[논문]산불이 난 산림에서의 개미군집: 회복과정과 복원방법

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doi:10.5656/ksae.2015.09.0.038

산불이 난 산림에서의 개미군집: 회복과정과 복원방법
Ant Assemblages in a Burned Forest in South Korea: Recovery Process and Restoration Method 원문보기

한국응용곤충학회지 = Korean journal of applied entomology, v.54 no.4, 2015년, pp.327 - 333

초록
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산불 후에 일어나는 개미군집의 변화양상을 파악하기 위해 산불이 난 산림에서 자연적으로 식생복원이 이루어진 곳, 인위적으로 조림한 곳, 산불이 나지 않은 곳의 3개 조사지에서 2005년부터 8년간 함정트랩으로 개미를 조사하였다. 모두 24종이 채집되었고 스미스개미(Nylanderia flavipes)가 가장 풍부하였다. 산림을 선호하는 개미종(예, 일본장다리개미, 민냄새개미, 노랑잘록개미)들은 산불이 나지 않은 조사지와 자연적으로 식생이 복원되는 조사지에서 많이 발생한 반면, 개활지를 선호하는 종(예, 곰개미, 일본왕개미, 주름개미)들은 인위적으로 조림된 곳에서 많이 나타났다. 다변량분석 결과는 인위적으로 조림된 곳이 자연적으로 식생이 복원된 곳 보다 개미군집이 산불 후에 더 많이 달라지는 것을 보여준다. 자연 복원된 조사지에서는 개미군집이 산불이 난 5-6년후에 산불 이전으로 회복되는 데 비해, 인공복원된 조사지에서는 회복에 약 25년이 소요될 것으로 추정되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In order to identify the post-fire changes of ant assemblages after a forest fire, ants were surveyed at three survey sites (artificial reforestation site, natural reforestation site, and unburned forest site) in a burned forest area for eight years from 2005 using pitfall traps. 24 species were collected, and Nylanderia flavipes was the most abundant. Ant species preferring forest habitats (e.g. Aphaenogaster japonica. Lasius spathepus, and Plagiolepis flavescens) more occurred at the unburned forest site and the natural reforestation site, whereas ant species preferring open habitat (e.g., Formica japonica, Camponotus japonicus, and Tetramorium caespitum) more occurred at the artificial reforestation site. Ordination analysis indicated that ant communities of the artificial reforestation site were more changed compared with those of the natural reforestation site after the fire. The communities of the natural reforestation site were restored to the pre-fire state in five to six years after fire, whereas those of the artificial forest site seemed to take about 25 years to restore.

주제어

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문제 정의

The purpose of this study is to compare the recovery process of ant fauna between the artificial reforestation and the natural reforestation after a forest fire. Ant communities were investigated at three survey sites (artificial reforestation site, natural reforestation site, and unburned forest site) in a burned forested area for eight years.
Y-K Park for his field works. This study was conducted as a part of a research project of Korea Forest Research Institute (Ecological monitoring of burned forests and development of recovery technology, FE0500-1997-01).

제안 방법

where, xi: the disturbance index value of species i (indicator value for AR site) yij : the abundance (trap catch frequency, %) of species i in site j. Simple regression model was made with the disturbance index value as the dependent variable and the year as the independent variable for each site. One-way ANOVA was used to compare values between groups with Neumann-Keuls multiple range test.
The Surveys on ants were conducted by pitfall traps. Plastic cups (diameter 9.

대상 데이터

A total of 6,443 ants belonging to 24 species were collected in this study (Table 1). Nylanderia flavipes was the first numerical dominant species which accounted for 31% of the total.
The Surveys on ants were conducted by pitfall traps. Plastic cups (diameter 9.5 cm, depth 6.5 cm) were used to install 20 traps at each survey site. Ten were buried in a straight line every 5 m and other ten were buried parallel 10 m away.
This study was conducted in Gangleung area where a forest fire burned pine forest with an area of 430 ha in April 2004 (Kwon et al., 2013b). Three survey sites were selected within the study area; artificial reforestation (AR) site that was burned, clear-cut, and artificially reforested, natural reforestation (NR) site that was recovered naturally after fire, and unburned forest (UN) site (Fig.
, 2013b). Three survey sites were selected within the study area; artificial reforestation (AR) site that was burned, clear-cut, and artificially reforested, natural reforestation (NR) site that was recovered naturally after fire, and unburned forest (UN) site (Fig. 1). In April 2006, seedlings of Liriodendron tulipifera were planted at the AR site.
Pitfall traps were installed in late May and returned 10 to 15 days later. Total of 480 pitfall traps (160 traps per site) were used for 8 years. The returned traps were filled with 100% ethyl alcohol and preserved in the laboratory.

데이터처리

Simple regression model was made with the disturbance index value as the dependent variable and the year as the independent variable for each site. One-way ANOVA was used to compare values between groups with Neumann-Keuls multiple range test. Regression analysis and other statistical analysis were conducted using STATISTICA ver 8.
One-way ANOVA was used to compare values between groups with Neumann-Keuls multiple range test. Regression analysis and other statistical analysis were conducted using STATISTICA ver 8.0 (Statsoft, Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA).

이론/모형

This is because this value deals only with whether the corresponding species exist around the trap. Ordination analysis of ant communities was conducted by Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS) using the abundance. NMS analysis was conducted using PC-ORD ver.

성능/효과

, 2012). In the space of the NR site, Camponotus kiusuensis and Lasius spathepus are distributed, and in its vicinity, Plagiolepis flavescens, Myrmica carinata, and Pachycondyla javana are distributed. Myrmica species occur commonly in both forests and open habitats (Shin et al.
Results of this study showed that the ant assemblage of the AR site was much different from that of the UN site, while the assemblage of the NR site was relatively similar to that of the UN site. This finding represents that the artificial recovery of burned forest would influence more greatly on forest-dwelling organisms than the natural recovery would do.

참고문헌 (20)

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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
Holldobler, B., Willson, E.O., 1990. The ants. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Massachusetts.
Kwon, T-S., 2014. An empirical test of influence of global warming and forest disturbance on ant fauna at Gwangneung LTER site, South Korea. J. Asia-Pacific Biodiv. 7, 252-257.

상세보기
Kwon, T-S., Kim, S-S., Lee, C.M., Jung, S.J., Sung, J.H., 2012. Korean ant atlas (2006-2009). Research Note 459. Korea Forest Research Institute, KDHL Pub. Co., Seoul.
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상세보기
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상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기
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