S-methyl-$\small{L}$-methionine (SMM), also known as vitamin U, is commercially available as skin care cosmetic products for its wound healing and photoprotective effects. However, the low skin permeation expected of SMM due to its hydrophilic nature with a log P value of -3.3, has not be...
S-methyl-$\small{L}$-methionine (SMM), also known as vitamin U, is commercially available as skin care cosmetic products for its wound healing and photoprotective effects. However, the low skin permeation expected of SMM due to its hydrophilic nature with a log P value of -3.3, has not been thoroughly addressed. The purpose of this study thus was to evaluate the effect of skin permeation enhancers on the skin permeation/deposition of SMM. Among the enhancers tested for the in vitro skin permeation and deposition of SMM, oleic acid showed the most significant enhancing effect. Moreover, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol further enhanced in vitro permeation and deposition of SMM through hairless mouse skin. Furthermore, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol significantly increased the in vivo deposition of SMM in the epidermis/dermis for 12 hr, which was high enough to exert a therapeutic effect. Therefore, based on the in vitro and in vivo studies, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol was shown to be effective in improving the topical skin delivery of SMM, which may be applied in the cosmetic production process for SMM.
S-methyl-$\small{L}$-methionine (SMM), also known as vitamin U, is commercially available as skin care cosmetic products for its wound healing and photoprotective effects. However, the low skin permeation expected of SMM due to its hydrophilic nature with a log P value of -3.3, has not been thoroughly addressed. The purpose of this study thus was to evaluate the effect of skin permeation enhancers on the skin permeation/deposition of SMM. Among the enhancers tested for the in vitro skin permeation and deposition of SMM, oleic acid showed the most significant enhancing effect. Moreover, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol further enhanced in vitro permeation and deposition of SMM through hairless mouse skin. Furthermore, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol significantly increased the in vivo deposition of SMM in the epidermis/dermis for 12 hr, which was high enough to exert a therapeutic effect. Therefore, based on the in vitro and in vivo studies, the combination of oleic acid and ethanol was shown to be effective in improving the topical skin delivery of SMM, which may be applied in the cosmetic production process for SMM.
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문제 정의
, 1989). Thus, the objective of this study was to optimize and evaluate the skin permeation enhancer on the in vitro skin permeation and deposition of SMM in hairless mouse model. Also, the synergistic effect of skin permeation enhancers on in vitro and in vivo skin deposition of SMM was systematically investigated.
However, there has been no systematic study reported up to date on the skin permeation/deposition of SMM even though the skin permeation of SMM is expected to be low due to its high hydrophilicity. Thus, this study has been initiated with the assumption that the use of skin permeation enhancer could improve the skin permeation and/or deposition of SMM, thereby further increasing its therapeutic efficacy. Various skin permeation enhancers with different mechanism of action have been reported (Rachakonda et al.
제안 방법
In vitro skin deposition of SMM at 6 hr and 12 hr in the stratum corneum (SC) and the epidermis/dermis of hairless mouse skin after applying 2% (w/v) or 5% (w/v) of SMM in the 50:50 (v/v) mixture of PG and DDW (Mean ± SD, n=3).
Since topical skin delivery of SMM has not been previously reported, the goal of this study was therefore to first of all evaluate the skin permeation and deposition of SMM, after which to investigate the effect of enhancers. Fortunately, the skin deposition of SMM in epidermis/dermis was detectable by LC-MS/MS analysis (Fig.
, 2% (w/v) oleic acid with or without 10% (w/v) ethanol] was applied into the chamber for topical administration of SMM at 80 mg/kg dose. The hairless mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at 6 and 12 hr, and then the skin samples were prepared as described in in vitro skin deposition study to determine the amount of SMM.
To investigate the effect of enhancers on the in vitro skin permeation and deposition of SMM (2%, w/v), three different enhancers were added at 5% (w/v) in the donor solution. Fig.
데이터처리
All experiments were carried out at least three times (n≥3). A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant using one-way ANOVA. Data were shown as mean ± standard deviation.
성능/효과
, 2016). Results of this study showed that oleic acid, alone and in combination with ethanol, is a useful enhancer for SMM among tested, and significantly increases both in vitro skin permeation and deposition of SMM. Oleic acid is one of the most potent skin permeation enhancers and has a different mechanism on enhancing skin permeability from its cis unsaturated double bonds structure (Trommer and Neubert, 2006).
The most effective enhancer among tested was oleic acid, which significantly increased the flux of SMM up to 7.98 ± 4.43 mg/hr/cm2.
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