Recently, a quick drop of air temperature in plastic film houses by adverse weather conditions leads to the occurrence of low temperature damages to growing crops. Chilling injury, defined as a variety of growth restriction occurring below the optimal temperature, is one of environmental factors str...
Recently, a quick drop of air temperature in plastic film houses by adverse weather conditions leads to the occurrence of low temperature damages to growing crops. Chilling injury, defined as a variety of growth restriction occurring below the optimal temperature, is one of environmental factors strongly affecting crop growth and yield. Low temperature causes the restricted evapotranspiration, reduced mineral uptake (P > K > $NO_3{^-}$), and an increase in electrolyte leakage such as K. Despite being different with plant species, an accumulation of soluble carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch under chilling condition is well known. A variety of environmental stresses are known to cause oxidative damage to plants either directly or indirectly by triggering an increased level of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and, to combat the oxidative damage, plants have the antioxidant defense systems comprising of enzymes, SOD, POD, CAT, GPX and APX, and non-enzymes, ascorbate, gluthathione, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, phenolic compounds, carotenoid and flavonoids. The aim of this review is to provide basic information to build chilling-indicators and optimal nutrition management under adverse temperature conditions as broadly considering mineral uptake, carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidative defense system.
Recently, a quick drop of air temperature in plastic film houses by adverse weather conditions leads to the occurrence of low temperature damages to growing crops. Chilling injury, defined as a variety of growth restriction occurring below the optimal temperature, is one of environmental factors strongly affecting crop growth and yield. Low temperature causes the restricted evapotranspiration, reduced mineral uptake (P > K > $NO_3{^-}$), and an increase in electrolyte leakage such as K. Despite being different with plant species, an accumulation of soluble carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch under chilling condition is well known. A variety of environmental stresses are known to cause oxidative damage to plants either directly or indirectly by triggering an increased level of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and, to combat the oxidative damage, plants have the antioxidant defense systems comprising of enzymes, SOD, POD, CAT, GPX and APX, and non-enzymes, ascorbate, gluthathione, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, phenolic compounds, carotenoid and flavonoids. The aim of this review is to provide basic information to build chilling-indicators and optimal nutrition management under adverse temperature conditions as broadly considering mineral uptake, carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidative defense system.
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문제 정의
단기간의 저온장해는 수용성 당의 축적과 같은 탄수화물 대사이상, 뿌리 내 질소축적과 증산감소에 따른 양분흡수 및 활성산소종의 급격한 증가에 따른 활성산소제거를 위한 항산화 대사기능의 현저한 증가 등이 일어나 작물의 저온장해에 대한 저항성을 유도하지만, 장기간의 저온장해는 작물 전체적인 생리대사의 교란을 유발하여 생육감소를 동반한 세포의 괴사와 작물고사를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는 식물이 저온장해에 노출되었을 때 일어나는 양분흡수, 탄수화물 대사 및 방어물질 변화를 고찰함으로써, 이를 바탕으로 영농현장에서 활용할 수 있는 저온장해 지표물질의 선발과 저온장해 발생 시 최적 양분관리방안을 모색하기 위한 기초자료를 제공한다.
최근 기상이변으로 인한 급격한 온도저하에 따른 시설재배작물의 저온장해 발생빈도가 지속적으로 증가하여, 작물의 정상생육과 목표 수확량 확보가 어려운 실정이다. 본 논문은 식물의 양분흡수능, 탄수화물 대사 및 방어기작 등을 고찰함으로써, 저온장해 발생 시 작물생육과 수량 확보를 위한 최적 양분관리 방안을 수립하기 위한 기초적인 정보를 제공하기 위함이다.
질의응답
핵심어
질문
논문에서 추출한 답변
저온장해란?
다양한 환경요인 중 저온은 식물생장과 생산성에 큰 영향을 미치는 환경요인 중 하나이다. 저온장해(chillinginjury)란 작물이 적온 이하 빙점 이상의 온도 범위에서 자랄 경우에 발생하는 생장정지 등 각종 생육장해를 총칭한다(Mckersie and Leshem, 1994). 저온피해 양상은 저온장해 유발온도와 지속시간, 작물 생육시기, 작물 종 및 재배품종의 유형, 재배지의 지형과 토양특성에 따라 다양하게 나타난다(Choi and Lee, 1976).
저온과 식물의 관계는?
다양한 환경요인 중 저온은 식물생장과 생산성에 큰 영향을 미치는 환경요인 중 하나이다. 저온장해(chillinginjury)란 작물이 적온 이하 빙점 이상의 온도 범위에서 자랄 경우에 발생하는 생장정지 등 각종 생육장해를 총칭한다(Mckersie and Leshem, 1994).
작물의 개화, 출수시기 변화 등 생리적 변화를 일으키는데 영향을 미치는 기후변화의 종류는?
이상기온, 집중호우, 황사, 폭설, 가뭄, 건조 등의 기상재해로 인한 피해는 증가하고 있다(Menzel, 2000; Tao etal., 2006).
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