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지식경영연구 = Knowledge Management Research, v.17 no.3, 2016년, pp.117 - 136
강신형 (한성대학교 경영학과) , 황정태 (한림대학교 경영학과) , 박상문 (강원대학교 경영회계학부)
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External knowledge search is critical to expand the firm's knowledge base, increasing the innovation performance. However, prior literature has paid less scholarly attention on the boundary condition of the search activity. In particular, the few literatures on the contingency factors are either con...
| 핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
|---|---|---|
| 개방형 혁신이란 무엇인가? | 이처럼 기업이 혁신 과정에서 다양한 외부 파트너의 지식을 활용하는 것을 개방형 혁신이라고 한다(Chesbrough, 2003). P&G의 ‘connect & develop’은 개방형 혁신이 실무적으로 적용된 대표적 사례 중 하나로 제품 개발 과정에서 발생하는 기술적 문제의 해결을 내부의 연구개발활동이 아니라 외부 파트너에 의존하는 형태를 의미한다(Huston and Sakkab, 2006). | |
| 기업이 혁신을 위해 주로 활용하는 외부 지식 원천에는 어떤것들이 있는가? | 외부지식탐색이 기업의 지식 기반을 확장하고 결합적 탐색을 강화함으로써 기업의 혁신 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 주기 때문이다(Katila and Ahuja, 2002; Rosenkopf and Nerkar, 2001). 기업이 혁신을 위해 주로 활용하는 외부 지식 원천으로는 고객, 공급자, 경쟁사, 대학 및 정부 연구소, 컨설턴트, 산업협회 등이 있다(Köhler, Sofka, and Grimpe, 2012; Laursen and Salter, 2006; Leiponen and Helfat, 2010). | |
| 개방형 혁신이 실무적으로 적용된 대표적 사례는 어떤것들이 있는가? | P&G의 ‘connect & develop’은 개방형 혁신이 실무적으로 적용된 대표적 사례 중 하나로 제품 개발 과정에서 발생하는 기술적 문제의 해결을 내부의 연구개발활동이 아니라 외부 파트너에 의존하는 형태를 의미한다(Huston and Sakkab, 2006). 예를 들어, P&G의 핵심 제품 중 하나인 프링글스의 경우, 과자 표면에 먹을 수 있는 잉크를 이용해 그림이나 유머 등을 프린트하는 기술을 내부에서 직접 개발하지 않고 이탈리아 볼로냐에 자리한 제과점의 기술을 받아들여 적용하였다. 이외에도 P&G는 ‘connect & develop’ 프로그램을 통해 스웨덴의 룬드대학과 공동으로 폴리머 소재 개발하였고 이를 통해 옷감 손상을 최소화하며 세탁 성능을 유지한 타이드 토털 케어라는 제품을 출시하였다. |
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