Kim, Hyun-Joong
(Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine)
,
Hwang, Se-Min
(Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine)
,
Lee, In-Young
(Department of Health Promotion Team, Gangbuk Health Center)
,
Cho, Joon-Pil
(Department of Emergency Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine)
,
Kwon, Myoung-Ok
(Health Policy and Hospital Management Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University)
,
Jung, Jae-Hun
(Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine)
,
Byun, Ju-Young
(Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine)
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of and problems with the Safe Community Programs in Gangbuk-gu, one of the 25 districts of the capital city of Korea. Methods: The study subjects were 396 individuals who were involved in Safe Community Programs between 2009...
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of and problems with the Safe Community Programs in Gangbuk-gu, one of the 25 districts of the capital city of Korea. Methods: The study subjects were 396 individuals who were involved in Safe Community Programs between 2009 and 2011. We examined the effectiveness and willingness of respondents to participate as a safety leader of the Safe Community Program with a questionnaire. We examined the injury death rates of Gangbuk-gu by using of the death certificate data of Korea's National Statistical Office. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests were used. Results: The effectiveness of programs did not differ but active participation differed significantly among subjects (p<0.05). The injury death rate of Gangbuk-gu as a whole increased during the implementation period. However, senior safety, in particular, may be a helpful program for reducing injuries in Gangbuk-gu. Conclusions: This study suggests that the lack of active participation may be a major problem of Safe Community Programs in Gangbuk-gu. Therefore, Safe Community Programs should be expanded to the entire district of Gangbuk-gu and more active participation programs should be developed.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of and problems with the Safe Community Programs in Gangbuk-gu, one of the 25 districts of the capital city of Korea. Methods: The study subjects were 396 individuals who were involved in Safe Community Programs between 2009 and 2011. We examined the effectiveness and willingness of respondents to participate as a safety leader of the Safe Community Program with a questionnaire. We examined the injury death rates of Gangbuk-gu by using of the death certificate data of Korea's National Statistical Office. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests were used. Results: The effectiveness of programs did not differ but active participation differed significantly among subjects (p<0.05). The injury death rate of Gangbuk-gu as a whole increased during the implementation period. However, senior safety, in particular, may be a helpful program for reducing injuries in Gangbuk-gu. Conclusions: This study suggests that the lack of active participation may be a major problem of Safe Community Programs in Gangbuk-gu. Therefore, Safe Community Programs should be expanded to the entire district of Gangbuk-gu and more active participation programs should be developed.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
제안 방법
Against this backdrop, in this study we introduce the contents of the Safe Communities Program implemented in Gangbuk-gu and identify overal results and problems resulting from the program implementation based on the comparisons between the following: injury death rates of Gangbuk-gu before and after the program; trends in injury deaths between Gangbuk-gu and Seoul metropolitan city; and program participants and beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the effectiveness of the program, and their intention to voluntarily participate.
First, to identify the changes in health outcomes in Gangbuk-gu after program implementation, based on death certificate data of the Statistics Korea, we analyzed injury death rates of the area between 2006 to 2008 to identify the initial injury rates before program implementation—when preliminary investigation and research was conducted for setting priorities and developing the program—and between 2009 and 2011—when the program was in full swing.
In this study, we analyzed the injury mortality rates of Gangbuk-gu before and after the program, using death certificate data. The results showed that total injury death rates increased slightly while child injury death rates and seniors’ injury death rates decreased, demonstrating that the Safe Communities Program of Gangbuk-gu did not reduce injury deaths significantly.
The contents of the survey comprised general characteristics of the study subjects, effectiveness of the Safe Communities Program, and intention to participate as a safety leader. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, we examined factors including sex, age, address, occupation, education level, number of households, and monthly income.
To develop the Safe Communities Program, in 2008, before launching the program, Gangbuk-gu conducted a survey of 1866 community residents on the level of awareness of the Safe Communities program and priorities for subprojects. The results showed the need for projects in seven categories: child safety, suicide prevention, road safety, local community safety, fire safety, senior safety, and first aid and emergency medical services. Gangbuk-gu selected 25 subprojects as priority projects, consulting the contents of the Safe Communities Program and evaluation criteria of another district, Songpa-gu [10], which was authorized as a Safe Community by the World Health Organization before Gangbuk-gu started the program, and had been running the program since 2009.
대상 데이터
Out of the 396, 50 were participants of the program, that is, “safety leaders,” who took leading roles in promoting the projects related to Safe Communities Program in their communities.
The subjects of the survey were 396 community residents who were among participants and beneficiaries of the Safe Communities Program implemented at the Gangbuk-gu Community Health Center. They responded to the survey during a period of about one month (from June 2012 to July 2012).
성능/효과
Conclusively, the study results showed that beneficiaries of the Safe Communities Program had a relatively low intention to voluntarily participate in the program. Therefore, we can estimate that such a factor can serve as a challenge in implementing the program in terms of disseminating the effects of injury prevention among all of the residents of Gangbuk-gu.
When we surveyed the effectiveness of the program and participants and beneficiaries’ intention to voluntarily participate in the program, the respondents reported that all of the subprojects of the Safe Communities Program were effective. For the beneficiaries, the project to improve child protection zones was found to be the most effective project (272 respondents, 78.6%), while rental of walking canes to the seniors at high risk of a fall was the most effective project for participants (39 respondents, 78.0%). There was no statistical difference between participants and beneficiaries in the satisfaction level with the effect of all of the subprojects of the Safe Communities Program.
Furthermore, this study demonstrated that seniors’ suicide rates, among various injury death rates of the elderly, increased after the program, which signifies the importance of prevention of seniors’ suicide.
The project for rescue and first-aid training was found to be the one in which beneficiaries showed the highest intention to voluntarily participate (133 respondents, 38.4%), whereas participants showed the highest intention to voluntarily participate in Children’s Health Discovery Hall & Musical on Health and the project for maintaining a school safety guards (24 respondents each, 48.0%).
The result of this study also showed that Gangbuk-gu had a very high injury death rate of the elderly, making them a vulnerable group to injury. Worldwide, 28% to 35% of those aged over 65 and 32% to 42% of those aged over 70 experience falls annually [18].
The results of the analysis of injury death rates in Gangbukgu between 2006 and 2008 before implementing the program, and 2009 to 2011 after implementing the program, showed that the total injury death rates increased slightly from 50.4 before the program to 57.4 per 100 000 after the program. More specifically, road traffic injury death rates increased from 7.
The results showed that total injury death rates increased slightly while child injury death rates and seniors’ injury death rates decreased, demonstrating that the Safe Communities Program of Gangbuk-gu did not reduce injury deaths significantly.
참고문헌 (28)
1 National Committee for Injury Prevention and Control Injury prevention: meeting the challenge New York Oxford University Press 1989 8 11
2 Towner E Dowswell T Community-based childhood injury prevention interventions: what works? Health Promot Int 2002 17 3 273 284 12147642
3 World Health Organization Manifesto for safe community Proceedings of the First World Conference on Accident and Injury Prevention 1989 Stockholm, Sweden Geneva World Health Organization 1989
4 Welander G Svanstrom L Ekman R Safe Community: an introduction Stockholm Karolinska Institutet 2004 49
5 Lindqvist K Motala Municipality: a sustainable Safe Community in Sweden Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2012 19 3 249 259 22762443
6 Lee CA Cho JP Roles of a hospital for community safety promotion Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2012 19 3 272 277 22520035
7 Spinks A Turner C Nixon J McClure RJ The 'WHO Safe Communities' model for the prevention of injury in whole populations Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009 3 CD004445 19588359
8 Kim S Epidemiology and control of injury J Prev Med Public Health 2005 38 2 125 131 (Korean) 16315748
9 Cho JP Park NS Practical guideline for community safety promotion Seoul Koonja 2008 22 26 (Korean)
10 Songpa-gu Songpa application to become a member of the safe community network for international designation as a safe community by WHO collaborating center on community safety promotion Seoul Songpa-gu 2008 36 (Korean)
11 Furian G Rein F 10 Year 'Safe Community': evaluation Vorarlberg 2004 Vorarlberg Sicher Leben 2004 46 (German)
12 Lindqvist K Timpka T Karlsson N Impact of social standing on injury prevention in a World Health Organization Safe Community: intervention outcome by household employment contract Int J Epidemiol 2004 33 3 605 611 15044414
14 Lindqvist K Timpka T Schelp L Evaluation of an inter-organizational prevention program against injuries among the elderly in a WHO Safe Community Public Health 2001 115 5 308 316 11593439
15 Coggan C Patterson P Brewin M Hooper R Robinson E Evaluation of the Waitakere Community Injury Prevention Project Inj Prev 2000 6 2 130 134 10875670
16 Lindqvist K Timpka T Schelp L Evaluation of inter-organizational traffic injury prevention in a WHO Safe Community Accid Anal Prev 2001 33 5 599 607 11491240
17 Rahimi-Movaghar V Controlled evaluation of injury in an international Safe Community: Kashmar, Iran Public Health 2010 124 4 190 197 20417350
18 World Health Organization WHO global report on fall prevention in older age 2007 cited 2014 Jan 17 Available from: http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/Falls_prevention7March.pdf
19 Shiraishi Y Challenges to elderly safety in Safe Community movements in Japan Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2012 19 3 260 266 22524981
20 Zhang LL Dalal K Yin MM Yuan DG Andrews JY Wang SM The KAP evaluation of intervention on fall-induced injuries among elders in a safe community in Shanghai, China PLoS One 2012 7 3 e32848 22479343
21 Prince MJ Harwood RH Thomas A Mann AH A prospective population-based cohort study of the effects of disablement and social milieu on the onset and maintenance of late-life depression. The Gospel Oak Project VII Psychol Med 1998 28 2 337 350 9572091
22 Turvey CL Conwell Y Jones MP Phillips C Simonsick E Pearson JL Risk factors for late-life suicide: a prospective, community-based study Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002 10 4 398 406 12095899
23 Weyerer S Hafner H Mann AH Ames D Graham N Prevalence and course of depression among elderly residential home admissions in Mannheim and Camden, London Int Psychogeriatr 1995 7 4 479 493 8833272
24 Oyama H Watanabe N Ono Y Sakashita T Takenoshita Y Taguchi M Community-based suicide prevention through group activity for the elderly successfully reduced the high suicide rate for females Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2005 59 3 337 344 15896228
25 Motohashi Y Kaneko Y Sasaki H Yamaji M A decrease in suicide rates in Japanese rural towns after community-based intervention by the health promotion approach Suicide Life Threat Behav 2007 37 5 593 599 17967126
26 Bae J Panuncio RL Sohn H Development of a web-based child safety education program for Busan Safe City WHO Certification Project Nurs Health Sci 2009 11 4 362 366 19909442
27 Christakis NA Fowler JH The spread of obesity in a large social network over 32 years N Engl J Med 2007 357 4 370 379 17652652
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.