Koc-Vural, Uzay
(Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University)
,
Baltacioglu, Ismail
(Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University)
,
Altinci, Pinar
(Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku)
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill and nanohybrid resin-based composites polished with 3 different, multistep, aluminum-oxide impregnated finishing and polishing disks. Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were l...
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill and nanohybrid resin-based composites polished with 3 different, multistep, aluminum-oxide impregnated finishing and polishing disks. Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were light-cured between two glass slabs using one nanohybid bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent), one micro-hybrid bulk-fill (Quixfil, Dentsply), and two nanohybrid incremental-fill (Filtek Ultimate, 3M ESPE; Herculite XRV Ultra, Kerr) resin-based composites, and aged by thermocycling (between $5-55^{\circ}C$, 3,000 cycles). Then, they were divided into subgroups according to the polishing procedure as SwissFlex ($Colt\grave{e}ne/Whaledent$), Optidisc (Kerr), and Praxis TDV (TDV Dental) (n = 12 per subgroup). One surface of each specimen was left unpolished. All specimens were immersed in coffee solution at $37^{\circ}C$. The color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured after 1 and 7 days of storage using a colorimeter based on CIE Lab system. The data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedmann tests (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Univariate ANOVA detected significant interactions between polishing procedure and composite resin and polishing procedure and storage time (p < 0.05). Significant color changes were detected after 1 day storage in coffee solution (p 0.05). Polishing reduced the discoloration resistance of Tetric EvoCeram/SwissFlex, Tetric EvoCeram/Praxis TDV, Quixfil-SwissFlex, and all Herculite XRV Ultra groups after 7 days storage (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Discoloration resistance of bulk-fill resin-based composites can be significantly affected by the polishing procedures.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill and nanohybrid resin-based composites polished with 3 different, multistep, aluminum-oxide impregnated finishing and polishing disks. Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were light-cured between two glass slabs using one nanohybid bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent), one micro-hybrid bulk-fill (Quixfil, Dentsply), and two nanohybrid incremental-fill (Filtek Ultimate, 3M ESPE; Herculite XRV Ultra, Kerr) resin-based composites, and aged by thermocycling (between $5-55^{\circ}C$, 3,000 cycles). Then, they were divided into subgroups according to the polishing procedure as SwissFlex ($Colt\grave{e}ne/Whaledent$), Optidisc (Kerr), and Praxis TDV (TDV Dental) (n = 12 per subgroup). One surface of each specimen was left unpolished. All specimens were immersed in coffee solution at $37^{\circ}C$. The color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured after 1 and 7 days of storage using a colorimeter based on CIE Lab system. The data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedmann tests (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Univariate ANOVA detected significant interactions between polishing procedure and composite resin and polishing procedure and storage time (p < 0.05). Significant color changes were detected after 1 day storage in coffee solution (p 0.05). Polishing reduced the discoloration resistance of Tetric EvoCeram/SwissFlex, Tetric EvoCeram/Praxis TDV, Quixfil-SwissFlex, and all Herculite XRV Ultra groups after 7 days storage (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Discoloration resistance of bulk-fill resin-based composites can be significantly affected by the polishing procedures.
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제안 방법
Figure 1. Bar charts comparing the mean color differences (∆E) with standard deviations of Tetric EvoCeram (nanohybid bulk-fill resin composite) and Quixfil (micro-hybrid bulk-fill resin composite) after thermocycling and storage in coffee solution for 1 and 7 days. For the same polishing procedure and resin composite, the groups with the same lower case letters are not statistically different.
11,20 Despite that the mean ∆E values higher than this threshold on the 7 days of storage cannot be regarded as these materials could be unsuitable for clinical use, the color differences increased after 7 days in the all subgroups with the exceptions of Quixfil-Optidisc, Filtek Ultimate-Swissflex, and Filtek Ultimate-Optidisc subgroups. The color maintenance observed in these subgroups might be due to the effect of the polishing tools, but such a claim should be confirmed with a detailed analysis of polished surfaces.
The specimens were polymerized using a light-emitting diode curing unit (Cromalux LED 1200, Mega-Physik GmbH & Co., Rastatt, Germany, 1,200 mW/cm2) from both directions for 20 seconds each.
Then, the specimens were undertaken to thermocycling for 3,000 cycles between 5 and 55°C with 60 seconds dwell time.
대상 데이터
Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were prepared from two different bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein; Quixfil, Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany) and two incremental-fill (Filtek Ultimate, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany; Herculite XRV Ultra, Kerr, Orange, CA, USA) composite resins in teflon molds.
데이터처리
The data were analyzed with Univariate ANOVA to detect the interactions between the variables of composite resin, polishing procedure, and storage time. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the color differences between the polished and unpolished surfaces at each time-point, and to compare the discoloration values of different polishing procedures after 7 days of storage since the data were not normally distributed.
성능/효과
In this study, even though no significant difference was detected on the Tetric EvoCeram specimens after either 1 or 7 days of storage, the discoloration variations in the Quixfil subgroups showed that the esthetic lifespan of a BRBC restoration could be improved with the selection of proper polishing tools.
When compared with the respective unpolished surfaces, polishing significantly reduced the discoloration resistance of the Tetric EvoCeram-SwissFlex, Tetric EvoCeram-Praxis TDV, Quixfil-SwissFlex, and all Herculite XRV Ultra groups after 7 days (p < 0.05).
후속연구
23,24 Therefore, the extent of the removal of highly polymerized outer layer, together with the porous, micro-hybrid filler particles, and internal discoloration can be regarded as the main reasons of the different mean ∆E values obtained in the unpolished subgroups of Quixfil. Furthermore, the high color stability of Quixfil-Optidisc subgroup can be related with the low abrasiveness of the polishing disks, which can be investigated in a further study. In addition, compared to other polishing kits, the flush-mounted and coated mandrel system of Optidisc might also be effective in preventing scratch formation during polishing, thereby improving the discoloration resistance.
In this study, even though no significant difference was detected on the Tetric EvoCeram specimens after either 1 or 7 days of storage, the discoloration variations in the Quixfil subgroups showed that the esthetic lifespan of a BRBC restoration could be improved with the selection of proper polishing tools. Therefore, more studies are needed to understand the relationship between color changes of BRBC restorations exposed to various colorant beverages and foods, and different polishing techniques.
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