Yang, Hyun
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Lee, Jang-Wook
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Noh, Jae Koo
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Kim, Hyun Chul
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Park, Choul-Ji
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Park, Jong-Won
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Hwang, In Joon
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Kim, Sung Yeon
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
,
Lee, Jeong-Ho
(Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI)
Cardiovascular system is the primary organ to develop and reach a functional state, which underscores the essential role of the vasculature in the developing embryo. The vasculature is a highly specialized organ that functions in a number of key physiological works including the carrying of oxygen a...
Cardiovascular system is the primary organ to develop and reach a functional state, which underscores the essential role of the vasculature in the developing embryo. The vasculature is a highly specialized organ that functions in a number of key physiological works including the carrying of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. It is closely involved in the formation of heart, and hence it is essential for survival during the hatching period. The expression of genes involved during vascular development in the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in the days after hatching is not fully understood. Therefore, we examined the expression patterns of genes activated during the development of flounder. Microscopic observations showed that formation of blood vessels is related to the expression of the vimentin gene. Also, the temporal expression patterns of this vimentin-like gene in the developmental stages and in the normal tissues of olive flounder. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression patterns of vimentin in normal tissues of the olive flounder and during the development of the vascular system in newly hatched olive flounders and HIF-1 plays a vital role in the formation of blood vessels during development. Vimentin expression was strong at the beginning of the development of blood vessels, and was present throughout all developmental stages. Our findings have important implications with respect to the roles of vimentin and HIF-1 in the development and evolution of the first blood vessels in olive flounder. Further studies are required to elucidate the vimentin-mediated hypoxic response signal transduction and to decipher the functional role of vimentin in developmental stages.
Cardiovascular system is the primary organ to develop and reach a functional state, which underscores the essential role of the vasculature in the developing embryo. The vasculature is a highly specialized organ that functions in a number of key physiological works including the carrying of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. It is closely involved in the formation of heart, and hence it is essential for survival during the hatching period. The expression of genes involved during vascular development in the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in the days after hatching is not fully understood. Therefore, we examined the expression patterns of genes activated during the development of flounder. Microscopic observations showed that formation of blood vessels is related to the expression of the vimentin gene. Also, the temporal expression patterns of this vimentin-like gene in the developmental stages and in the normal tissues of olive flounder. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression patterns of vimentin in normal tissues of the olive flounder and during the development of the vascular system in newly hatched olive flounders and HIF-1 plays a vital role in the formation of blood vessels during development. Vimentin expression was strong at the beginning of the development of blood vessels, and was present throughout all developmental stages. Our findings have important implications with respect to the roles of vimentin and HIF-1 in the development and evolution of the first blood vessels in olive flounder. Further studies are required to elucidate the vimentin-mediated hypoxic response signal transduction and to decipher the functional role of vimentin in developmental stages.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
대상 데이터
All experimental fish were raised at Genetics and Breeding Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) and maintained in 10 tons flow through tank at 20±1℃ under a natural photoperiod.
The samples were examined under a stereo microscope (ZEISS CL1500 ECO Jena, Germany) imaging system at ×300 and ×500 magnification of development was determined.
데이터처리
Data that did not meet normality assumptions were subjected to one way ANOVA on ranks, and then pair wise comparisons were made using the Student–Newman–Keuls (SNK) method.
For unpaired matched comparative analysis of multiple groups, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed.
이론/모형
Embryo and larva were harvested during hours post fertilization (HPF) and days after hatching (DAH) for the indicated periods. The RNA extracted and vimentin was analyzed by RT-PCR method. (B, C) The mRNA expression of perforin was analyzed by real-time PCR.
4%) respectively. The relative quantification of arrestin gene expression was performed using the comparative Ct method. The Ct value is defined as the point where a statistically significant increase in the fluorescence has occurred.
후속연구
To summarize, this analysis of the expression of vimentin during the developmental stages of the olive flounder might provide information that could be useful in understanding initial blood vessel formation and maturation. Further functional studies on this gene will help to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanisms and the signal-transduction systems involved in the formation of the vascular system in olive flounder, as well as identifying the genes responsible for modulating the activity of vimentin.
참고문헌 (30)
1 Chung AS Ferrara N Developmental and pathological angiogenesis Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2007 27 563 584 21756109
2 Dunwoodie SL The role of hypoxia in development of the mammalian embryo Dev Cell 2009 17 755 773 20059947
5 Gariano RF Sage EH Kaplan HJ Hendrickson AE Development of astrocytes and their relation to blood vessels in fetal monkey retina Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1996 37 2367 2375 8933753
6 Goldman RD Cleland MM Murthy SN Mahammad S Kuczmarski ER Inroads into the structure and function of intermediate filament networks J Struct Biol 2012 177 14 23 22120848
7 Grimm C Wenzel A Groszer M Mayser H Seeliger M Samardzija M Bauer C Gassmann M Reme CE HIF-1-induced erythropoietin in the hypoxic retina protects against light-induced retinal degeneration Nat Med 2002 8 718 724 12068288
8 Guo M Ehrlicher AJ Mahammad S Fabich H Jensen MH Moore JR Fredberg JJ Goldman RD Weitz DA The role of vimentin intermediate filaments in cortical and cytoplasmic mechanics Biophys J 2013 105 1562 1568 24094397
9 Herrmann H Fouquet B Franke WW Expression of intermediate filament proteins during development of Xenopus laevis . I. cDNA clones encoding different forms of vimentin Development 1989 105 279 298 2806127
10 Holthofer H Miettinen A Lehto VP Lehtonen E Virtanen I Expression of vimentin and cytokeratin types of intermediate filament proteins in developing and adult human kidneys Lab Invest 1984 50 552 559 6201675
11 Hyder CL Isoniemi KO Torvaldson ES Eriksson JE Insights into intermediate filament regulation from development to ageing J Cell Sci 2007 124 1363 1372 21502133
12 Kajimura S Aida K Duan C Understanding hypoxia-induced gene expression in early development: in vitro and in vivo analysis of hypoxia-inducible factor 1- regulated zebra fish insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 gene expression Mol Cell Biol 2006 26 1142 1155 16428465
13 Karabinos A Schmidt H Harborth J Schnabel R Weber K Essential roles for four cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans development Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001 98 7863 7868 11427699
14 Kotch LE Iyer NV Laughner E Semenza GL Defective vascularization of HIF-1alpha-null embryos is not associated with VEGF deficiency but with mesenchymal cell death Dev Biol 1999 209 254 267 10328919
15 Lee JH Noh JK Kim HC Park CJ Min BH Kim YO EST-based identification of genes expressed in the brain of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Aqua Sci 2009 12 4 286 292
16 Lee JH Noh JK Kim HC Park CJ Min BH Ha SJ Molecular characterization of the ocular EST clones from olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus Dev Reprod 2010 14 2 107 113
17 Leong HS Mahesh BM Day JR Smith JD McCormack AD Ghimire G Podor TJ Rose ML Vimentin autoantibodies induce platelet activation and formation of platelet-leukocyte conjugates via platelet-activating factor J Leukoc Biol 2008 83 263 271 17974709
19 Manalo DJ Rowan A Lavoie T Natarajan L Kelly BD Ye SQ Garcia JG Semenza GL Transcriptional regulation of vascular endothelial cell responses to hypoxia by HIF-1 Blood 2005 105 659 669 15374877
20 Moeller BJ Cao Y Vujaskovic Z Li CY Haroon ZA Dewhirst MW The relationship between hypoxia and angiogenesis Semin Radiat Oncol 2004 14 215 221 15254864
21 Nekrasova OE Mendez MG Chernoivanenko IS Tyurin-Kuzmin PA Kuczmarski ER Gelfand VI Goldman RD Minin AA Vimentin intermediate filaments modulate the motility of mitochondria Mol Biol Cell 2011 22 2282 2289 21562225
22 Nieminen M Henttinen T Merinen M Marttila-Ichihara F Eriksson JE Jalkanen S Vimentin function in lymphocyte adhesion and transcellular migration Nat Cell Biol 2006 8 156 162 16429129
23 Okada K Osaki M Araki K Ishiguro K Ito H Ohgi S Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1alpha), VEGF-C and VEGF-D in non-invasive and invasive breast ductal carcinomas Anticancer Res 2005 25 3003 3009 16080559
28 Styers ML Kowalczyk AP Faundez V Intermediate filaments and vesicular membrane traffic: the odd couple's first dance? Traffic 2005 6 359 365 15813746
29 Tomita S Ueno M Sakamoto M Kitahama Y Ueki M Maekawa N Sakamoto H Gassmann M Kageyama R Ueda N Gonzalez FJ Takahama Y Defective brain development in mice lacking the Hif-1alpha gene in neural cells Mol Cell Biol 2003 23 6739 6749 12972594
30 Tsuruta D Jones JC The vimentin cytoskeleton regulates focal contact size and adhesion of endothelial cells subjected to shear stress J Cell Sci 2003 116 4977 4984 14625391
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.