Purpose: To ascertain the increase of the farm income that predominantly relies on human resources by mechanizing Welsh onion harvesting, a tractor-mounted Welsh onion harvester was developed in this study. Method: An experiment for evaluating harvesting performance was performed for the developed W...
Purpose: To ascertain the increase of the farm income that predominantly relies on human resources by mechanizing Welsh onion harvesting, a tractor-mounted Welsh onion harvester was developed in this study. Method: An experiment for evaluating harvesting performance was performed for the developed Welsh onion harvester in an actual Welsh onion farm. The harvest performance was evaluated at the tractor running speeds of 5.0 cm/s, 11.4 cm/s and 15.8 cm/s, by comparing the operating efficiency, harvest rate, and damage rate of the Welsh onion harvester. Results: The performance of the harvester was rated as very good, with a 100% harvest rate, regardless of tractor running speed. Furthermore, it is shown that work efficiency of the harvester is expected to increase as the running speed increases. Nonetheless, the damage rate of the harvested Welsh onions at running speeds 5.0 cm/s, 11.4 cm/s, and 15.8 cm/s, increased correspondingly and proportionally to speeds from 4.55% to 6.53% and to 11.29%. The residual amount of soil on the harvested Welsh onions was about 0.24% of their weight showing excellent soil-removal performance of the harvester. Conclusion: The developed Welsh onion harvester is believed to improve the labor productivity and cultivation environment of Welsh onion farmhouses by the mechanization of the harvesting process that is currently associated with the largest amount of labor hours.
Purpose: To ascertain the increase of the farm income that predominantly relies on human resources by mechanizing Welsh onion harvesting, a tractor-mounted Welsh onion harvester was developed in this study. Method: An experiment for evaluating harvesting performance was performed for the developed Welsh onion harvester in an actual Welsh onion farm. The harvest performance was evaluated at the tractor running speeds of 5.0 cm/s, 11.4 cm/s and 15.8 cm/s, by comparing the operating efficiency, harvest rate, and damage rate of the Welsh onion harvester. Results: The performance of the harvester was rated as very good, with a 100% harvest rate, regardless of tractor running speed. Furthermore, it is shown that work efficiency of the harvester is expected to increase as the running speed increases. Nonetheless, the damage rate of the harvested Welsh onions at running speeds 5.0 cm/s, 11.4 cm/s, and 15.8 cm/s, increased correspondingly and proportionally to speeds from 4.55% to 6.53% and to 11.29%. The residual amount of soil on the harvested Welsh onions was about 0.24% of their weight showing excellent soil-removal performance of the harvester. Conclusion: The developed Welsh onion harvester is believed to improve the labor productivity and cultivation environment of Welsh onion farmhouses by the mechanization of the harvesting process that is currently associated with the largest amount of labor hours.
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문제 정의
The developed Welsh onion harvester was designed for use in a variety of growing conditions, and therefore, harvesting Welsh onions with a diverse range of ridge widths and heights was considered. The purpose of this study is to increase the labor productivity and promote the farmhouse income by mechanizing the Welsh onion harvester.
제안 방법
The selection or exclusion criteria for the immature Welsh onions included the assessment of the white stem thickness with a threshold set to a value equal to or less than 10 mm. Furthermore, the selection or exclusion criteria for the aging of the Welsh onions that have no commercial value owing to the leanness of the leaf sheath tip were based on simple visual inspection.
However, the length of the white stem could not be measured until harvest since the white stem was dispersed under the soil. In order to measure the weight of the Welsh onion relative to its thickness, the weight was divided into eight different levels from 10 mm to 26 mm, with a 2 mm interval, and one with a length of over 26 mm. The unit weight of the Welsh onion for each level of the white stem width was calculated on the basis of the 1276 Welsh onion samples.
In this research, mechanization of harvesting Welsh onions, a process that has traditionally depended on labor, will increase productivity and household income through the development and use of a Welsh onion harvester mounted on a tractor. The performance of the newly developed Welsh onion harvester was tested in an actual Welsh onion cultivation farm.
This value is significantly high and indicates that the thickness of the white stem is closely related to the weight of the Welsh onion. The analysis of texture of the Welsh onions was based on the nine different white stem thickness levels, with a reported average value for each cohort of ten samples, for the total length of the Welsh onion, leaf sheath, and white stem. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.
The classification criteria in relation to the thickness of the Welsh onions were based on the total quantity of the Welsh onions harvested in the 10 m areas during the three times the segmentation task was performed. The sample size for the assessment of the itemized material properties was selected in consideration of the standard for the composition ratio of the total amount.
The field experiment of the Welsh onion harvester was performed in the fixed ultra-low-speed tractor operation mode (rated engine speed of 2400 rpm and PTO rotation speed of 540 rpm) at which the field work capacity, damage rate, harvest rate, and soil scrape rate were investigated. The field work capacity was recorded at three levels of tractor working speeds, namely, 5.
To investigate the rate of the tractor for harvesting Welsh onions, a harvest experiment was performed at three different running tractor speeds at 5.0 cm/s, 11.4 cm/s, and 15.8 cm/s. As a result, the times to harvest a 10 a area at each different tractor running speed were 27,000 s, 10,524 s and 7,596 s, respectively.
대상 데이터
In order to evaluate the performance of the developed Welsh onion harvester, test packaging was performed in the major Welsh onion producer in Icheon, Gyeonggi (37°05'52.8" N, 127°31'22.08" E) (Figure 6).
The Welsh onions passed through the feeding device and were transported from the right side to the left side along a horizontal direction through a flat belt conveyor (650 mm in width) that was installed at 830 mm above the ground level. The Welsh onions were transported from the belt conveyor (B/C) free-fall to the "U" shaped bag with no sidepiece located 680 mm apart from the loading space.
The Welsh onions were transported from the belt conveyor (B/C) free-fall to the "U" shaped bag with no sidepiece located 680 mm apart from the loading space.
08" E) (Figure 6). The farm that participated in the test was a corporate farm that grows Welsh onions in 11.7 ha. The cultivation type was spring seeding cultivation, the cultivar was single stem Welsh onion, and a three-row culture was implemented as the planting method.
The ridge on the experimental field was round shaped with a row spacing of 828 mm and a hill spacing of 89 mm. The ridge height was 346 mm, the ridge width was 493 mm, and the furrow width was 287 mm (Figure 7).
성능/효과
Therefore, in this study, the weight of the residual soil of the harvested Welsh onions is investigated at three different working speeds. The result of the measurements indicated insignificant differences in the weight of residual soil, irrespective of the working speed. The average weight of the residual soil for each Welsh onion was 0.
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