선택한 단어 수는 입니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
선택한 단어 수는 30입니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
제안 방법
- In addition, pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity were analyzed. Analyses were conducted in accordance with standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Meteorological data for study site were collected from Korea Meteorological Administration.
- Aesthetic maintenance is important primarily for public acceptance of BMPs such as ponds, while functional maintenance is important for performance and safety reasons. In this study, most of the maintenance activities were focused in the aesthetic maintenance such as cleaning and removal of debris, litters and accumulated solid in the inflow channel and cover with a frequency of 20 times/year. The rearrangement of the soil at the retention zone and the cleaning of the sedimentation zone and surroundings have contributed to the improvement of pollutant removal efficiency of the system.
- Real costs were used for LCC analysis in this study, and the base year was set at 2005. The financial data such as actual construction, design and maintenance cost were also collected to evaluate the LCC of BMPs.
- , 2010). The first six samples were collected during the first hour at zero minute (initial sampling time) and after 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 minutes followed by another six samples collected at an hourly interval. Short time of intervals were selected at the beginning if the runoff to determine the existence of a first flush.
- BMP operation and maintenance were primarily based on BMP Design Management Manual (MOE, 2008) prepared by the MOE in Korea. The manual includes design, construction, operation, maintenance, management inspection checklists, and monitoring method for several BMPs. The recent maintenance activities conducted in BMPs are shown in Table 2.
- , 2007). The purpose of an LCC analysis is to estimate the overall costs of project alternative and to select the design that ensures the facility will provide the lowest overall cost of ownership consistent with its quality and function. The LCC analysis should be performed early in the design process while there is still a chance to refine the design to ensure a reduction in LCC.
- Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the LCC of BMPs over a 30-year time frame based on actual construction, design and maintenance cost. The specific purpose was to provide a reference on the methods and parameters for cost analysis of BMPs. The final results of this study could serve as models for LCC analysis and cost control of BMPs for diffuse pollution management.
- The actual costs vary greatly based on the character of the individual site and the creativity of the designer. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the LCC of BMPs over a 30-year time frame based on actual construction, design and maintenance cost. The specific purpose was to provide a reference on the methods and parameters for cost analysis of BMPs.
대상 데이터
- Analyses were conducted in accordance with standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Meteorological data for study site were collected from Korea Meteorological Administration. The pollutant removal efficiency was calculated as the percent removal R for each parameter, which was calculated by R = (1 – Ce)/Ci × 100, where Ci and Ce are the influent and effluent concentration in mg/L.
이론/모형
- BMP operation and maintenance were primarily based on BMP Design Management Manual (MOE, 2008) prepared by the MOE in Korea. The manual includes design, construction, operation, maintenance, management inspection checklists, and monitoring method for several BMPs.
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