Park, Chan-Mi
(World Class Institute (WCI), and Chemical biology Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
,
Kim, Hye-Min
(World Class Institute (WCI), and Chemical biology Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
,
Kim, Dong Hyun
(World Class Institute (WCI), and Chemical biology Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
,
Han, Ho-Jin
(World Class Institute (WCI), and Chemical biology Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
,
Noh, Haneul
(World Class Institute (WCI), and Chemical biology Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
,
Jang, Jae-Hyuk
(World Class Institute (WCI), and Chemical biology Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
,
Park, Soo-Hyun
(Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods(CTCF2), Chonbuk National University Hospital)
,
Chae, Han-Jung
(Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods(CTCF2), Chonbuk National University Hospital)
,
Chae, Soo-Wan
(Clinical T)
,
Ryu, Eun Kyoung
,
Lee, Sangku
,
Liu, Kangdong
,
Liu, Haidan
,
Ahn, Jong-Seog
,
Kim, Young Ock
,
Kim, Bo-Yeon
,
Soung, Nak-Kyun
Ginsenosides, which are the active materials of ginseng, have biological functions that include anti-osteoporotic effects. Aqueous ginseng extract inhibits osteoclast differentiation induced by receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL). Aqueous ginseng extract produces chromatog...
Ginsenosides, which are the active materials of ginseng, have biological functions that include anti-osteoporotic effects. Aqueous ginseng extract inhibits osteoclast differentiation induced by receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL). Aqueous ginseng extract produces chromatography peaks characteristic of ginsenosides. Among these peaks, ginsenoside Re is a major component. However, the preventive effects of ginsenoside Re against osteoclast differentiation are not known. We studied the effect of ginsenoside Re on osteoclast differentiation, RANKL-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, and formation of multinucleated osteoclasts in vitro. Ginsenoside Re hampered osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. In an in vivo zebrafish model, aqueous ginseng extract and ginsenoside Re had anti-osteoclastogenesis effects. These findings suggest that both aqueous ginseng extract and ginsenoside Re prevent bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. Ginsenoside Re could be important for promoting bone health.
Ginsenosides, which are the active materials of ginseng, have biological functions that include anti-osteoporotic effects. Aqueous ginseng extract inhibits osteoclast differentiation induced by receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL). Aqueous ginseng extract produces chromatography peaks characteristic of ginsenosides. Among these peaks, ginsenoside Re is a major component. However, the preventive effects of ginsenoside Re against osteoclast differentiation are not known. We studied the effect of ginsenoside Re on osteoclast differentiation, RANKL-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, and formation of multinucleated osteoclasts in vitro. Ginsenoside Re hampered osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. In an in vivo zebrafish model, aqueous ginseng extract and ginsenoside Re had anti-osteoclastogenesis effects. These findings suggest that both aqueous ginseng extract and ginsenoside Re prevent bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. Ginsenoside Re could be important for promoting bone health.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
가설 설정
(B) TRAP activity was measured at λ = 405 nm.
To explore the mechanisms by which ginsenoside Re inhibits osteoclast differentiation, we tested whether ginsenoside Re reduced protein levels of the transcription factors NFATc1 and c-Fos in BMMs stimulated with RANKL. The levels of the protein degradation control protein CYLD did not change with ginsenoside Re treatment (Fig.
제안 방법
Bone health depends on the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this study, we found that aqueous ginseng extract negatively regulated osteoclastogenic activity, with both in vitro and in vivo evidence of the anti-osteoporotic effects of the extract. Aqueous ginseng extract effectively suppressed osteoclast differentiation in mouse BMMs and zebrafish scales.
대상 데이터
Aqueous ginseng extract was from the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation in Chungbuk, Republic of Korea. To mimic intake conditions for traditional oriental herbs, we used a previously described water extraction process (Lee et al.
To measure zebrafish vertebrae density, fish were fixed in a stretched position on a sample holder and scanned with a microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) system (Siemens, USA). Experiments were performed on an animal Inveon system in the Ochang Center at the Korea Basic Science Institute. The μ-CT scanner was set to 80 kVp for the X-ray tube, 500 μA for the X-ray source, and 800-ms exposure time.
데이터처리
Data were analyzed using Student's t-test or one-way analysis of variance for comparisons between two mean values.
이론/모형
All reactions were run in triplicate, and the data were normalized to that of β-actin. Relative differences in PCR results were evaluated using the comparative cycle threshold method. Primer sets were: mouse NFATc1, 5'-CCGTTGCTTCCAGAAAATAACA-3' (forward), 5'-TGTGGGATGTGAACTCGGAA-3' (reverse); mouse β-actin, 5'-TCTGCTGGAAGGTGGACAGT-3' (forward), 5'-CCTCTATGCCAACACAGTC-3' (reverse); mouse TRAP 5'-CTGGAGTGCACGATG-CCAGCGACA-3' (forward), 5'-TCCGTGCTCGGCGATGGACCAGA-3' (reverse); zebrafish cathepsin K, 5'-CTATTAAAGAGATTCCTCAGGGTAAGCA-3' (forward), 5'- ACACGGGTCCCACATTGG-3' (reverse); zebrafish TRAP, 5'- CGTCCACTGACCACAGGAAGA-3' (forward), 5'-AAGGA-TCCTGACGTCTGATTGA-3' (reverse); zebrafish matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, 5'-AAATCTGTGTTCGTGACGTT-TCCT-3 (forward), 5-GCCGTAACGCTT-CAGATACTCAT-3' (reverse); zebrafish MMP2, 5'-TTGCTTCCCTGCAAACTTTTG-3' (forward), 5'-GAGCCACTTCTTTGTCTGTGTGA-3' (reverse); zebrafish alkaline phosphatase, 5'-CAGTGGGAATCGTCACAACAA-3' (forward), 5'-CCACACAGTGGGCATAAGCA-3' (reverse); zebrafish osterix, 5'-AAGAAACCTGTCCACAGCTG-3' (forward), 5'- GAGGCTTTACCGTACACCTT-3' (reverse); and zebrafish β-actin, 5'-CAACAGGGAAAAGATG-ACACAGAT-3' (forward), 5'-CAGCCTGGATGGCAACGT-3' (reverse).
성능/효과
These observations were confirmed by the decreased expression of the osteoclast marker genes TRAP and cathepsin K; gene expression was decreased ~0.7–0.8 fold in ginsenoside Re-treated samples compared to the controls (Figs. 5C and 5D).
참고문헌 (25)
Biskobing D.M. Fan X. Rubin J. 1995 Characterization of MCSF-induced proliferation and subsequent osteoclast formation in murine marrow culture J Bone Miner Res 10 1025 1032 7484277
Cheng B. Li J. Du J. Lv X. Weng L. Ling C. 2012 Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits osteoclastogenesis by modulating NF-kappaB and MAPKs pathways Food Chem Toxicol 50 1610 1615 22386813
Goltzman D. 2002 Discoveries, drugs and skeletal disorders Nat Rev 1 784 796
He L. Lee J. Jang J.H. Lee S.H. Nan M.H. Oh B.C. Lee S.G. Kim H.H. Soung N.K. Ahn J.S. 2012 Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits osteoclastogenesis through downregulation of NF-kappaB, NFATc1 and c-Fos Bone 50 1207 1213 22484180
Huang Q. Gao B. Jie Q. Wei B.Y. Fan J. Zhang H.Y. Zhang J.K. Li X.J. Shi J. Luo Z.J. 2014 Ginsenoside-Rb2 displays anti-osteoporosis effects through reducing oxidative damage and bone-resorbing cytokines during osteogenesis Bone 66 306 314 24933344
Kim H.R. Cui Y. Hong S.J. Shin S.J. Kim D.S. Kim N.M. So S.H. Lee S.K. Kim E.C. Chae S.W. 2008 Effect of ginseng mixture on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 30 333 345 18569088
Kong Y.Y. Yoshida H. Sarosi I. Tan H.L. Timms E. Capparelli C. Morony S. Oliveira-dos-Santos A.J. Van G. Itie A. 1999 OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph-node organogenesis Nature 397 315 323 9950424
Kropotov A.V. Kolodnyak O.L. Koldaev V.M. 2002 Effects of Siberian ginseng extract and ipriflavone on the development of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis Bull Exp Biol Med 133 252 254 12360344
Lee T.K. O’Brien K.F. Wang W. Johnke R.M. Sheng C. Benhabib S.M. Wang T. Allison R.R. 2010 Radioprotective effect of American ginseng on human lymphocytes at 90 minutes postirradiation: a study of 40 cases J Altern Complement Med 16 561 567 20491513
Lee H.Y. Park S.H. Chae S.W. Soung N.K. Oh M.j. Kim J.S. Kim Y.O. Chae H.J. 2015 Aqueous ginseng extract has a preventive role in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis J Funct Foods 13 192 203
Lim Y.U. Sun D.H. Kim Y.S. 2009 Etiological cause of osteoporosis and prevention of fracture by osteoporosis J Korean Hip Society 21
Polan M.L. Hochberg R.B. Trant A.S. Wuh H.C. 2004 Estrogen bioassay of ginseng extract and ArginMax, a nutritional supplement for the enhancement of female sexual function J Women’s Health 13 427 430
Putnam S.E. Scutt A.M. Bicknell K. Priestley C.M. Williamson E.M. 2007 Natural products as alternative treatments for metabolic bone disorders and for maintenance of bone health Phytotherapy Res 21 99 112
Shin Y.W. Bae E.A. Kim S.S. Lee Y.C. Lee B.Y. Kim D.H. 2006 The effects of ginsenoside Re and its metabolite, ginsenoside Rh1, on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate- and oxazolone-induced mouse dermatitis models Planta Medica 72 376 378 16557482
Siddiqi M.H. Siddiqi M.Z. Ahn S. Kang S. Kim Y.J. Sathishkumar N. Yang D.U. Yang D.C. 2013 Ginseng saponins and the treatment of osteoporosis: mini literature review J Ginseng Res 37 261 268 24198650
Siddiqi M.H. Siddiqi M.Z. Kang S. Noh H.Y. Ahn S. Simu S.Y. Aziz M.A. Sathishkumar N. Jimenez Perez Z.E. Yang D.C. 2015 Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by ginsenoside Rg3 in RAW264.7 cells via RANKL, JNK and p38 MAPK pathways through a modulation of cathepsin K: an in silico and in vitro study Phytother Res [Epub ahead of print]
Takayanagi H. Kim S. Koga T. Nishina H. Isshiki M. Yoshida H. Saiura A. Isobe M. Yokochi T. Inoue J. 2002 Induction and activation of the transcription factor NFATc1 (NFAT2) integrate RANKL signaling in terminal differentiation of osteoclasts Dev Cell 3 889 901 12479813
Tanaka S. Takahashi N. Udagawa N. Tamura T. Akatsu T. Stanley E.R. Kurokawa T. Suda T. 1993 Macrophage colony-stimulating factor is indispensable for both proliferation and differentiation of osteoclast progenitors J Clin Invest 91 257 263 8423223
Teitelbaum S.L. Ross F.P. 2003 Genetic regulation of osteoclast development and function Nat Rev Genet 4 638 649 12897775
van den Heuvel E.G. Schoterman M.H. Muijs T. 2000 Transgalactooligosaccharides stimulate calcium absorption in postmenopausal women J Nutr 130 2938 2942 11110850
Wei S. Wang M.W. Teitelbaum S.L. Ross F.P. 2002 Interleukin-4 reversibly inhibits osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of NF-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling J Biol Chem 277 6622 6630 11719504
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.