[논문]Bioconversion of flowers waste: Composting using dry leaves as bulking agent

Sharma, Dayanand; Yadav, Kunwar D.

doi:10.4491/eer.2016.126

Bioconversion of flowers waste: Composting using dry leaves as bulking agent 원문보기

Environmental engineering research, v.22 no.3, 2017년, pp.237 - 244

Sharma, Dayanand (Department of Civil Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology) , Yadav, Kunwar D. (Department of Civil Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

At present, in India, handling of solid waste has become a major challenge for the municipal authorities. Composting of solid waste, especially organic waste, can be one of the solutions to tackle the issue of handling solid waste. The present study is focused on agitated piles composting of flower waste (FW). Five combinations of FW with dry leaves (DL) and cow dung (CD) were prepared to conduct the study. Significant changes were observed due to the addition of bulking agent. The bulking material helps to reduce the production of leachate and also to maintain the aerobic condition within the piles. The reduction of total organic carbon was 21% in FW composting which increased by 36.48% during the composting of FW on addition of DL and CD. On the 120th day of composting, the pH of pile five (70 kg FW + 20 kg CD + 15 kg DL) was 7.33, electrical conductivity 2.77 mS/cm, total organic carbon 26.9%, total nitrogen 2.2%, and C:N ratio was 12. Appropriate proportion of waste mixture played an important role in providing favorable conditions for the microbial transformation of flower waste to stabilized compost. Finally, FW with the combination of CD and DL was found to be successful during pile composting.

주제어

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문제 정의

[10] used pineapple leaves for composting. The author concluded that high quality compost can be produced by co-composting pine apple leaves and chicken manure slurry. Thereby reducing environmental pollution that could result from poorly managed agricultural waste.

제안 방법

The present study was conducted to monitor changes in the physico-chemical parameters by preparing five different combinations of heaps for 120 days. Waste combinations were formed into trapezoidal piles (size: length 2,100 mm, base width 350 mm, top width 100 mm, height 250 mm) having length to base width (L/W) ratio of 6 [12].
The present study is focused on FW composting coupled with the role of bulking agent. The study also evaluates physicochemical changes during the composting process.

대상 데이터

Heating digester (Velp scientifica DK 20) was used for digesting the 0.2 g sample, 10 mL H2SO4 and HClO4 mixture (5:1) at 300°C ± 5°C for two hours.
The quantity and composition of FW varies widely from location to location. The collected FW comprised of the flowers namely Marigold, Rose, Jasmine, and Lotus. In this study, only FW was used for composting without stems, roots and leaves.
The main materials used in the study were FW and cow dung (CD) with DL as bulking agent. Characteristics of each of the materials used are presented in Table 1.

이론/모형

2 g sample, 10 mL H₂SO₄ and HClO₄ mixture (5:1) at 300°C ± 5°C for two hours. The digested samples were used for the determination of total phosphorous using stannous chloride methods [14]. The concentrations of Na, K and Ca were determined by using flame photometer.
Total nitrogen present was determined by Kjeldahl method. The presence of ammoniacal nitrogen was determined by KCl extraction method followed by phenate method [13]. Volatile solids were determined by keeping the oven dried sieved sample in a muffle furnace for 550 ± 2°C for 2 h.
The CO₂ evolution rate was determined as described by Singh and Kalamdhad [12]. Total nitrogen present was determined by Kjeldahl method. The presence of ammoniacal nitrogen was determined by KCl extraction method followed by phenate method [13].

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DOI : 10.4491/eer.2016.126 [무료]
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