도에서 소음이 제시되었을 때 가장 낮은 역치를 나타냈으나, 4) 실험 대상자의 성별에 따라서는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 소음성난청을 예방하며 소음 속에서 원활한 의사소통을 위해서는 이중보호 청력보호구 착용 하에서 관절구를 통한 언어전달이 가장 효율적이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The present study aimed to find the most sensitive placement of the skull to perceive speech through the bone vibrator in various protection methods while being exposed to noise. Twenty young normal-hearing adults (10 male and 10 female) participated in the study. As stimulus, Korean spondee words were presented via one of five skull locations (i.e., jaw angle, condyle, temple, mastoid, and vertex), while the participants wore one of four protection methods (i.e., ear form, ear plug, ear muff, and ear form and muff together) against white noise in one of four noise directions (i.e., 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees). The results showed: 1) there was a significant difference among the five skull locations with condyle being the most sensitive placement; 2) there was a significant difference among the four protection methods, with the ear form plus ear muff condition (or dual protection) providing the lowest threshold; 3) when exposed to noise from 90 degrees, the significantly lowest threshold was found; 4) there was no significant difference in results by gender. The pattern of results suggests that the communicative condition via the condyle bone conduction and the dual protection of the air conduction under any noise direction might be ideal for preventing noise-induced hearing loss, although further studies should be undertaken in this area.

주제어

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가설 설정

The purpose of the present study is to find the most sensitive placement of the skull in order to perceive speech through the bone vibrator in various protection methods while being exposed to noise. We offer three hypotheses: 1) Of the five different placements of the human skill, there is one that is the most sensitive. 2) There are significant differences among the four protection methods we used.
2) There are significant differences among the four protection methods we used. 3) Also, there is a significant difference in the threshold among the four noise directions. Results of the present study may provide better and more effective hearing protection protocols under hazardous noise conditions, as well as better communicative devices for employees in a noisy work environment.

제안 방법

2). Also, four noise directions, i.e., 0(front), 90(left), 180(back), and 270(right) degrees, selected from a directional speaker system in a double-walled soundtreated booth, were tested. The order of the protection methods tested was ear form first, ear form and muff together, ear muff only, and finally, ear plug.
The present study was designed to estimate the most sensitive placement of the skull to perceive speech through the bone vibrator in various protection methods while being exposed to noise. The results of this study indicate that the condyle is the most sensitive placement for the bone conduction pathway while wearing the dual protection method (i.
The purpose of the present study is to find the most sensitive placement of the skull in order to perceive speech through the bone vibrator in various protection methods while being exposed to noise. We offer three hypotheses: 1) Of the five different placements of the human skill, there is one that is the most sensitive.

데이터처리

A repeated-measures ANOVA was also performed to determine the effect of noise directions. There were significant differences among the four noise directions [F (3, 54) = 73.
To determine the most sensitive placemen on the head for speech perception, a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA)¹⁾ (SPSS ver. 20, IBM ) was performed to compare thresholds obtained from 20 participants at 5 oscillator placement locations. Huynh-Feldt epsilonadjustments for repeated measures were made when appropriate.
To gauge the effects of the protection methods, a repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to compare the thresholds obtained. A significant main effect occurred for the four protection methods used [F (3, 54) = 102.

성능/효과

470) conditions showed less sensitivity to noise. Given the ranking of the protection methods, the post-hoc test was performed and indicated no statistical difference between ear plug and ear form, yet both were significantly lower than ear muff.
The present study was designed to estimate the most sensitive placement of the skull to perceive speech through the bone vibrator in various protection methods while being exposed to noise. The results of this study indicate that the condyle is the most sensitive placement for the bone conduction pathway while wearing the dual protection method (i.e., an ear form plus ear muff condition). This may be the best communicative condition via the condyle bone conduction and dual protections of the air conduction under any noise direction.
tested 82 shipyard company employees with NIHL in order to evaluate their speech intelligibility in workplace noise while wearing hearing protection devices.^[5] The results showed a positive effect of the protection devices for the hearing-impaired employees to reduce the amount of noise with high frequencies, compared to normal-hearing listeners. However, the hearing-impaired employees’ speech perception did not differ under either the protected or unprotected condition.
However, the temple was less affected by noise, compared to the other placements. The thresholds of temple and condyle showed the greatest difference between quiet and noise as 25.467 dB and 23.163 dB respectively, while the jaw angle placement showed an 18.793 -dB difference. That is, the jaw angle was less sensitive in quiet-to-noise difference.

후속연구

There were no specific limitations of the present study. However, further studies should be conducted. First, workers with NIHL should be tested and then compared to normal-hearing subjects.
^[18] Thus we need to understand bone conduction auditory feedback including the occlusion effect of protection devices. In addition, future studies should also focus on more basic research conducted on bone conduction interfaces to identify effective locations of bone conduction vibrators and to ensure that their use does not impede the safety and survivability of military personnel. Finally, we need to consider continuous speech for everyday listening situations at the supra-threshold level instead of spondee words.
This may be the best communicative condition via the condyle bone conduction and dual protections of the air conduction under any noise direction. In order to assess the feasibility of this condition under actual working conditions, additional studies should be conducted.
3) Also, there is a significant difference in the threshold among the four noise directions. Results of the present study may provide better and more effective hearing protection protocols under hazardous noise conditions, as well as better communicative devices for employees in a noisy work environment.

참고문헌 (19)

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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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H. O. Park, C. S. Sim, J. K. Kwon, K. S. Kim, Y. J. Kwon, N. J. Kim, M. S. Seo, and J. H. Lee, "Effects of workplace noise and hearing protection devices on worker's speech intelligibility," Korean J. Occup. Environ. Med. 22, 154-165 (2010).
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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