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Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

The effects of selenization pressure on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the CIGS thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering using a single quaternary target were investigated. At selenization pressures lower than atmospheric pressure, CIGS thin films formed non-stoichiometri...

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제안 방법

  • In this study, we evaluated the effects of selenization process pressure on the structural, optical and electrical properties of CIGS films as absorber layers for photovoltaic devices. The films were deposited by RF sputtering using a quaternary Cu(InxGa1-x)Se2 target and then subjected to selenization in a tube furnace.
  • The thickness of the CIGS films was measured using a surface profiler (Tencor-P1), while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (Philips X’Pert PRO XRD system, Cu Kα irradiation, λ= 1.50405 Å) was employed to examine the crystalline structure of the films.

대상 데이터

  • 5 μm thick Mo layer that had been deposited by DC sputtering. A 3 inch diameter target composed of the quaternary components of Cu, In, Ga and Se was employed. The compositional ratio of the target was 25:17.

이론/모형

  • The carrier concentration and resistivity of the films were measured using the Van der Pauw method through the Hall effect measurement system (HMS-3000) in a 0.55 T magnetic field at room temperature and Indium soldering was applied to the film's surface as the ohmic contact.
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참고문헌 (17)

  1. A. J. Zhou, D. Mei, X. G. Kong, X. H. Xu, L. D. Feng, X. Y. Dai, T. Gao and J. Z. Li, "One-step synthesis of Cu(In,Ga) $Se_2$ absorber layers by magnetron sputtering from a single quaternary targetThin", Solid Films 520, 6068 (2012). 

  2. S. H. Jung, R. Fan, W. I. Lee and C. W. Chung, "Structural and electrical properties of radio frequency magnetron sputtered Cu(InxGa1 - x) $Se_2$ thin films with additional post-heat treatment", Thin Solid Films 547, 86 (2013). 

  3. G. S. Chen, J. C. Yang, Y. C. Chan, L. C. Yang and W. Huang, "Another route to fabricate single-phase chalcogenides by post-selenization of Cu-In-Ga precursors sputter deposited from a single ternary target", Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 93, 1351 (2009). 

  4. B. J. Brown, B. Haba and C. W. Hates, "Solution Chemistry in the Formation of Single-Phase $CuInSe_2$ by Spray Pyrolysis", J. Electrochem. Soc. :Solid-State Sci. Technol. 135, 1599 (1988). 

  5. M. A. Contreras, B. Egaas, K. Ramanthan, J. Hiltmer, A. Swartzlander, F. Hasson, R. Noufi, Prog. "Progress toward 20% efficiency in Cu(In,Ga) $Se_2$ polycrystalline thin-film solar cells", Photovol. Res. Appl. 7, 311 (1999). 

  6. R. N. Bhattacharya, H. Wiesner, T. A. Berens, R. J. Matson, J. Keane and K. Ramanthan, "12.3% Efficient $CuIn_1$ - $_xGa_xSe_2$ -Based Device from Electrodeposited Precursor", J. Elecrochem. Soc. 144, 1376 (1997). 

  7. Z. Yu, C. Yan, Y. Yan, Y. Zhang, T. Huang, W. Huang, S. Li, L. Liu, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhao, "Effect of annealing temperature on properties of RF sputtered Cu(In,Ga) $Se_2$ thin films", Appl. Surf. Sci. 258, 8527 (2012). 

  8. H. J. Feng, L. Cheng, J. Tao, X. Hua-mu and Z. Kui, "Investigation of Cu(In,Ga) $Se_2$ polycrystalline growth: Ga diffusion and surface morphology evolution", Mater. Res. Bull. 49, 187 (2014). 

  9. J. Wang, J. Zhu and Y. X. He, "The influence of different locations of sputter guns on the morphological and structural properties of Cu-In-Ga precursors and Cu(In,Ga) $Se_2$ thin films", Appl. Surf. Sci. 288, 109 (2014). 

  10. D. H. Kuo, Y. C. Tu and M. Monsefi, "Effects of selenization parameters on growth characteristics of the Cu(In,Ga) $Se_2$ films deposited by sputtering with a Cu-In-Ga, Cu-In- $Ga_2Se_3$ , or Cu-Ga- $In_2Se_3$ target and a subsequent selenization procedure at $550-700^{\circ}C$ ", Appl. Surf. Sci. 268, 22 (2013). 

  11. H. K. Song, J. K. Jeong, H. J. Kim, S. K. Kim and Kyung Hoon Yoon, "Fabrication of $CuIn_1$ -xGax $Se_2$ thin film solar cells by sputtering and selenization process", Thin Solid Films 435, 186 (2003). 

  12. V. Alberts, S. Zweigart and H. W. Schock, "Preparation of device quality $CuInSe_2$ by selenization of Se-containing precursors in $H_2Se$ ", Semicond. Sci. Technol. 12, 217 (1997). 

  13. P. K. Mishra, V. Dave, R. Chandra, J. N. Prasad and A. K. Choudhary, "Effect of processing parameter on structural, optical and electrical properties of photovoltaic chalcogenide nanostructured RF magnetron sputtered thin absorbing films", Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 25, 307 (2014). 

  14. J. H. Kim, H. S. Lee and N. M. Park, "Post-annealing effect on the reactively sputter-grown CIGS thin films and its influence to solar cell performance", Curr. Appl. Phys. 14, s63 (2014). 

  15. R. Caballero, C. Maffiotte and C. Guillen, "Preparation and characterization of $CuIn_1$ -xGax $Se_2$ thin films obtained by sequential evaporations and different selenization processes", Thin Solid Films 474, 70 (2005). 

  16. J. H. Shi, Z. Q. Li, D. W. Zhang, Q. Q. Liu, Z. Sun and S. M. Huang, "Fabrication of Cu(In, Ga) $Se_2$ thin films by sputtering from a single quaternary chalcogenide target", Prog. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl. 19, 160 (2011). 

  17. Y. C. Lin, Z. Q. Lin, C. H. Shen, L. Q. Wang, C. T. Ha and C. Peng, J. "Cu(In, Ga) $Se_2$ films prepared by sputtering with a chalcopyrite Cu(In, Ga) $Se_2$ quaternary alloy and In targets", Mater. Sci. : Mater. Electron. 23, 493 (2012). 

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