[논문]지베렐린과 2,4-D 처리를 이용한 토마토 착과율 및 수확량 증가

루이텔 비노드; 이택종; 강원희

doi:10.12791/ksbec.2015.24.1.027

지베렐린과 2,4-D 처리를 이용한 토마토 착과율 및 수확량 증가
Fruit Set and Yield Enhancement in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Using Gibberellic Acid and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid Spray 원문보기

시설원예ㆍ식물공장 = Protected horticulture and plant factory, v.24 no.1, 2015년, pp.27 - 33

루이텔 비노드 (강원대학교 원예학과) , 이택종 (강원대학교 원예학과) , 강원희 (강원대학교 원예학과)

초록
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토마토의 착과와 수확량은 여름철 비닐하우스내 고온스트레스로 인하여 감소하게 된다. 본 연구는 여름철 화천지역에 위치한 비닐하우스에서 지베렐린($GA_3$)과 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid(2,4-D) 처리가 토마토의 수확량, 착과율, 착과 후 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 'Adoration' 품종을 이용하여 실험하였다. $GA_3$ 0-, 5-, 10-, $15mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$와 2,4-D 0-, 5-, $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$를 개화 초기에 처리한 후 착과율, 수확량, 과실품질과 관련된 형질을 관찰한 결과, $GA_3$ $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$처리구에서 대조구에 비해 14.2%의 착과율 증가를 보였다. $GA_3$처리구에서는 수확량, 과중, 상품과실 수에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2,4-D를 개화기에 처리했을 경우 착과율, 수확량, 상품과의 과중에 영향을 미쳤으며 $GA_3$과 2,4-D를 각각 $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 농도로 혼합처리 하였을 때 가장 높은(62.5%) 착과율을 나타내었다. 과실크기와 고형물함량은 $GA_3$처리구에서만 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다. 따라서 여름철 비닐하우스의 고온조건에서 $GA_3$ $0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$처리구와 2,4-D $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$를 처리했을 때 착과율이 가장 높아 많은 수확량을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

High temperature stress in summer season at plastic house is a limiting factor for tomato fruit set and yield. This study was performed to assess the effects of gibberellic acid ($GA_3$) and 2,4-Dichlophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) spray on fruit set, yield, and quality of tomato cv. 'Adoration'(Enza Zaden Co., Ltd.) under the plastic house in Hwacheon, 2011. Four concentrations (0-, 5-, 10- and $15mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) of $GA_3$, and three concentrations (0-, 5- and $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) 2,4-D were sprayed in early flowering of tomato in the plastic house, and fruit set, yield and quality characters were observed. The results showed that spray of $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $GA_3$ significantly increased the fruit set by 14.2% than unsprayed. The spray of $GA_3$ significantly increased the marketable fruit number, fruit weight, and yield. The spray of 2,4-D on blossoms significantly affected the fruit set percentage, fruit weight, marketable fruit weight and yield, and the highest fruit set observed as 62.5% in combined spray of $GA_3$ and 2,4-D at each $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Fruit size and total soluble solids significantly varied with the concentrations of $GA_3$ sprayed. The result indicates that the spray of $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $GA_3$ and $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 2,4-D can be more economic and effective to increase the fruit set, and yield in tomato under high temperature condition in plastic house.

주제어

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문제 정의

The spray of GA₃ and 2,4-D on the tomato flower at high temperature condition under the plastic house would help to lessen the flower abscission as well as to increase the fruit set and yield of tomato. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of GA₃ and 2,4-D on fruit set and tomato yield under the plastic house condition.

제안 방법

Four levels (0-, 5-, 10- and 15mg·L−1 ) of GA3 and three levels (0-, 5- and 10mg·L−1 ) of 2,4-D were arranged in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications and each treatment consists of 15 plants.

데이터처리

2Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P ≤ 0.05); Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
The data were analyzed using MSTATC software and significant mean was separated using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT).
Z Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P ≤ 0.05); Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

성능/효과

Observations were taken on five plants from each replication and fruit parameters including fruit set percentage, total fruit number per plant, marketable fruit number per plant, non-marketable fruit number per plant, fruit weight, marketable fruit weight, total yield per plant, fruit size (length and width, mm), total soluble soilds (°Brix) and pericarp thickness (mm) were measured.
01) difference observed among non-marketable fruit number per plant. The highest non-marketable fruit number percentage produced as 57.2% at unsprayed plant and percentage of non-marketable fruit decreased with the level of GA₃ increased. The highest fruit weight observed as 53.
(2007a) reported that tomato fruits induced by GA₃ and 2,4-D had thicker pericarp but in this result, 2,4-D did not any significant effect on pericarp thickness. To conclude, the growth regulators like GA₃ and 2,4-D spray in flower increased the fruit set, yield and quality characters under high temperature condition. The combined spray of 10mg·L⁻¹ GA₃ and 5mg·L⁻¹ 2,4-D can increase the fruit set and yield in tomato during the summer inside the plastic house.

참고문헌 (27)

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