Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the activation of trunk and gluteal muscles during bridge exercises with a sling (BS), single-legged bridge exercise with a sling (SBS), single-legged bridge exercise (SB), and general bridge exercise (GB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: T...
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the activation of trunk and gluteal muscles during bridge exercises with a sling (BS), single-legged bridge exercise with a sling (SBS), single-legged bridge exercise (SB), and general bridge exercise (GB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-five healthy participants (19 males and 6 females, aged 27.8 [4.78]) voluntarily participated in this study. In the bridging exercise, each subject lifted their pelvis with their legs and feet in contact with the sling or normal surface. The electrical activities of the erector spinae (ES), gluteus maximus (GM), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles during the bridging exercises on the 2 surfaces were measured using surface electromyography. Subjects practiced each of the four bridge condition three times in random order and average values were obtained. Results: On the ipsilateral side, activities of the IO, EO, and ES during SBS was significantly higher than those during BS, SB, and GB (p<0.05). Activities of the IO and EO during SB was significantly higher than those during BS and GB (p<0.05). On the contralateral side, activities of the GM and EO during SB and SBS was significantly higher than that during BS and GB (p<0.05). These results verify the theory that the use of sling and single leg lift increases the activation trunk and gluteal muscles during bridging exercises. Conclusions: The single-legged bridge exercise with a sling can be recommended as an effective method to facilitate trunk and gluteal muscle activities.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the activation of trunk and gluteal muscles during bridge exercises with a sling (BS), single-legged bridge exercise with a sling (SBS), single-legged bridge exercise (SB), and general bridge exercise (GB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-five healthy participants (19 males and 6 females, aged 27.8 [4.78]) voluntarily participated in this study. In the bridging exercise, each subject lifted their pelvis with their legs and feet in contact with the sling or normal surface. The electrical activities of the erector spinae (ES), gluteus maximus (GM), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles during the bridging exercises on the 2 surfaces were measured using surface electromyography. Subjects practiced each of the four bridge condition three times in random order and average values were obtained. Results: On the ipsilateral side, activities of the IO, EO, and ES during SBS was significantly higher than those during BS, SB, and GB (p<0.05). Activities of the IO and EO during SB was significantly higher than those during BS and GB (p<0.05). On the contralateral side, activities of the GM and EO during SB and SBS was significantly higher than that during BS and GB (p<0.05). These results verify the theory that the use of sling and single leg lift increases the activation trunk and gluteal muscles during bridging exercises. Conclusions: The single-legged bridge exercise with a sling can be recommended as an effective method to facilitate trunk and gluteal muscle activities.
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문제 정의
Previous studies have mostly focused on investigating trunk muscle activation during bridge exercises. Therefore, the purpose of this study was not only to determine the effects of performing bridge exercises with use of a sling on trunk and lower muscle activation, but also to investigate for which type of bridge exercise would most efficiently activate the trunk and lower extremity muscles in healthy subjects.
This study examined the effects of performing GB, SB, BS, and SBS on ES, EO, IO, and GM muscle activation using surface EMG in healthy subjects. During the performance of a single-legged bridge, a significant increase in ipsilateral ES, bilateral EO, and bilateral IO muscle activation has been confirmed, and a significant decrease in ipsilateral GM and a significant increase in contralateral GM has been observed.
This study investigated the effects of performing a single-legged bridge with sling exercise on trunk and gluteal muscle activation in healthy subjects. The interventions of this study may be a clinically effective method of treatment, and can be applied to patients with hemiplegia.
제안 방법
Data from the first and last second were excluded, while data from the middle three seconds was analysed. After all the conditions were repeated and measured three times and mean values were obtained, values were normalized to MVIC.
The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) was obtained from the ES, EO, IO, and gluteus maximus(GM). Prior to the experiment, subjects were informed of the bridge exercise performance methods by the researcher and were allowed to practice each bridge condition three times. Each bridge condition was performed three times in random order.
Adhesive electrodes were attached onto the L2 area 2 cm inward towards the triangle for the ES, 15 cm above the umbilicus for the EO, between the gluteal line and greater trochanter for the GM, and 2 cm downward and inward from the anterior superior iliac spine for the IO [19]. Prior to the experiment, the MVIC data analysis of the ES, EO, IO, and GM was conducted. The MVIC of the ES was assessed with the subject lying in prone position and raising the trunk off the treatment table while a therapist stabilized the lower extremities.
This was a cross-sectional study in which twenty-five healthy subjects between the ages of 20 and 30 years old agreed to participate in the study after being informed of the study purpose, method, result, and application. Muscle activation was measured while performing bridge exercises with a sling (BS), single-legged bridge exercise with a sling(SBS), single-legged bridge exercise (SB), and the GB.
데이터처리
, Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the general characteristics of subjects, and a one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to investigate for the effects of various bridge exercise conditions on trunk and lower extremity gluteal muscle activation. To examine for the differences in trunk and lower extremity muscle activation, data was analysed using the least significant difference.
성능/효과
This study examined the effects of performing GB, SB, BS, and SBS on ES, EO, IO, and GM muscle activation using surface EMG in healthy subjects. During the performance of a single-legged bridge, a significant increase in ipsilateral ES, bilateral EO, and bilateral IO muscle activation has been confirmed, and a significant decrease in ipsilateral GM and a significant increase in contralateral GM has been observed. It can be stated a single-legged bridge decreases the base of support and produces instability, consequently leading to an increase in trunk muscle activation for compensation [21], and when the raised ipsilateral lower extremity begin to lower towards the ground, the weight of that lower extremity produces a proportional amount of resistance onto the contralateral side, thus exhibiting an increase in contralateral trunk and lower extremity muscle activation [7].
In this study, a significant increase in ES, EO, IO, and contralateral GM muscle activation has been observed during the performance of a single-legged bridge with sling and single-legged bridge conditions compared with the general bridge condition. Similar results have been found in previous studies.
Performance of a single-legged bridge produces instability, which in turn causes a co-contraction of the muscles in order to maintain balance and overcome the instability [21]. The results of this study confirmed that there was a greater significant increase in ipsilateral ES, EO, and IO muscle activation during single-legged bridge with sling compared to the GB, SB, and BS conditions. Haynes [22] re-ported subjects who participated in various unstable conditions exercises demonstrated remarkable muscle activation on greater instability levels.
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